When and how to sow pepper on seedlings?

Pepper is one of the most popular crops among our Russian truck farmers. The fruits of this plant are remarkable for their unique taste. They are rich in vitamins and minerals. Peppers are used to make fresh and canned salads, they are stuffed, put in soups and borsch. In nursing, this remarkable culture is not particularly whimsical and resistant to diseases. Complexities in the beginner gardener can arise only when growing seedlings. The technology of obtaining strong plants on the windowsill has some peculiarities. Grow vegetables a little differently than other garden crops.

When to plant pepper on seedlings

The beginning gardener must take into account the fact that at the beginning of growth, pepper develops extremely slowly. Therefore, it is necessary to plant its seeds early enough. Before carrying the seedlings of this crop, it should grow in boxes of at least 70-90 days. If tomatoes and aubergines in the central part of Russia sow in the middle-end of March, then pepper should be planted in late February - in the 20-th. In the southern regions of the country, seedlings can be laid earlier - at the beginning of the month.

The answer to the question, when planting pepper on seedlings, depends on the variety of this plant. Some varieties can be sown early. This pepper is less sensitive to lack of lighting. But still before February 15, planting seedlings is not recommended.

What you should know about

The question of how to sow pepper on seedlings and take care of it correctly is reduced to compulsory adherence to some important recommendations on the cultivation of this crop in the early stages of development. Strong, healthy, potentially yielding plants in boxes can be obtained only under the following conditions:

• Observance of the correct temperature regime. Sharp cooling or overheating of plants can not be allowed in any case. Otherwise, the stalk of pepper stiffens and ceases to grow in thickness. This will greatly affect yields. You should not allow the temperature to drop below +13 degrees. Otherwise, the development of seedlings will stop.
• Observance of caution when picking. The roots of the pepper are very delicate and easily broken. Deepen it when carried in cups to cotyledons, like seedlings of other crops, it is impossible. This plant is very sensitive to root rot. Deep peppers become ill and begin to lag behind in growth.
• Sprinkling of sprouts should be moderate. Pepper does not tolerate drying and painfully reacts to overflows.

That is, for the successful cultivation of seedlings of this crop, one should simply provide the plants with uniform conditions without sudden changes and stresses.

Variety choice

Of course, a beginner gardener should not only know how to sow pepper for seedlings, but what sort of a better choice in this or that case. In our country, we can grow both early varieties of this culture, intended for salads and canning, as well as early and late. The most popular among domestic dacha owners are the following varieties:

• Atlant. These are medium-sized peppers, intended for growing both in the open ground and in greenhouses.
• Early-throated Thick Baron with very sweet fruits. The growing season for this variety is short. Therefore, it is not necessary to sow it in February. You can plant seedlings, even in early March.
• Eskimo F1. Very early pepper with a large bush and thick walls of fruit.
• The star of the east is golden F1 - a very fruitful early hybrid.
• Isabella F1 is a mid-ripening variety with a very powerful and compact bush.

Late pepper varieties, such as Night F1, Paris F1 and others, are usually grown only in the southern regions of the country, that is, where warm weather is at least until the middle of autumn.

Seed selection

With the question, when to plant pepper on seedlings and what grade to choose, we have figured it out. Next, let's talk about how to properly prepare the planting material of this culture. Of course, the seeds of pepper must first be selected. Planting material purchased in the store is usually quite high quality - practically all the seeds from the sachets germinate. If they were collected in the fall on their own, sorting should be done. To do this, pour into the glass 4% solution of common table salt and dip the seeds into it for a couple of hours. Empty, non-similar grains simply float to the surface. They need to be collected and discarded. Heavy seeds with embryos will sink to the bottom of the glass. They are taken out and dried on a piece of thin clean cloth.

How correctly to pickle seeds of peppers

This procedure, like planting pepper seeds for seedlings, will be much more successful in the case of pre-treatment of grains with fungicides. Etching will prevent the development of various kinds of viral and fungal diseases. For processing, the selected pepper seeds are placed in a gauze pouch. Then a solution of the fungicide is poured into the jar. It can be, for example, "Fitosporin-M", "Maxim", "Vitaros", etc. Soaking is performed according to the instructions attached to the drug. You can also not spend on expensive enough funds and just treat the seeds with a dense solution of potassium permanganate for half an hour.

After pickling, the planting material should be thoroughly rinsed without removing it from the bag.

