Construction of pigsties for 100 or 50 heads

Breeding pigs is a very profitable business, but also troublesome. The farmer, among other things, should also consider building a suitable animal room. In most cases, at the beginning, beginning entrepreneurs acquire no more than 50-100 pigs. It is not too difficult to build a pigsty for so many animals. The costs of construction at the same time pay off quite quickly.

Where to build a pigsty?

According to the regulations, the construction of pig houses is allowed no closer than 15 meters from residential buildings. But it is better, of course, to erect this structure even further. After all, the smell of a pigsty, even regularly cleaned, can be very strong. Among other things, when choosing a place to build such an appointment, it is worth taking into account also such factors:

• The pigsty should be located on a hill.
• You can not build such structures near water reservoirs.
• There must be a convenient access to the pigsty.

Of course, such a structure should also be built near the power line. Also, next to the pigsty, there should be enough space for installing a septic tank for manure and drilling wells for water supply.

Features of the layout

The construction of pig houses should be done with a preliminary drafting. When developing such a document, it is first of all necessary to take into account the specifics of the content of this particular variety of farm animals. If a farmer proposes to grow pigs not only for meat, but also for the purpose of selling pedigree producers, the construction will have to be divided into two parts - pedigree and fattening. In the first, it is necessary to equip places for mating and queens with piglets. In the fattening zone, machine tools for animals and feeders are installed.

In addition to pens and a zone for breeding work, the pigsty should also be equipped with:

1. Room for staff.
2. Warehouses for inventory and feed.
3. A platform for weighing animals.
4. Boiler room.
5. Feed preparation room.

Machines for pigs should be quite spacious. Ideally, if one animal is about 2.5 m ^{2 of} free space. Taking into account the aisles and household premises, farmers usually practice the construction of a pigsty for 100 heads with an area of at least 300 squares. For 50 pigs, approximately 200 m ² will be enough.

Equipment of machine tools

Pigs are traditionally considered not very clean animals. However, more of this is a delusion. Piglets, like other farm animals, prefer to live in clean and dry rooms. Even the defecate pigs always go to the same place. In any case, the machine must be provided with: a feeding zone, a den, a site for defecation.

Pig house building : what should be the walls

Of course, when drafting a project, you should also decide what materials will be used to build the structure. The walls of the pigsty can be erected, for example, from wood or brick. But most often these buildings are still built from blocks. When using the material of this variety, you can get the most durable and at the same time not too expensive construction.

It is desirable to insulate the pigsty from the blocks with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. As an outer skin, the profiled sheet is the cheapest.

Foundations of a structure

In order for the pigstery to last a long time, of course, under it should be a reliable base. The choice of the type of foundation for such a structure, as well as for any other, depends primarily on the characteristics of the soil in this particular area. More often, the construction of a pigsty for 50 heads or more involves pouring the base in the form of a powerful reinforced concrete tape. Sometimes under such facilities columnar foundations with a grillage are also equipped.

Roof

Roofing on the buildings of this specialization is usually arranged for a one-run. The construction of pig houses is quite expensive. But if you want you can save a little by choosing for such a building is not too beautiful, but at the same time sufficiently reliable materials. If for walls it is best to use inexpensive blocks, then for roofing - slate. You can also cover the roof with a roofing felt. But in any case, like the walls, the roof of the pigsty must be insulated.

What material should I choose for the floor?

The piglets do not tolerate the cold very well. Therefore, in small pigsties, a couple of heads are usually equipped with warm wooden floors. However, unfortunately, for buildings that have a large area and are designed for the maintenance of a large number of livestock, this option is completely inappropriate. The fact that the piglets are just like to gnaw wood. In the pigsties themselves, it is usually quite damp, because of what the surface of the boards softens. And this, in turn, greatly facilitates the animals the task of destroying them.

Therefore, in large pigsties, designed for 50-100 heads, the floors are usually flooded with cement mortar on the sand (with reinforcement). But since the material is cold, wooden shields must additionally be placed in the lairs of machines over concrete . Of course, their pigs can also damage. But this replacement is much cheaper than repairing the entire floor entirely. Actually the very concrete coating in the machines should be flooded with a slope of at least 5 degrees towards the passage.

Pig's windows

Premises for pigs should not only be clean and dry, but also fairly light. The optimal size of windows for such a structure is 1x1.5 m. In this case, the glazing in the pigsty should be double. Otherwise, in winter the farmer will have to spend a lot on heating. Positioning windows in a pigsty should be at an altitude of about 1.2-1.5 m from the floor level.

Features of the arrangement of ventilation

The construction of cowsheds, pigstories and poultry houses of a large area is a very complicated matter, and because such buildings need to be properly equipped. So, for example, the biological feature of pigs is that when fattening, they emit a lot of gases. But while the polluted air is not very good. In such conditions the piglets get worse and gain more weight. Therefore, when drafting a pigsty, one should also think about the arrangement of ventilation.

In a room designed for 100 heads, 5 mines with a diameter of 60x60 cm are usually made around the perimeter of the ceiling. The air ducts are then taken out to the roof - into the ventilation slot. The recommended diameter of the sleeves for such systems is 20x10 cm. In a pigsty for 50 heads of supply shafts, you can, of course, do less.

Heating

If the air temperature in the winter period at the pigsty location falls below -25 C, additional heating should be provided in the rooms. To do this, it will be necessary to equip the boiler house. As for the wiring, in a pigsty you can equip a conventional inexpensive one-pipe system with natural circulation.

Water pipes

The construction of pigsties, convenient and durable, also involves the arrangement of this kind of engineering systems (for animal feeding and cleaning with a hose). Centralized networks near the facilities, unfortunately, are rare. Therefore, to ensure their water, a well is usually drilled. Sometimes they are equipped with several. Of course, you do not have to install a hot water pipe in a pigsty. Cold will be enough.

Sewerage

In the construction of 50 heads of manure can be removed manually. In the same building, designed for 100 pigs, it is better to install special conveyors - scraper and inclined. With their help manure can be fed directly to the tractor trailer. You can store the farm waste simply in a large pit. But it is better to equip a septic tank with bacteria near the pigsty.

What other materials can be built?

Recently, when assembling the structures of this specialization, various kinds of modern technologies are often used. For example, the practice of building pigs from metal structures. Buildings of this type, in addition to not too high cost, are also distinguished by such advantages:

• Convenient distribution of the internal space.
• Long service life.
• Simple installation.
• A good microclimate.

Among other things, and pay for themselves pigsties from the metal is pretty fast.

Conclusion

Of course, it's quite difficult to build a big pigsty for 50 or 100 heads with your own hands. In any case, one person with this task, of course, can not cope. Therefore, most often start-up farmers prefer to hire specialists and order the construction of pigstyens on a turn-key basis. To spend in this case, of course, will have more, but to do the actual breeding of animals can be much faster. And in already fully equipped rooms.

Of course, when choosing a company that carries out such work, first of all you should make sure of its good reputation. Trusting any company such a thing as the construction of pigsties, reviews about it on the Internet must first be read. For example, farmers have a good opinion about such companies as "AgroProm Construction" and "RosAgroStroy."