All-wheel drive car - all roads of the world are open

Cars of high terrain were always of special interest. It equally affects the history of their appearance, the technical device, the test results and all kinds of rallies with their participation. Especially since the number of cars that are classified as "jeep", i.e. Increased patency, is constantly growing. In many cases, with respect to such cars there are established cliches and beliefs, and they often do not correspond to the present idea of what an all-wheel drive car is.

It is believed that these cars first appeared in the army. However, this is not Quite the way, or rather, not at all. The very first was a racing all-wheel drive car, created under Amsterdam in 1903 to participate in the Paris-Madrid rally. Naturally, it did not take into account everything that became the norm for machines of this class for more than a hundred years (blocking of differentials, correct weighting by axes, etc.), it was complicated in control and not safe in motion, which is not surprising For the first representative of the all-wheel drive car.

The cars with such a drive were of interest to the military, and subsequent new all-wheel drive cars were made according to their orders. In this regard, one of the famous manufacturers was the American firm Mormon-Herrington, famous for the conversion of ordinary trucks into all-wheel drive. Attempts were also made to obtain passenger cars of increased cross-country capability, again on the orders of the military. They held a tender in the USA before the Second World War, as a result of which the first serial all-wheel-drive vehicle appeared, "Bantam BRC 40", a prototype of the well-known "Willis" in the future.

Since that time , many types of SUVs have appeared in the past , as such cars have come to be known, but in most cases they have only indirect relation to real jeeps. The classic version of a car belonging to this class has:

-down transmission;

- permanent all-wheel drive ;

-lock the interaxle and inter-wheel differential.

It has now become quite rare. It was replaced by a variety of modifications and simulations, including the use of electronics. The natural result of the described approach to the construction of an all-wheel-drive car became a significant number of cars standing at the curb and unable to move along the scarcely broken road, although they are all considered off-road cars.

Here it is worth noting that these all-wheel-drive cars require a very precise, we can say, jewelry management, especially at corners and when maneuvers are carried out. This is due to the fact that such a car can behave like a front-wheel drive, with its inherent understeer, and as a rear-wheel drive, with excessive steering when making maneuvers. Most often this is possible on a winding road when driving at high speed, which is caused by the design features of the all-wheel drive, and therefore the management of such a vehicle requires a driver of high professional training.

Returning to the history of the triumphal procession of cross-country vehicles all over the world, it is worth It should be noted that similar GAZ-64 all-wheel drive vehicles appeared in the USSR in 1941 and represented a copy of the famous "bantik" - "Bantam BRC 40", although the designers also had their own version of an off-road vehicle. However, all these variants of the construction of an all-terrain vehicle were realized in the future, and at the first stage the country's leadership demanded to repeat the "Bantam BRC 40" and begin its serial production.

The all-wheel drive car as one of popular and demanded kinds of motor vehicles makes a considerable part from an available park of similar cars, and their number constantly grows. Advantages of such a vehicle and those opportunities that are provided to its owner, more than cover the costs and some inconveniences associated with the operation of such a car.