Forms of insurance

Many refer to insurance with irony. And in vain. Insurance services offered to citizens make life much easier, guaranteeing compensation for unforeseen incidents and misfortunes. To the question: "From what do you insure?" Agents with a smile answer: "From everything." And really: you can insure absolutely everything, starting with your own life and business, ending with your favorite dog.

The forms of insurance are divided by law into two main forms: voluntary insurance and compulsory insurance .

Let's start with the binding. It is impossible to refuse this form of insurance. The initiator here is the state, obliging both legal entities and individuals to contribute a certain amount, going to ensure the interests of the public. As an example - a ticket for a bus or a train: insurance is already included in its price. If, God forbid, something will happen to you on the road, you will be able to make claims to the carrier, and he will be obliged, after the consideration of the case, to compensate the damage. Well, in general, the amount "withdrawn" from you when buying a ticket, goes to the above-mentioned public interests. With the help of a compulsory form of insurance, the state protects each individual insurer, as well as the entire society. Here, the legislative acts that provide for objects that are subject to this type of insurance work; Scope of responsibility; Norms of providing (with transfer of duties and rights of the parties); Tariff rates of payments, etc. The law also defines insurance organizations engaged in compulsory insurance.

In addition to this form of insurance there is also another, voluntary, representing a closed distribution of damages between members of the community, with established legal norms. Initiators here are individuals physical and legal, business entities. The main feature of this form of social insurance is voluntariness, confirmed by the contract between the insurer and the insured. Usually between them acts as an intermediary (broker, or agent). All the nuances are reflected in the insurance policy. The regulatory framework is created by insurance legislation. Terms and rules developed by the insurer must be licensed by the state supervision bodies.

Voluntary insurance, in contrast to the compulsory, has, in the first place, certain deadlines, which should be accurately reflected in the concluded contract (liability falls on the insurer only for the specified period). The contract is concluded only in writing and comes into force after payment of a certain amount (insurance premium). It should be noted: long-term insurance is associated with regular cash contributions (quarterly, monthly) and expires if contributions are not paid. Personal insurance, like property insurance, is a part of legal relations (civil) and enters into compensated contractual obligations. According to the agreement, one party pays a certain amount of contributions, and the other - is obliged to provide insurance services (to reimburse the consequences of insured events).

Insurance can be mutual, joint-stock, cooperative and state.

A special form is medical insurance, the purpose of which is to guarantee the receipt of medical assistance (according to, again, the insured event). Assistance is provided through the accumulation funds of municipal and state health systems. Subjects of insurance - the insurer, the insurer and medical institutions (polyclinics, hospitals, etc.).

Another independent industry is fire safety insurance, implemented in two main forms (voluntary and mandatory, conducted by enterprises and foreign legal entities that carry out entrepreneurial activities). Terms and procedure of insurance are established by the law of the Federation.