Care for pears in the spring, pest control

Pears are abundant fruit. In late summer or early autumn, they are covered with a huge number of brightly colored fruits. But such a result is possible only with good care and properly formed crown. Proper care for the pear in the spring will give you the opportunity to enjoy its tasty aromatic fruits.

The soil

Pear grows well in loose, loamy soil. He loves the black earth, the forest gray earth.

It grows poorly on sandy or heavy clay soils. The latter contribute to the stagnation of water near the roots.

Landing

Plant a pear better in the autumn. But you can do this in the spring, before bud blossoming. It is better to cook the pit from autumn. When choosing plants for planting, you need to consider that pears in the garden should be at least two. This will improve the pollination of trees.

Usually a pear tree is quite tall. Its roots do not like frosts, and the crown requires good lighting. Therefore, it is better to place it in the western or south-western part of the garden. Try not to let rowan grow nearby. After all, they have the same enemies with a pear. The pear will not bear fruit near the wall of the house.

Pear in nature likes to grow on the slopes or hills. You can use this feature to grow it.

Dig a pit in the form of a cube with a side of 1 m, mix the selected land with humus, compost, kilogram of superphosphate, potassium chloride (100 g). It is very good to conduct liming of the soil, adding to the pit a half kilogram of this substance.

The pit is filled in completely. Water the tree, tie it to the support. You can leave a cavity for irrigation, which is then mulched with a thick layer of grass, straw or sawdust.

After planting the pear its root neck should be from the ground level at a height of 3 centimeters.

Young pear trees do not like direct sunlight. From their impact, the leaves begin to blacken. In this case, you need to pritenit tree. And when it grows, the sun will be for him as well as possible.

Watering

Pear, like any tree, can not survive without sufficient water. You can water it with sprinkling. This option is the best for a pear, but not always available to its owner.

In this case, you can dig a groove depth of about 15 centimeters around the tree and pour water there. The number of watering is determined by the weather conditions. After planting, you need water every other day, in cool weather - every three days for two months.

The thicker the layer of mulch, the less often you can water the pear trees. With excess moisture, the roots can rot.

Care for pear seedlings in the spring includes watering. If there is not enough moisture in the ground, the pear is poured before it blooms. A young tree for this will be enough 5-6 buckets, and older pears watered at the rate of three buckets per square meter square, which is taken by the root system. After watering, add, if necessary, a layer of mulch or loosen the uncoated soil.

If the soil is wet, then care for pears in the spring does not provide watering. Its root penetrates into the depth, where the amount of water is sufficient for normal development.

Care of the pear in early spring

It begins with the cutting of branches and the formation of the crown. It is carried out after blowing a threat of early frosts, and ending before the bud blossoming. After all, until this time, the pear needs to heal the wounds so that it does not enter into a weakened spring.

Pruning can be aimed at crown formation or corrective. You can get a normal crop only with a properly formed tree.

Crown pear happens:

• Palmetta.
• Sparse-tiered.

Palmetta requires minimal interference with the shape of the crown. The central conductor remains and grows upward. Although it is shortened, but the ring is not cut.

With sparse-tiered form, the crowns of the branch grow in tiers, in each of which there are several skeletal ones.

Care of the pear in the spring after the leaves bloom

The annual seedling is cut to 90 centimeters. When forming young branches from blossoming buds, they should be directed horizontally. To do this, over the unripe shoots cling ordinary linen clothespin. Its longest part guides the escape in the right direction. If in May or June did not have time to conduct this procedure, then in July and August they are sent using twine.

Planting a two-year-old seedling in the ground, leave him with 3-4 skeletal branches and shorten them to the fourth part of the length. A shorter circumcision results in late fruiting. In addition, on the branches thus cut off, the growth of strong young vertical shoots begins, which still have to be removed. The conductor is cut above these branches by 20 cm.

A greater number of skeletal branches (first order) in the lower part of the crown overloads it and does not contribute to the formation of a beautiful crown.