Growth stimulants

When you sow pepper on seedlings, you now know. It is better to do it in February. However, it is possible to obtain an early harvest even at later planting dates. If, for some reason, seeding has been carried out with a delay, the seeds should be pretreated with stimulants of growth. In order for plants to develop well in the future, it is possible to soak the planting material, for example, in Epin (at 12 o'clock). If this drug is not at hand, you can replace it with a solution of wood ash. It contains a lot of micronutrients useful for pepper. To prepare in a liter jar with warm water add 2 g of ash and insist the resulting solution within 24 hours. Seeds are soaked in it for 3 hours.

Germination in gauze

Before performing such an operation as planting pepper seeds on seedlings, the latter should be germinated, since this culture develops very slowly in the early stages. To do this, in a warm place lay a sheet of plywood and cover it with a piece of soft, water-soaked cloth. Top seeds of pepper. Next, they put a second wetted flap on them. During the next seven days, carefully make sure that the fabric does not dry out. After about a week, seeds will appear on the seeds. All further actions with the planting material should be carried out as accurately as possible. The shoots of the seeds are very tender and easy to break.

After germination, such a procedure as preparation of pepper seeds for seedlings, can be considered complete. At the next stage they start landing.

Soil Preparation

Of course, only on a very nutritious and with this friable earth can be grown strong sprouts of pepper. Photos of well-developed plants obtained by using suitable soil, you can see on this page. While seeds of peppers germinate, it is possible to be engaged in preparation of boxes under them. Tanks before filling the soil should be carefully treated with a solution of potassium permanganate. Soil mixture can be bought at the store. It is necessary to purchase land intended specifically for pepper. It will be nice to add some sand (0.5 parts to 3 parts of the soil). If desired, you can prepare the soil mixture yourself.

A good seedling of peppers can be grown on a soil of the following composition: 3 parts of humus or oily garden land, 2 parts of peat and 1 part of sand. All the ingredients are best prepared from the fall, filling up in bags.

The question of how to grow a good seedling of pepper is reduced to the correct processing of the finished soil. Soil mixture, among other things, it is necessary to steamed in a double boiler or shed a weak solution of potassium permanganate to remove contagion. It is desirable to perform this procedure with purchased soil. Some manufacturers produce not too high quality soil mixture, infected with various viruses and bacteria.

In the boxes themselves must be drainage holes. Install the containers in a shaded warm place on pallets. Soil is covered in such a way that the distance to the edge of the sides of the boxes from its surface is approximately 2 cm.

Planting of seeds

So, how to sow pepper on seedlings correctly? Let's look at this in more detail.

In addition, before sowing it is necessary to prepare pieces of polyethylene or glass. They are necessary to prevent the drying of the soil before the emergence of peppers. Plywood with sprouted seeds is placed next to the boxes. Landing is very accurate. Seize the seeds best with tweezers. Place them on the surface of the ground not too often. The distance between the seeds should be at least 2 cm. The peppers do not like shading and thickening.

After all the seeds have been decomposed, they are sprinkled with a soil mixture of approximately 1.5 cm thick. Next, the planted peppers are gently poured with water at room temperature from the spray gun. The boxes are covered with glass or polyethylene. In the future, it will be necessary to ensure that the soil does not dry out.

Observance of all the technologies described above is a good answer to the question of how to properly plant pepper seedlings. Too much to deepen the plants is not worth it. There is a pepper coming and so long enough - two, and sometimes three weeks.

The appearance of sprouts

As soon as the loops are visible above the surface of the ground, the boxes should be rearranged to the window sills. Since the light day in February-early March is still very short, it is advisable to arrange additional lighting for the pepper. Lamps with the necessary for the beginning of processes of photosynthesis spectrum to find in our time is not difficult. In addition, and this equipment is not very expensive. Of course, the glass or film from the boxes should be removed.

Watering of a small seedling of pepper is produced in the morning by tap water, which is constant during the day.

Dive

It is best to replace the grown plants with plastic cups. They can be grown very strong and healthy seedling peppers. The timing of picking is determined by the degree of development of the plant. Produce a transplant after 2-3 papilla leaves appear on the peppers. In glasses, plants will master the soil much better than in boxes.

