Computer programming languages: types, description, application and feedback

Yesterday, computer science was considered pseudoscience in the Soviet Union. And today the governments of some countries complain about the attacks of Russian hackers.

And while in Russia there are still few high-tech devices and devices, smart programmers also have enough.

Today we will tell you about computer languages, their classification, essence, possibilities and prospects for future use.

Let's start with the theory. First of all, we will understand the concept.

What are computer languages?

This is a system of signs, symbols, which is created to "communicate" a person with a computer. After all, we can not just take it, go to the computer and start telling him something. For this, there are special words-codes and vocabulary, of which computer languages are composed. And they are already reaching the computer in a form understandable to him.

To date, there are more than 8 thousand different languages for human communication with a computer. Of course, they can not all be known. Someone creates a language for themselves, and someone does it on a commercial basis.

But a good programmer should know at least a few basic ones.

What programming languages are the most popular?

The world of computer technology is constantly being improved: new developments are emerging, the past is brought to mind. Together with this, computer programming languages appear or are ordered. The most popular of them, which are used globally, include the following:

• C / C ++;

• Java;

• PHP;

• Python;

• Visual Basic.

Of course, there are actually more languages, but we chose the most basic ones, on which more than 90% of all computer applications are written. Let's consider each of them in detail.

Procedural C / C ++

C and C ++ can be called two brothers. There are allegations that these are two completely different programming languages, which is incorrect. C ++ is some improvement on the previous language, which makes it easier to write programs and retain the old syntax.

Since developed since the seventies of the last century, in the eighties they started to create C ++. To date, the latter can be called one of the most popular. It is so multifunctional that with its help you can create an operating system, device drivers, games and much more.

Speaking about the advantages and disadvantages of this language, one can not draw unambiguous conclusions. There are his supporters, and there are also ruthless critics. The basis for disputes is that in this programming language there is nothing of its own.

Its creators, so to speak, combined the functions and capabilities of several programming languages into one. As a result, a complex and ambitious programming tool was developed. But if you disassemble it for individual functions, then it is inferior to highly specialized languages.

Independent and secure Java

This English computer language was developed by Sun Microsystems. Due to the fact that the written program is translated into a special bytecode, it is able to work regardless of the type of operating system or computer architecture.

This made the Java language the most popular. It can be found absolutely in all household appliances, ATMs, city machines and virtually everything related to computer technology. It is in Java that most popular applications for smartphones and phones are written.

Also this programming language has a high level of security. The execution of the program actions within its authority is controlled by a virtual machine that transmits commands to the devices. Therefore, when you try to perform some other task, the program stops immediately.

Speaking about the simplicity of the language, it is worth noting the studies that showed that similar operations are written 1,2-2 times longer than in C ++. Also, several times more resources are required to execute commands. But the manufacturer's team is constantly releasing many updates, which minimize all the shortcomings of this programming language.

Conquered Internet PHP

Do you want to create your own website or do web programming? This will help you with a great PHP language that can create dynamic pages. It is, perhaps, the most popular when creating websites and writing web applications.

Due to the fact that this programming language was created by developers with open source, it managed to be perfected, and it gained frenzied popularity. PHP easily interacts with a wide variety of databases - from MySQL to Access.

The most popular Internet sites, such as Facebook or Wikipedia, are written in this language.

It's easy to write on it. There is even a statistic that more than 60% of the world's programmers who work on the PHP code have a fairly limited knowledge of (at a basic level) English. Computer literacy in this case is limited only by knowing the necessary functions and procedures.

You can not ignore criticism of the language. Despite the fact that in the rankings of the most popular languages in 2015, PHP took 6th place, in his address is often expressed discontent.

First of all, this language was created not by one group of programmers, but several. Because of this, the syntax of the language is not unified and does not have a single architecture. There are different procedures that need to be described in a special way, rather than a standardized template.

Also one of the main problems is the lack of compatibility between different versions of languages. Earlier versions absolutely refuse to work with updates, which often creates problems in transferring code from one version to another.

The relevance of knowledge and understanding of programming languages

The topic of the ability to "talk" with the computer in the past decade is gaining more momentum.

And it's not surprising, because information technologies are unruly in our life and even a toothbrush can not do without "brains". The code must be programmed and the device serviced by a specialist. Therefore, there is always a demand for competent programmers.

Another reason why many learn computer languages, can be called a decline in the country's economy. A person who can write professionally in Java, can remotely work for a foreign company to create applications and earn a month's money that in his country will have to be saved for decades.

But if you think about it, it's quite difficult to start successfully programming and writing computer programs. English is the main barrier for beginners. After all, most programs and languages are written taking into account the vocabulary of this international language.

Learn languages online

So you'll have to learn a foreign language at least at a basic level, until the Russian computer language is invented.

But do not worry, the world does not stand still. Today you can learn without leaving home. The main thing is to have a computer and the Internet. There are many sites that conduct computer language training. The most popular of them are Codecademy, Code School and Udacity.