Arctic char: photos of fish, description, cultivation, fishing

Despite the active industrial activity of man, the underwater fauna on the Earth is still quite diverse. The species of fish that live in the seas and lakes, on the planet there is simply a huge amount. They are inhabited by natural water bodies not only in hot and warm, but also in cold regions. For example, one of the varieties of fish that prefer the polar regions is the Arctic char. The distribution of this fish is very wide. It inhabits mainly in the Arctic Ocean.

What are the varieties

арктического гольц а является то, что он отличается выраженной экологической пластичностью. One of the features of the cold Arctic arctic golts is that it has a pronounced ecological plasticity. The dimensions, and in some cases also the biological characteristics of this fish, depend on the particular pond in which it lives. северного г ольца. There are basically three varieties of northern goltsa. These fish can be lake, canal or lake-river.

The largest view: description

фото арктического гольца проходной формы наглядно показывают, насколько эта рыба может быть крупной. The photos of the arctic holtz of the passing form presented below in the article clearly show how this fish can be large. Representatives of this particular species in nature reach the largest sizes. 88 см, а вес - 15 кг. The length of the body of adults of this form can reach 88 cm, and weight - 15 kg. голец проводит в океане. Most of life passes through the ocean in the ocean. However, this fish, like many other salmonids, spawns in the lower reaches of the rivers.

This representative of the underwater fauna looks impressive enough. The body at the passing char is torpedo-shaped. The color of the scales in this fish varies from steel to light silver. The main distinguishing feature of the loach is the presence of a bluish pearly strip on the back. On the sides of this fish, rare light spots are clearly visible.

рктического гольца ча сто становится оранжевым. During spawning, when entering the belly of the males, the arctic char is often orange. The same color is obtained and light spots on the sides.

Range of propagation type distribution

In the Arctic Ocean this form of char is inhabited everywhere. There are huge populations of this fish, for example in the area of the Kola Peninsula, Spitsbergen, off the coast of Alaska. арктический голец и в Тихом океане. There is also an arctic char in the Pacific Ocean. Here the fishermen call him the boy.

Lake varieties

Thus, the passage form of the char is primarily distinguished by its large dimensions. The lake varieties of this fish are classified into large, small and dwarfish. All these forms live in natural fresh water bodies, in the cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Large Arctic loaches have a body length of approximately 35-45 cm. In appearance, these fish are somewhat like stream trout. The weight of large loaches is usually 450-500 grams.

Small lake varieties can reach a length of 240-370 mm. Weigh such loach approximately 150-450 grams. Dwarf lake forms have a body length of only 170-150 mm. They weigh 50-130 grams.

Outwardly, the loaches of all these types are very similar to the pass-through form. However, the strip on their back is usually not bluish, but olive or greenish. In small and dwarfish forms, as well as in juveniles large, on the sides, among other things, transverse dark bands are also clearly visible.

Features of food

All the species of this northern fish have well developed teeth on the jaws and the sky. Passing loaches, as well as large ones, eat mostly live fish. They can hunt, for example, a grayling or an ordinary minnow. With pleasure representatives of large forms eat their own young, as well as Siberian char. Small and dwarf species in the wild mainly feed on plankton. However, their diet can vary greatly depending on the surrounding conditions.

Spawning of fish

рктические гольцы мечут обычно осенью. Arctic calves usually spawn in autumn. And they do this, unfortunately, not every year. Passage forms in some cases can spawn in spring (according to unverified data). Lake larvae from time to time lay eggs in June. But nevertheless, almost always this fish spawns in September-October. The coloring of lake males during this period, as well as in the passageways, becomes brighter. The belly and spots become orange.

Passage forms, as already mentioned, for spawning in large flocks go to the lower reaches of rivers. The juveniles that appeared later on live and live on the hatching site for about 4 years. рктические голь цы уходят в океан. After this, the young, passive arctic golts go to the ocean. They do this usually in the summer.

The timing of sexual maturity in this fish depends on the specific form. 4-10 лет. Dwarf and small loach can begin to lay eggs at the age of 4-10 years. Large and transitional forms of puberty reach later - at the age of 8-13 years.

Can I catch it?

гольца арктического довольно-таки широк. The distribution of Arctic char is quite wide. However, despite this, it refers to the category of rare and endangered fish. этого гольца могут быть и значительными. In lakes of hard-to-reach areas of the taiga and tundra, the populations of this char can be considerable. Unfortunately, in the BAM zone, in our country, as well as in the areas of geological exploration and gold mining of this fish, unfortunately, is becoming less and less. In some localities in lakes and rivers, its populations due to uncontrolled fishing are almost completely eliminated.

In order to preserve the population, in Russia they even introduced the arctic char in the Red Book. That is, we can not extract this fish in our country either by industrial or amateur methods.

