Biography of Garibaldi Giuseppe and interesting facts from life

What do we associate with Italy? Typically, this is leather shoes, majestic architecture and a powerful historical heritage. And besides, there is also a name inextricably linked with this country. And the name is Giuseppe Garibaldi.

The homeland of the figure

The man, recognized as the national hero of Italy, was born in Nice, today is the territory of France. As is the case with historical figures, Garibaldi Giuseppe came from a simple sailor's family, which could not but leave a mark on his biography. Being very young, he himself discovered the attachment to the sea and continued the family business, hiring on a ship and going to plow the expanses of the ocean.

Garibaldi Giuseppe was the second child in the family, but from childhood he was surrounded by care, trepidation and love, to which he reciprocated. As a child, the future national hero of Italy was strongly attached to his mother and subsequently, in his memoirs, with pride and some reverence called her "model woman."

As for the relationship with his father, Garibaldi Giuseppe preserved to him a special feeling of gratitude for everything that the old sailor had done for him. The popular favorite did not deny the fact that quite often his family found himself in a rather difficult situation, but his father always found a way to bring everything back to normal and solve the existing problems.

Education of the national hero

It is only natural that there could be no question of any fine upbringing in the seaman's family. Young Giuseppe never studied gymnastics and fencing, which was quite common in those days. Instead, physical training Garibaldi Giuseppe held on the ships, because he had helped his father from early childhood.

The only more or less traditional sport, which the future famous Italian managed to master in childhood, was swimming, which Giuseppe gave quite easily.

Training

The sciences taught the boy the clergy, which was quite common in Piedmont. However, it should be noted that in this respect he was more fortunate than the rest. First of all, we note that the education of the future national hero was paid very much attention to his elder brother, for whom it was extremely important to instill Giuseppe's love of science. He was also helped by his education and the officer Arena, who, in fact, taught the boy to love his country, language and culture.

It was Officer Arena who told him about the famous battles and greatness of Rome, about the hardships and hardships, conquests and accomplishments that befell Italy during its existence. It is quite obvious that Giuseppe Garibaldi, whose biography contains just a huge number of absolutely incredible facts, was brought up on the stories of his tutors.

Kind heart of the hero

Before moving on to the more mature segment of the biography of the people's favorite, it should be noted that he was always a person of a broad soul, capable of compassion and coming to the rescue on time if necessary. Even when he was eight years old, Giuseppe Garibaldi, whose biography abounds in such facts, saved the life of one of the local washerwomen who fell into a ditch for rinsing linen. A little later, driven by a thirst for adventure, the boy went on a boat to see Genoa in the company of three schoolmates. The idea of the guys was almost successful when they were caught by a ship sent by Father Giuseppe, who knew about the trick.

More than anything in the world, the boy loved his own country and the boundless sea - contrary to his father's hopes, he devoted all his youth to the ship business, and already at a very young age, he swore to die for the Fatherland.

Decisive turn

This irrepressible patriotism, born in early childhood in the heart of the boy, over time abruptly changed his fate. Giuseppe Garibaldi, whose brief biography can not accommodate half the adventures of the national hero, soon got tired of trading and routine trading. His mind and heart strove to live for the good of the Motherland.

That's why he left the usual case and went to Marseilles in 1831, where he met one of his best friends - Mazzini.

New friend

The young man with whom the hero of our narrative so simply found a common language turned out to be a native of a classical intelligent family - his father was a doctor and possessed quite clear and definite political views. It is only natural that he absorbed love for his country almost with his mother's milk.

Giuseppe Garibaldi and Giuseppe Mazzini simply could not help becoming friends - so similar were their views on the world and life in general. The young writer and the future national hero of Italy, hungry for freedom, quickly found a common language and were soon perceived as a single whole.

It should be noted that, at the time of his acquaintance with Giuseppe Garibaldi, Mazzini was already actively involved in political activities, heading several patriotic communities, including "Young Italy", where his new comrade first entered.

The first step towards revolution

The career of an activist and politician is almost inseparably linked with the movements led by his friend and inspirer. It was Mazzini who brought in Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italy for whom it was above all, to participate in the so-called Saint Julien expedition, which, incidentally, failed. Some brothers of conviction were then arrested, and for Garibaldi himself there was only one way out - immediate flight.

He returned briefly to his native Nice, but soon returned to Marseilles, where together with Mazzini was sentenced to death, which, fortunately, successfully escaped. What did Giuseppe Garibaldi expect later? A brief biography of the beginning politician tells that he spent some time in deep underground, after which he moved on to more active actions.

Start a pirate career

After the failure in Marseilles, the Italian went to Rio de Janeiro, where, having met Rossini, he was able to quickly equip the ship and collect a small crew. The ship, on board which under other goods was hidden a little weapons, was named after an old friend and inspirer - "Mazzini."

During one of the voyages to the sea, they met a golet who, without a fight, was captured and adapted to the needs of the activists. The crew of the ship did not suffer at the same time: after deciding to teach their team a lesson, Garibaldi dropped the passengers into the boat, provided them with provisions and was released near the island of St. Catherine. Mazzini was sunk for security reasons.

The Revolution of 1848

The resistance of Italy and Austria during this period was particularly strong. Giuseppe Garibaldi - an Italian revolutionary, patriot and activist - naturally could not stand aside and immediately offered his services to the then-ruling Karl Albert, but was refused. Instead, he had the opportunity to gather a detachment of volunteers and take part in the confrontation with the Austrians.

