Car ZIS-150: specifications, description, photo

The Great Patriotic War died down, and a large country began to recover. At that time, there was a shortage of light trucks. And this one was created. This is ZIS-150. Despite its small carrying capacity, he played a significant role in reconstruction and economic work.

History of creation

The first car came off the assembly line in early 1948. In a huge country, a large-scale restoration was envisaged, as well as reconstruction of the entire economy. This was planned to be done at an accelerated pace from 1946 to 1950, which entailed the creation of new civilian vehicles.

As a result, there is a ZIS-150 - a fully civilian truck, designed for 4 tons. At its core, specialists could notice similarities with American models from International, which was issued since 1941. For today, even advertising and press releases on this car have been preserved.

History does not know how the American series developed in the future, but about 700,000 cars of this brand were produced in the USSR. This figure is presented without taking into account the various analogues that were produced in Europe under license.

The ZIS-150 car fully met all expectations of the government and showed itself well in the national economy. Appointments of the car was very, very much.

Even before the war

The famous ZIS-5 was built before the war. The first samples of ZIS-15 began to appear from 1938 to 1940. Then the design was laid down the possibility of modernization. It was possible to increase the carrying capacity, capacity, dimensions of the platform, as well as comfort. But all this must be invested in the next generation.

Before the developers set the task to create a new truck, and though not immediately, but they coped with this task.

Exit to the series

After the war, there was a shortage of high-quality steel alloys. And at first the truck was manufactured with a simpler cabin made of metal and wood. However, after 2 years the cabin changed its shape and became completely steel. The windshield was two halves. The left glass could be lifted - for this purpose a rocking mechanism was used.

The truck was equipped with a power unit of 5.5 liters and a capacity of 90 "horses." For this engine engineers were very generously rewarded with the State Prize. Then, for the issue of ZIS-150, the director of the Likhachev plant also received such a prize.

Appearance

The new first prototype was called ZIS-150. The cabin had a beveled radiator lining. The design is very similar to the "Opel-Blitz". But the Soviet truck with Opel had no family ties. Just for the creation, some details were used from the pre-war YAG-7 truck.

A year later, the cabin decided to restyling. Here we can see the similarity with American cars from Harvester.

Here the whole point is that in the Soviet Union somehow managed to agree on the acquisition in the United States of presses for the production of certain parts of the machine. In addition to the cabin, the "Hero of Socialist Labor" from the Americans no longer had anything. All the rest was inherited from his ancestor - ZIS-15.

1945 is significant in the history of this car by the fact that this year it was first shown to a wide audience. It was a prototype, which was exhibited at an industrial exhibition.

Cabin after restyling

The new cabin was completely metal. The roof and the back wall were insulated, the front panel also had thermal insulation.

As a glazing on the first cars in the factory, glass triplex was used, which was distinguished by a layer of celluloid. However, practice has shown that it had the property to fade and delaminate due to exposure to weather conditions and precipitation. That is why in 1953 began to use tempered glass. It was characterized by increased strength, and also never stratified.

The windshield was equipped with a windscreen wiper. He used compressed air for work. Its drive was connected to the braking system. To turn it on, the driver needed to rotate a special knob-regulator. This activated two brushes. When the head was rotated, it was possible to change the direction of the brushes. This mechanism also had a special lever, allowing you to start the work of brushes manually and take them to the extreme position.

On the car ZIS-150 first issues there were two windshield wipers. There were also two regulators, which could be switched on separately.

For ventilation, the second half of the glass was able to open. Also in front of the glass was a special hatch. The roof, too, could be opened. To do this, the engineers made a special handle in the hatch vent.

Dashboard

As a dashboard , one common shield was used, in which many indicators, various measuring and control devices were combined. In the center you can see a speedometer and an odometer.

Until 1953, a thermometer was located on the left of the shield showing the temperature of the coolant. On the right is the fuel level indicator. The indicator showing the included high beam was on the speedometer scale.

Platform

ZIS-150 was built on a wooden platform with folding sides. Its length was 3540 mm, and the width was 250 mm. The height for loading was 1320 mm. The side was 584 mm high.

The front side was fixed with three racks, where it was held by means of two angles, which were mounted on the frame. The sides of the truck were hinged on the hinges. To exclude a possible deflection, the developers strengthened the beams with the beams.

The tailgate was fixed on three hinges. The locks had a latch principle. To make it convenient to tie the load, there were special hooks on the cross bars.

On the right side of the platform was a special box where the driver could store a heavy tool or any other road stock.

The chassis consisted of two longitudinal, as well as five transverse bars, which were fastened together by means of clamps. In addition, clamps were also held by kerchiefs. As a chassis, engineers used past generations - the 15th model.

Engines

Model ZIS-150 was equipped with the same unit as the 5th series, and then the 15th. With its cylinder diameter of 101.6 mm, this carburetor motor had a volume of 5.5 liters. In 1950, after significant work on the modernization and installation of a new carburetor with a falling flow of fuel mixture, as well as a completely new intake manifold, they managed to increase the compression ratio - this increased its capacity to 95 liters. from.

In the first series, with all its merits, the car had quite a significant disadvantage. The long shaft of the cardan gear had a weak margin of strength and was critical in terms of the number of revolutions. This often led to the fact that when driving downhill, the number of revolutions was significantly higher than what was required for safety. The propeller shaft broke off. At the same time, it made the brake drive useless - the car was very difficult to stop. Evaluating the situation, specialists had no choice but to forcefully reduce the speed to 2400 rpm.

Transmission

With this engine there was a five-speed transmission, as well as a two-disc clutch system. The box also housed a transmission disc brake. The dispenser box consisted of three shafts.

ZIS-150: specifications

The wheel formula is 4 x 2. The maximum load mass for this car was 4 tons. The weight of the car was 3900 kg. Wheelbase - 4000 mm. Clearance - 265 mm. The maximum speed that could be achieved in this car was 65 km / h, while the speed was limited. The fuel consumption was about 38 l / 100 km. This model with a full tank could cover a distance of 4000 km. The checkpoint is five-speed, and the fifth gear was accelerating.

The steering was a globoidal worm with a three-roll roller. The brake system is represented by drum brakes. The brake was pneumatic. Suspension system - spring type rear. In the rear part, two additional springs were installed.

The Short Age

This Soviet iron machine ZIS-150 was not long on tops of Olympus. He was removed from production in 1957. But on the basis of this model, many different modifications were built. For all time, about 827 thousand of these trucks were manufactured. These cars were used everywhere to restore the national economy. It was replaced by ZIL-164, which did not differ in design and design.

Despite the fact that in the Soviet Union production was canceled, in China and a number of other countries produced ZIS-150, drawings to these countries got under license. Production was also established in Romania, and in the Middle Kingdom it was one of the most popular trucks. So, we found out the features of the Soviet ZIS 150 car.