Produce the pick as follows:

• The day before the operation, the seedlings in the boxes are well poured.
• The plants are pinched by the finger and taken out, gently supporting behind the leaf blades, and not behind the fragile stalk.
• In cups filled with soil mixes of the same composition as in the boxes, previously make holes of this diameter so that the rootlets of the peppers do not bend.
• Plant planted in the hole sprinkled with soil mixture, slightly sealing it. When performing this procedure, care must be taken to ensure that peppers are not buried in the ground above the root neck (in any case, not more than 0.5 cm).
• Transplanted plants are watered.
• Glasses are installed next to the windowsills, they need to be shaded. After the peppers are taken, they are transferred closer to the light.

You can remove the main root from the peppers, but not necessarily. Some agronomists believe that such a procedure is capable of inflicting more damage on the plant than good. The fact is that for the delivery of nutrients in pepper, as in most other cultures, it is the main core root that is responsible. But the rapid development of lateral processes of special benefit to plants will not bring.

How to feed?

After about two months, pepper seedling (photos of grown plants you can see below) recycles the soil mixture practically completely. Therefore, after this period, it should start to feed. For the first time fertilizers are brought in after a while after the performance of the pick. In the second - after about a couple of weeks.

The best kinds of podkormok for pepper are liquid mixtures with a high content of potassium (for example, "Rastvorin" or "Senor tomato"). You can also fertilize plants with a weak solution of ash or a tincture of chicken manure diluted in water in a proportion of not less than one to twenty.

Plant transshipment

Hardening of peppers starts somewhat later than other garden crops. These plants develop, as already mentioned, at the first stages rather slowly. After the tomatoes and aubergines are put on the balcony or taken to the dacha, pepper seedlings can be poured into glasses or pots of greater capacity. Do this procedure carefully, trying not to damage and not bend the roots. Take peppers from glasses exclusively together with a clod of the earth.

Landing time in open ground

With that, when to sow pepper on seedlings, we have understood. In the ground, it is transferred approximately 70-90 days after planting in boxes. The soil in the garden should warm up to at least +15 degrees. Usually the transplant is done from May 10 to June 25. On the plants by this time there should already be about 10 leaves, as well as a few unexplored buds. It is impossible to delay the planting of this crop. Blanched pepper is much worse. In addition, the buds that have opened can simply dry up. Of course, this will affect the yield.

Like most other nightshade plants, peppers do not tolerate freezing too well. Therefore, over the beds, it is necessary to install arcs from thick wire or polypropylene thin pipes and to tighten the resulting frame with some non - woven covering material.

How to properly plant pepper seedlings in the ground

The day before the transfer, the plants are carefully spilled. The beds are prepared in a well sunlit area, protected from strong winds. Lack of light will affect the crop. A strong wind will "blend" and weaken the plants.

When we dealt with the question of how to sow pepper properly, we mentioned that this crop is best on loose soils. Heavy soils, meanwhile, are not tolerated not only by young bushes, but also by adults.

If there is no plot with loose fertile soil in the garden, the soil must be improved by adding humus, peat and sand. As fertilizer, it is recommended to use ashes (1 item per 1 m2), superphosphate and potassium sulfate (1 tablespoon per 1 m²), as well as urea (1 tsp per 1 m²).

Dredged land for beds under the pepper on the bayonet spade. The surface of the ground should be carefully leveled. Large lumps are broken by rakes, stones from the bed are removed.

Density is what the pepper seedling does not tolerate. The planting period for this plant is late May or early June. Arrange the peppers on the bed in rows at a distance of not less than 50 cm from each other. The width of the rows should be 60 cm. The plant is carefully removed from the glass together with the clod of earth, set in place so that the root neck remains on the surface, and fill the hole halfway with a moist soil. Pour dry soil.

After all the pepper is planted, the garden bed is mulched with sawdust or dry grass. Then produce abundant watering.

Disembarkation in the greenhouse

In a closed ground, plants are planted approximately the same way as in the open. Only the timing of the transfer is different. If the greenhouse is heated, the boxes can be placed in it already in the middle of spring. After adaptation, the plants are moved to a permanent place. Seedling of pepper in the greenhouse should also be well-fertilized. It is best to shed the ground with a solution prepared on chicken litter (200 grams per bucket of water of 1.5 liters per plant).

So, we with you in detail have understood with how and when to plant pepper on sprouts. This culture is not particularly whimsical, and care of it is simple. However, it is still necessary to observe the laid-down technologies when growing it. In particular, you need to be careful when picking, transshipping and carrying in open ground. Too deepen the plants, and to allow damage to the roots can not be.