Comedy in the literature is a multivariate variety of drama

Generalized drama is called works that are intended for staging on stage. From the narrative they differ in that the presence of the author is practically not felt and they are built on dialogue.

Genre literature on content

Any artwork is a historically developed and developed type. It is called genre (from the French genre - genus, species). In relation to various kinds of literature, there are four main ones: lyrical and lyroepic, as well as epic and dramatic.

• The first, as a rule, include poetic works of so-called small forms: poems, elegy, sonnets, songs, etc.
• The lyre-epic genre includes ballads and poems; Large forms.
• Narrative samples (from the sketch and ending with the novel) are an example of epic works.
• The dramatic genre is represented by tragedy, drama and comedy.

A comedy in Russian literature, and not only in Russian, was developed quite actively already in the eighteenth century. True, it was considered a lower origin in comparison with the epic and tragedy.

Comedy as a literary genre

The work of this plan is a kind of drama, where some characters or situations are presented in a funny or grotesque manner. As a rule, in it, with the help of laughter, humor, often satire reveals something, whether it be human vices or some unsightly aspects of life.

The comedy in literature is the counterposition of tragedy, in the center of which an unsolvable conflict is inevitably built. And her noble and sublime hero must make a fateful choice, sometimes at the cost of life. In comedy, it's the other way round: the character of it is ridiculous and ridiculous, and the situations in which it falls are also no less ridiculous. This distinction arose in antiquity.

Later, in the era of classicism, it survived. Heroes were portrayed according to the moral principle by kings and petty bourgeoises. But nevertheless, such a goal - to enlighten, mocking shortcomings, - set a comedy in the literature. Definition her The main features were given by Aristotle. He proceeded from the fact that people are either bad or good, differ from each other or vice, or virtue, because the worst should be portrayed in comedy. A tragedy is designed to show those that are better than existing in real life.

Kinds of comedies in the literature

A merry dramatic genre, in its turn, has several kinds. Comedy in the literature - it's also vaudeville, and farce. And according to the nature of the image, it can also be divided into several types: the comedy of positions and the comedy of morals.

Vodevil, being a genre variety of this dramatic kind, represents an easy scenic action having an entertaining intrigue. In it a great place is given to singing of couplets and dances.

The farce is also light, playful. His course is accompanied by external comic effects, often to please rough taste.

The comedy of positions is distinguished by its construction on the external comic, on the effects, where the source of laughter is confusing or ambiguous circumstances and situations. The most striking examples of such works are "The Comedy of Errors" by W. Shakespeare and "The Marriage of Figaro" by P. Beaumarchais.

A dramatic work in which the source of humor are funny mores or some hypertrophied character traits , shortcomings, vices, can be attributed to the comedy of morals. Classical examples of such a play are "Tartuffe" by J.-B. Moliere, "The Taming of the Shrew" by W. Shakespeare.

Examples of comedy in the literature

This genre is inherent in all areas of elegant literature from Antiquity to modernity. A special development was the Russian comedy. In the literature this Classical works created by D.I. Fonvizin ("Nedorosl", "Brigadier"), A.S. Griboedov ("Woe from Wit"), N.V. Gogol ("Players", "Inspector", "Marriage"). It should be noted that his plays, regardless of the amount of humor and even a dramatic plot, A.N. Ostrovsky and A.P. Chekhov was called comedy.

The last century was marked by classical comedy plays created by V.V. Mayakovsky, - "Bedbug" and "Bath." They can be called examples of social satire.

V. Shkvarkin was a very popular comediographer in the 1920s-1930s. His plays "Harmful element", "Alien child" were willingly put in different theaters.

Many comedies of Soviet authors were filmed. Thus, according to the work of V. Rozov "In Search of Joy" was filmed a film called "Noisy Day".

Conclusion

Quite widespread is the classification of comedies, based on the typology of the plot. It can be said that comedy in literature is A multivariate variety of drama.

Thus, according to this type, the following plot characters can be distinguished:

• Household comedy. As an example - Moliere's "Georges Danden", "Marriage" N.V. Gogol;
• Romantic (P. Calderon "himself in custody", A. Arbuzov "Old-fashioned comedy");
• Heroic (E. Rostand "Cyrano de Bergerac", G. Gorin "Til");
• Fairy-symbolic, such as "Twelfth Night" by William Shakespeare or "Shadow" by E. Schwartz.

At all times, the attention of comedy has turned to everyday life, its some kind of negative manifestations. To fight them, laughter was called, depending on the situation, cheerful or merciless.