At the older tree, the branches are moved to the horizontal direction, tying them with a rope and fixing it for a nail driven into the trunk. The pear is easier to make than the apple tree. Its branches are much more elastic. Although the rest of the care of apple and pear in the spring is much like.

Pruning of mature trees

If you can not translate some branches into a horizontal position, they should be removed by cutting to the ring.

The branches, which remained to grow vertically, later enter into fruiting. And if the crown is not cut and not to be formed, then the harvest from the tree will be minimal.

The crown can be expanded by transferring skeletal branches to outer ones of the second order. To do this, the branch is cut so that the kidney located after the cut is on the outside.

The second tier is formed for the fourth year of the life of the pear. The conductor is cut off, leaving 7 buds. All the branches that are between the tiers are shortened for fruiting.

In the fifth and subsequent years, clarify the crown, cut all the shoots growing vertically on the ring, or, if necessary, transfer them to the external kidney.

In the future, cut dry, sick, broken branches. Do not cross and rub branches against each other.

If the growth of the pear with regular fertilizing decreased to 20 cm, you can make a light rejuvenating pruning. Weak branches are cut out, the others are shortened, translating them into lateral ones. This will give an opportunity to receive a high yield for several years.

Care for a young pear in the spring continues cleaning the shelter, which for the winter protected the roots and stem of the plant from frost and rodents. Check their condition. The wounds left by the rodents are treated with vitriol and covered with garden wax. Care for pears in the spring includes processing the trunk with a lime solution. This will protect it from sunburns in the period before the leaves bloom and will destroy some pathogens.

The soil around the tree is dug to a depth of 8-15 cm. At the same time, not only the aeration is increased and the moisture is opened, but also the pests that wintered there. Then the mooring circle is mulched.

Top dressing

Care for pears in the spring usually includes fertilizing. Pear with a normal development process per year gives an increase of 40 centimeters. If it is much smaller, then you need to quickly feed the tree. In this case, you need to consider the age of the tree. If he is already over 15, then feeding alone does not help, you need to rejuvenate circumcision.

Fertilize the pear in the first year after planting is not necessary. After all, in the pit you laid all the necessary substances. And in the second year, you can start making organic every three years, mineral fertilizers - every year, the same as when planting, mixing them with soil. Organic fertilizers are added after mineral fertilizers.

Foliar fertilizing is useful for pear. Before flowering, it is sprayed with a 3% superphosphate solution. Treatment with a 2% urea solution strengthens the tree and increases its yield. This is not an obligatory, but very useful procedure, which includes caring for the pear in the spring.

Pest and disease control

It often happens that in the spring the pear blooms like bathed, covered with fruits in the summer, and there is nothing to clean in the fall. Therefore, caring for pears in the spring includes combating diseases and pests.

Diseases, which most often damage pears:

• scab;
• rust;
• Moniliasis;
• Bacterial cancer;
• Cytosporosis;
• Fruit rot.

Much harm is brought:

• Apple tree color;
• Gall mite;
• Moth;
• Pear-shaped saddler;
• aphid;
• The larva of the May bug bites the root.

The fight against diseases and pests can be carried out with the help of complex treatments.

From diseases helps Bordeaux fluid, "Panncotseb", "Azofos", "Horus".

But one spray will be small. If you want to get a good harvest, be prepared to provide the kind of care that a pear needs. In the spring, spraying with "Aktara", "Bi-58", "Karate", "Decis" helps to get rid of pests.

It needs to be done several times:

• Before bud blossoming;
• Before flowering;
• After the formation of fruits;
• After harvest.

In May, a bucket of "Aktary" is bred in a bucket of water and watered young trees to protect the roots from destruction by the larvae of the May beetle.

Care for pears on clonal rootstocks

What is the advantage of clonal rootstocks for pears:

• They significantly reduce the height of the pear;
• Trees quickly enter into fruiting;
• Their yield is higher than usual.

When choosing a clonal stock for a pear, one must take into account that they are incompatible with some varieties.