Beria Lavrenty Palych: Strong personality in the history of the Soviet Union

The personality of the extremely controversial and controversial in the history of the USSR is Lavrenti Beria. His biography has acquired myths and legends, and much is still unknown. For 54 years he lived, he went a long way politician.

He was born in a peasant family in 1899 on the territory of modern Abkhazia. Thanks to the efforts of his parents, he studied at the Sukhumi Higher Primary School, and then went to Baku and entered the secondary construction technical and educational institution.

Already from 1915, while studying, Beria Lavrenti Palych was active in an underground Marxist circle, and in subsequent years he held various positions and carried out assignments of the Bolsheviks in the Caucasus. One of the main directions was counterintelligence work in Baku during the Turkish occupation.

At the same time, Beria Lavrenti Palych continued to study at the school and in 1919 received a diploma. And in 1917 he visited the Romanian front.

In the 1920s he worked actively in the state security bodies of Azerbaijan and Georgia. Here, at different times, he held rather large positions and leadership positions. During this period he took part in the suppression of the Menshevik uprising in Georgia, for which he was subsequently awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR.

In the thirties, Beria Lavrenti Palych switched to party work. Since 1932, he served as first secretary of the Transcaucasian Territory and the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Georgia. In 1937, during the period of mass terror, he took part in the repression of many Party workers of his country and Armenia, who were accused of conspiracy to detach Transcaucasia from the USSR.

In 1938 he first became a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and by the end of the year appointed a People's Commissar for Internal Affairs. He noted a sharp reduction in the scale of repression, and many were amnestied and released. However, according to some documents, in 1940, according to his order, Polish prisoners of war were shot on the territory of Ukraine and Belarus. Also, as commissar of internal affairs and head of state security Beria, Lavrenti Palych led mass deportations of representatives of various peoples, held in the 40s. Thus, under his leadership, Chechens, Ingush, Meskhetian Turks, Kurds, and Hemshins were resettled.

In the postwar years, Beria was appointed to lead the project to create Soviet nuclear weapons. After the successful testing of the atomic bomb at the Semipalatinsk test site in 1949, he was awarded the Stalin Prize.

In 1953, after Stalin died, he became head of the newly formed Ministry of Internal Affairs and the attached MGB, in addition, the first deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union. Positions and influence of Beria made him one of the main contenders for the post of head of state.

As head of the law enforcement agencies, Lavrenty Beria sought to strengthen his position. Already in the first months after Stalin's death, many cases were reviewed, including the notorious "doctors' case", and a large amnesty was also held.

In June 1953 at a meeting of the Council of Ministers of the USSR Khrushchev accused Beria of treason, after which the latter was arrested by a group of marshals headed by Zhukov and placed in custody. On December 23, 1953, he was shot.