Beans: description, photo

Common beans - a plant from the family of legumes, which came to us from America. Currently, the culture is cultivated in all countries of the world and is able to adapt to any climatic conditions. Beans are demanding for fertile soils and like to grow in well-lit areas. According to its nutritional properties, it is considered an analog of meat.

general description

The description of the common bean can be divided into two points, because there are two main types of this cultivated plant.

Low-growing. Culture with a straight stem about 60 cm high. It is surrounded on all sides by long cuttings, on each of which 3 sheets are fastened. Inflorescence is formed in almost every sinus. The palette of flowers of this plant is gradually replenished due to the introduction of new varieties of seed beans. Its flowering begins in June and ends in August, depending on its classification.

Winding. During flowering, the common bean can turn a garden plot into a greenhouse. Particularly beautiful are the rows of a tied curly culture. Stems twine ropes or trellis and reach a length of up to 4 meters. Fruits are hanging, like a stunted plant. This type of bean is more rational, since it does not take up much space.

Detailed description

Organs of common bean: stem, root, leaves, flowers, pods and seeds. The detailed characteristic varies slightly due to varieties and a large number of plant varieties.

Stem. Grassy stem, which after reaching a certain maturity of the bush rustles near the root system. It can be green, purple, gray and pinkish. In the bush bean, the stem branches.

Root. The root system of the bean can not be called powerful. Most of the main roots are located in the upper soil layer, but only some reach its depths. Individual branches branch into the soil by about 1 meter.

Leaves. Very diverse, depending on the bean variety. In cultures that have a dark color of seeds, the petioles are purple and the leaves are darker. The leaf itself is heart-shaped and covered with a barely perceptible fuzz.

Flowers. Are located in pairs on peduncles forming separate brushes. Inflorescences come in purple, pink, white, purple and bright orange. Individual flowers resemble the shape of a moth.

Pods. In the axils of the leaves, after the flowers fall, beans begin to tie, mostly green. They can have both a straight and an oblong shape.

Seeds. Oval fruit bodies are seated in grooves on the leaves of 3-5 pieces.

Useful fruits

The fruits of ordinary beans are interesting because they are used as wasteless raw materials. Here are 2 areas of application of fruits of an annual culture.

Food. Many have become accustomed to the fact that the edible part of the bean is only the seeds. But few people know that the leaf of the plant can also be eaten. Some bean varieties are grown for this purpose. From young beans prepare dishes, without taking out the inside. They are simply cut and then used to prepare various recipes. This allows the human body to replenish the supply of useful elements, both from the outer part of the beans, and from its internal contents.

Useful substances that make up the wings: choline, betoin, lysine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, flavones, asparamin, hemicellulose and a complex of macro- and microelements.

Medicine. Dried leaves enter the herbal formulations of pharmacy fees. Basically, these are blood products.

As a folk remedy, the valves are used to treat diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, dropsy, hypertension and certain kidney diseases.

Practice is the use of bean flour for the treatment of eczema and other skin diseases.

Benefits of bean seeds

The variety of bean seeds is simply amazing. This is their size, and their color. Seeds come in white and black. There is a bean with specks and all sorts of divorces.

Plant seeds can be called a balanced product. Knowledgeable people classify them as meat dishes. The reason for this is the content of the amount of proteins equal to meat. The presence of fats and carbohydrates characterizes the fruits of the plant as an essential vital product. Saccharides, starch and dietary fibers betray the universality of the benefits of seeds.

The composition of useful substances: iron, phosphorus, arginine, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, vitamins PP, E and B group.

The use of ordinary beans in food strengthens the body as a whole, normalizes the heart rate, reduces the risk of respiratory diseases.

The presence of fiber has a positive effect on the work of the intestine.

Since beans have a good effect on the skin, it is part of some cosmetics.

How to cook beans

The fruits of the grain beans are quite solid. Before preparing them you must first soak for 3-4 hours. Boil until soft on low heat.

To speed up the cooking process, periodically pour cold water until the bean is ready. You can make mashed potatoes from it.

Plant seeds can be preserved. They can also be fried and stewed, before they are cooked until half cooked.

Black Eyed Peas

Asparagus beans are similar in composition to common beans. Thanks to the content of microelements and vitamins, the plant brings tremendous benefits to human health. Some differences:

• The quality that shows how the asparagus beans differ from ordinary beans is the color of the pods. If at the first they have a green color in different tones, then the second has a wider range of colors. Asparagus beans are found in purple, black, yellow and green tones.
• What color will have the pods, depends on the inflorescence. White flowers give a yellow pod, yellow - green, violet - lilac, and red - with reddish divorces.
• Asparagus beans have a slightly different form of beans. They are narrow and small.
• The difference of a bush of asparagus beans from a bean ordinary consists in its plentiful and dense greens. Beans hanging in large quantities on strong stems with a length of 3 to 4 meters.
• If you remove the beans a little before the time, then this will be followed by another wave of inflorescences and the appearance of the pods.
• In case of delay in harvesting, you do not need to worry that the fruits are coarsened. They remain oily and tender in taste and do not lose their useful qualities.
• The difference between the asparagus beans is that it can be eaten raw. Milk seeds come along with the flaps.

By their properties, the fruits of the asparagus beans are the owners of nutrients, but at the same time contain few calories. This is in the hands of those who want to lose weight, but do not stay hungry.

In the photo with ordinary beans and asparagus, which are attached to this article, one can see the external differences of these cultures.

How to cook asparagus beans

Since in the main dishes are prepared from young pods, it is most often frozen. In such conditions, it retains its useful properties.

Some housewives slice young pods of beans before frost and cook them.

Beans are sometimes left on the bushes until fully ripe. Then the seeds are extracted, dried and stored until winter. Prepare them the same way as conventional beans.

Contraindications

A useful product can be harmful for diseases such as colitis, stomach ulcers, gastritis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis.

When exacerbating intestinal diseases, beans are especially undesirable. It promotes the formation and accumulation of gases.

It is of great importance in what quantities useful seeds are used for food. Perhaps, with some of the listed diseases in small portions, it will be acceptable. It is necessary to consult a doctor in such matters. Do not forget that the bean is rich in useful substances and strengthens weakened immunity.

Conclusion

In the bean ordinary is all the necessary substances for human life. The use of such a product will help enrich the diet and increase its efficiency. People who do not really like the taste of beans need to reconsider their preferences. There are many different recipes that can change its taste.