Having proven himself in the battles conducted by a brave and brave commander, he would soon have to yield and depart to Switzerland because of the significant numerical superiority of the enemy. It was then that he became a well-known figure in Italy, to whom he was equal. In response to the courage shown, Giuseppe Garibaldi was given the opportunity to lead the defense of the rebellious Sicily.

By the end of 1848, he entered the official service in Rome and was even elected to parliament. It was Giuseppe Garibaldi who owed Italy several victories over the French, who at that time besieged the city. No less successful were his attacks on the Neapolitans, which took place under Velletri and Palestine.

The lull in the life of Garibaldi

After several not very successful battles, the national hero had to temporarily emigrate to North America, from where he returned only in 1854. His wife Anita was not alive at that moment, and Garibaldi settled in Sardinia, choosing for himself a quiet, peaceful life, far from national ideals and formidable confrontations.

Participation in the association of Italy

It is quite natural that Giuseppe Garibaldi could not be satisfied with the quiet and inconspicuous activity for a long time, therefore, in May 1859 he met with Cavour, after which he spoke against the Austrian troops as a Sardinian general. Confrontation was very successful, and soon Garibaldi was going to go with his army to Rome, but his design was not crowned with success. Victor Emmanuel II, for fear of breaking the military partnership with Napoleon III, cut off this intention.

This had a strong influence on Garibaldi - he refused the rank of deputy and general of Sardinia, dissolved his troops, but urged the nearest soldiers to remain alert and ready to move to more active actions.

Self-conquest

The historical portrait of Garibaldi Giuseppe, formed to date, does not allow to allow even the thought that the activist and patriot abandoned his dream. Soon, in 1860, he hired 2 ships with a crew and left for Sicily, where without great losses he gained victory in the liberation battles. For a full sweep of the island from the invaders from Garibaldi took only 2 months, after which he continued his activities with even greater zeal.

Sicily was followed by the liberation of Naples, from where the troops of the former Sardinian general went to the south of Italy. In these battles also managed to win, and soon, February 18, 1861, the united lands were renamed Victor Emmanuel II in the Italian Kingdom.

For many followers of Giuseppe Garibaldi, such a decision was very unexpected - the lands conquered with such difficulty were immediately given to the Sardinian king, on which their future fate now directly depended.

Agitation activity

We are forced to talk briefly about the life and fate of Giuseppe Garibaldi, since they are limited to the scope of the article. However, we can not but note the fact that he was engaged not only in military affairs. Being a very educated man, capable of leading the masses, he was distinguished by pronounced diplomatic qualities.

In 1867, Garibaldi temporarily left the military field and sent to the north of Italy and the central regions of the country, acting as an agitator. During this period, the basis of his life is purely agitational activity, which in most cases is crowned with success.

Thanks to an active liberation policy and constant visits to the cities of the country, the portrait of Giuseppe Garibaldi becomes known to everyone and everyone, and they meet him as a national hero.

Continuation of battles

In 1871, the military career of the national hero of Italy once again goes up the hill. Giuseppe Garibaldi is engaged in a battle against the Prussian invaders, in which he wins, thanks to which he receives the post of deputy in France.

The difficult life of the national hero

Today Giuseppe Garibaldi's photo can be found in every history textbook, his biography has been studied almost thoroughly, he is loved and respected in Italy and respected in other countries of the world. It would seem that this man tasted fame in his lifetime, lived a bright, interesting life. But not everyone knows that there were very complicated and even unpredictable moments in it.

Speech in this case is not about the persecution and the numerous battles that his biography abounds, but about a simple everyday life ... Fate prepared for the national hero of Italy many tests.

For example, the first wife, Anna Ribeira de Silva, who gave him children, dies of malaria, while Garibaldi travels, participating in endless liberation battles. For the national hero this turned out to be quite a serious blow.

Over time, Garibaldi decides to marry a second time. His chosen one is the young Milanese countess Raimondi, whom, however, he throws almost at the altar. Family happiness did not happen in this case because of the child, whom the Italian liberator refused to recognize as his. Nevertheless, officially held marriage burdened Garibaldi for another 19 years, until it was terminated.

Almost immediately after gaining freedom, the Italian activist married for the third time. His chosen one had no high ranks, no great name, being a simple nurse of the little granddaughter Garibaldi.

Despite such a rich family experience and the presence of five children, Giuseppe Garibaldi died in perfect solitude, left by relatives and friends ...

Interesting Facts

By the way, Giuseppe Garibaldi became famous not only for his outstanding historical achievements. He managed to act as such a trendsetter. The expression "red-shirts" appeared precisely because of him. The thing is that the beloved garment of the Italian revolutionary was a red shirt that was complemented by a sombrero and a poncho. At first glance, this outfit might seem strange, but his team, inspired by the image of Garibaldi, quickly took over from him this style, thereby introducing fashion to red, visible from afar, shirts.

The Italian revolutionary proved himself not only as a talented diplomat, military leader and patriot, but managed to prove himself in the literary field, writing in his time a whole series of memoirs, thanks to which the multifaceted personality of Giuseppe Garibaldi became so clear and understandable to modern humanity.