Where to catch

а северного г ольца в России, таким образом, нельзя. It is therefore impossible to fish in the northern part of Russia in Russia. Below, we will consider in detail the ways of catching it. But only for general development and for the reader to have an idea of how it is produced in other countries.

я д особенностей. Fishing for arctic char is characterized by a number of features. To catch him, first of all you should know about where he lives. The fish is northern. Therefore, even its lake forms prefer cold and very pure water. можно встретить в основном лишь в ледниковых озерах высоко в горах. Because of this feature on the mainland, this char is found mainly only in glacial lakes high in the mountains. Sometimes you can see this fish in the plains. In this case, the habitat of the char is most often foothill lakes. обычно все же бывает слишком теплой. But here the water for him is usually still too warm. Therefore, in foothill lakes this fish lives most often only at very deep depths - up to 30 meters.

Ways of fishing

арктического голь ца чащ е всего именно в озерах. Of course, ordinary fishermen get the arctic goal in the lakes most of the time. In the Arctic Ocean, his fishing is not conducted either amateur or industrial methods. In the mountain lakes, this representative of the underwater world is fishing from the shore and from boats. In such reservoirs the char is very often raised in search of food to the very surface of the water. In the foothill lakes where this fish lives only at great depth, it is necessary to extract it, of course, only with the help of special water crafts.

What are the tools used?

For catching arctic char, both natural and artificial baits can be used. Very well this fish reacts to an example, on ordinary plastic nymphs. The last for the char is often made in the form of a bloodworm of green, black or red color. From natural bait, this fish bites well, for example, on warts and pieces of fish meat.

In addition to nymphs, as artificial lures for northern charlets, the following can be used:

• Rotating spinners and "spoons";

• Snapping with dead fish;

• Wobblers and wavering spoons;

• Streamers and spinning baits;

• Dry "flies".

рекомендуется применять светлые или даже фосфорицирующие приманки. When catching at a depth in lowland lakes, it is recommended to use light or even phosphorous baits for this fish . Such gear in the dark are well visible and usually attract char. Catch in this case can really be great.

и арктического гольца исп ользуются и сложные виды оснастки. Very often for mining and arctic char are used and complex types of rigging. Simply excellent, according to many anglers, it goes, for example, on tackles with lateral connections. It is recommended to use them on the most famous goltsovyh places - in the mountain craters.

Do they breed this fish?

тический г олец в настоящее время, к сожалению, практически не выращивается. In our country, artificially , the arctic goat is now, unfortunately, practically not grown. However, large fishing companies of some Scandinavian countries, as well as of England, breed it in large enough numbers. северного г ольца не занимаются, в этом плане он все же считается рыбой достаточно перспективной. Although we do not cultivate the Northern Goltz in our country , in this respect it is still considered a promising fish. It is possible that soon domestic farmers will pay attention to it.

In addition, the breeding of this fish for Russia is a matter to some extent even traditional. северного гольца выращивали , к примеру, монахи, проживающие на берегах Ладожского озера. Once upon a time the northern char was cultivated , for example, by monks living on the shores of Lake Ladoga. This fish was used as, in fact, for the kitchens in the monasteries themselves, and for sale to near and distant cities.

Growing Arctic char: features

Actually, the very technology of breeding this fish is determined, of course, primarily by the biological characteristics of its body. This representative of the underwater fauna inhabits, as already mentioned, at a considerable depth. х арктического гольца чаще всего выращивают практически без освещения. Therefore, in artificial reservoirs of arctic char, they are most often grown almost without lighting. 50 lux for this fish in most cases is enough.

The ability to live without lighting from all farmed fish is inherent, in fact, just the arctic char. Other salmons, for example, in the dark not only do not develop, but often die.

Water in the cages and pools during the breeding of this fish is most often used in the sea. я арктический голец мо жет и в пресной. But I can develop well the arctic char in the fresh water. The density of fish in cages is usually 10 kg / m ³ . In such conditions, males reach commercial weight on the 18th month, females - on the 28th. The proportion of mature individuals when growing with the application of this regime in the herd is usually 10%.

ы рыбу арктический голец с одержат при температуре 3-4 градуса. When using sea water , the Arctic char will fish at a temperature of 3-4 degrees. Fresh for him can be applied and warmer. In this case, it is recommended to grow fish in water with a temperature of 7-13 degrees.

рктического гольца смесью из мороженой рыбы, боенских отходов, мясокостной и хвойной муки в процентном соотношении 70:17:1:0,5. Feed the Arctic char with a mixture of frozen fish, boenskih waste, meat and bone and coniferous flour in a percentage ratio of 70: 17: 1: 0.5. Also in the mass can be added feed for carp (12.5%).

Interesting facts about the fish: the game on the net

Despite the fact that the Northern Golets are rare species, many modern people, including young people, know about it. The fact is that there is a popular multiplayer game "Russian Fishing" on the Net. Arctic char is one of her characters. Users of this game should catch as much fish as possible, focusing on its habits and using the right bait.