Dump truck 7540 BelAZ - technical characteristics, features and reviews

The rapidly developing mining industry in recent decades has become an impetus for the manufacture of quarry transport, capable of transporting not only very heavy, but also bulk cargoes. Among all the manufacturers that have ever produced quarry equipment, the most advanced enterprise is BelAZ. Cars of this brand can make a strong impression of their size, as well as technical characteristics. BelAZ-7540 is distinguished not only by its huge traffic, but also has a serious load-carrying capacity. These machines are operated in the most difficult conditions, access to which is very complex, and climatic conditions are not the most favorable. Machines are widely used throughout the world in the mining industry, as well as in the construction of large facilities for a variety of purposes. BelAZ-7540 is a standard of power and high reliability.

How BelAZ was created

The history of this plant, and with it of the car, originates in the postwar period. In the difficult and distant 1948 in the city of Zhodino, Minsk region, a machine-building peat factory was built.

In the first years it practically did not work, but in 1958 the production of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 25 tons MAZ-525 was transferred from the Minsk Automobile Plant. Although these products did not differ in quality, the production of these cars was long enough. Along with this, new models were developed. So, in the 61-st year BelAZ-540 with the carrying capacity of 27 tons comes off the assembly line of the plant. At the same time the designers of the plant created a machine with a fantastic carrying capacity of 40 tons. The plant was repeatedly distinguished by various high awards, including at international exhibitions. But this is not the limit for BelAZ. In the year 69 there is a 75-ton BelAZ-549 open-cast mine, and in the 78th model 7419, capable of carrying up to 110 tons of cargo. Further, the plant produced BelAZ-75211 with a carrying capacity of 170 tons.

Model BelAZ-7540 was produced by the plant since 1992. The dump truck is considered one of the best in the world. The car is the smallest among the serial cars, but its characteristics are not comparable with the features and capabilities of other trucks from world manufacturers. This dump truck was designed to transport rocks from the point of extraction to the storage site or processing points.

Vehicle Features

The conditions under which such transport is operated are by no means easy. Even if you do not take into account the minor distances (and this is from 1 to 5 km), these cars have to move in difficult areas. The roads are characterized by a variable profile, a lot of turns. Quite often in quarries temporary roads are created, the covering of which is unsatisfactory. In addition, the roads are an alternation of ascents and descents of different lengths. Therefore, a quarry dump truck must have serious technical characteristics. It should be noted that BelAZ-7540 is a whole family of models. As for the operating parameters, they coincide in all modifications. The difference between them is only in engines. Also these cars are equipped with a hydrotransformer gearbox, two types of brakes, a comfortable cabin with climate control and other functions.

Modifications and engines

The characteristics of BelAZ-7540 depend on the motor that is installed in the car. In the 7540A models, the YaMZ-240 PM2 engine is installed. The maximum useful power of this unit is 420 liters, and the engine speed will not be higher than 2100 rpm. This diesel unit has a volume of 22.3 liters, and the cylinders are located V-shaped. The engine does not have a turbocharger. Cooling system - liquid type. The maximum torque is 1491 Nm at 1600 rpm.

For the modification of the 7540B, the engine of the YaMZ-240M2-1 series is installed. This model differs only in the presence of a turbocharger and a system for pre-cooling the air flow.

On the model 7540C, the MMZ D-280 units are installed. The power of this engine is 425 hp. At a crankshaft rotation speed of 2100 rpm. This engine has 8 cylinders with a V-shaped arrangement. The volume of the engine is 17.24 liters. The maximum torque is 1913 Nm at a crankshaft revolution of 1300. The motor is equipped with a gas turbine boost system. There is an intermediate cooling system for air. Series 7540 D is equipped with imported eight-cylinder Deutz BF8M1015 motors. The power of such an aggregate is 350 horsepower at a crankshaft revolution of 2050 rpm. The cylinder capacity is 16 liters. The maximum torque is 1835 Nm. Along with these models, in the series there are other modifications. They are equipped with engines from the American manufacturer Cummins.

Fuel consumption

As you can see, all the engines are large enough. How much does the BelAZ-7540 car consume? It's worth taking into account one thing - it's a career technique. Fuel consumption here is not for kilometers, but for hours. So, for one hour of model A, B, and E consumes under the passport of 55,3 liters of fuel. Model C - 59.77 l / h. Belaz D-series needs 60.89 liters for one hour of engine operation.

Automatic transmission

Regardless of the configuration, as well as the modification, each machine from this series is equipped with a torque converter automatic transmission. The transmission is characterized by the presence of a three-shaft matching gearbox. Also in the design there is a single-stage torque converter. Transmission - four-shaft, equipped with friction clutches and electric-hydraulic drive control. The transmission allows you to use five gears for driving forward and two for driving backward. For work in light conditions, dump trucks can be equipped with automatic transmission with four gears. Three are provided for driving forward, and one for reverse.

Cargo platform

The dump truck has a bucket-type platform. It is welded and has a protective visor. Additionally, it can be heated from the energy of the exhaust gases. The platform is equipped with a special device for locking it in the raised position.

Frame

Chassis - welded, made of the most durable types of low-alloy steels. The spars have a box section and are variable in height. Cross members are joined by cross members.

The scheme of BelAZ-7540 practically does not differ from other trucks, except in other dimensions.

Cab and equipment

The car is equipped with a one-piece all-metal cabin. It is located above the power unit. To get into the car, the driver is required to climb the stairs. Those in the car are two - from the right and left side. The salon is equipped with everything necessary for comfortable work at the wheel. The seat is equipped with an amortization system - so the driver can more easily carry shaking and vibration. After all, despite the large wheels, the car behaves very hard on roughnesses - note the reviews. The chair is adjustable in height, as well as in length. There is an adjustment of an inclination of a back.

Control devices are located directly in front of the driver's eyes. This greatly simplifies monitoring of the main indicators and systems of the car. On the dashboard there is a tachometer, a speedometer, a manometer for monitoring the pressure in the braking system, a voltmeter and a counter that takes into account engine hours. Mirrors make it possible to completely control everything that happens behind the car. This specialized machine is designed for operation in any terrain, in any climate. Therefore, in the cabin there is a system that maintains a comfortable microclimate. Reviews say that working behind the wheel of BelAZ is quite comfortable.

Dump truck running gear

Suspension BelAZ-7540 - dependent for each bridge. It has pneumohydraulic cylinders filled with nitrogen and oil. Two of them are located on the front axle, two are on the rear axle. The stroke of the cylinder is from 205 to 265 mm.

Brake system

The BelAZ-7540 mining dump truck is equipped with a drum-type working brake system with a pneumatic drive. There is also a handbrake controlled from the passenger compartment. In addition, there is a spare and brake-retarder. The system has a separator for condensate discharge, which periodically accumulates in the air system of the truck.

Repair and service

Serving the machine when a certain number of hours worked. Carry out maintenance activities on a regular basis, because otherwise the car may fail. TO-1 is produced every 100 hours or 2 thousand kilometers of run. TO-2 - after 500 hours or 20 thousand kilometers. The cost of parts and components is very high and in the event of a breakdown, the repair of BelAZ-7540 can cost a considerable amount. But in general, the car is reliable, because it was designed to work in difficult conditions. Some models have been successfully used for 25 years without major repairs.