"Voevoda" (missile): characteristics of the intercontinental ballistic missile

"Voevoda" is a missile that belongs to heavy-class intercontinental missiles and was developed in Ukraine. The complex was created for the defeat of different types of targets, which are protected by modern missile defense systems, and they are used in the conditions of any battles.

Missile forces - the power of Russia

The strategic missile forces are special, as they are the main component of the strategic nuclear forces of the country. The main task of missile systems is to deter possible aggression and to hit enemy strategic objects with different types of strikes. As part of the missile forces of Russia's special purpose, three missile armies and 12 missile formations. Armament of the complexes is 6 types of missiles of the 4th and 5th generations, three of which are based in mines, three - have mobile ground-based.

The most powerful missile system in the world is considered to be the ballistic missile "Voevod". It is capable of delivering about 10 combat blocks with a mass of 8 tons for a distance of up to 11.5 thousand kilometers. Its technical characteristics are much better than the most powerful American complexes.

How the tests were conducted

The first tests of the missile complex occurred in 1986 - they were conducted at Baikonur. And in a couple of years the complex was adopted for service, after which it was tested with the use of different types of combat equipment. "Voevoda" is a missile that is considered to be one of the most powerful intercontinental ones. The technological equipment of the complex is not equal among analogues around the world, and a high level of tactical and technical characteristics serves as a guarantee that with the help of the missile it is possible to easily maintain military-strategic parity.

It is worth noting that the Voevoda was not easy to test, because only 43 of the 43 successful launches were successful. And the very first start ended in an accident: the missile, coming out of the mine, fell back into the trunk, there were no casualties. But the subsequent tests were safe and successful, and "Voevoda" (also known as "Satan") was recognized as one of the most reliable in the world. It is planned that the missile will be in service as early as 2022, and then the replacement of the Voevod missile with a modern intercontinental ballistic missile Sarmat is expected.

Main Objectives

During the development of the manufacturers pursued the goal to provide a qualitatively new level of TTX and high combat effectiveness. As a result, the Voevod intercontinental ballistic missile was developed in the following directions:

1. Increased survivability of the PU and CP.
2. Ensured the stability of combat control in any conditions of use of the complex.
3. Operational capabilities for re-use of missiles were expanded, in particular, when firing at unplanned target designations. The speed of the Voevoda rocket and the time of launch from full combat readiness amazes the performance - no other missile system in the world can match them.
4. Stability of the rocket in flight to the damaging factors from the ground and high-altitude nuclear explosions was ensured.
5. The autonomy of the complex increased.
6. The warranty period for the operation of the rocket launcher increased .

The Voevoda complex is a missile that is reliable in terms of operation and survivability several times greater than many missile systems.

What are the features?

During the tests, the rocket gained greater resistance to various influences. Combat application of the complex has become more effective and more efficient due to several factors:

1. The accuracy of the complex was increased by 1.3 times.
2. Charges of higher power were used.
3. The area of the breeding zone of combat blocs increased by 2.3 times.
4. The complex is launched from different modes.
5. The Voyevoda nuclear missile began operating three times longer in autonomous mode.
6. The time for combat readiness was halved.

Thanks to the equipment of the complex with progressive technical solutions, he began to possess the best energy capabilities.

Depreciation system

The development of the missile system was based on the achievements of the past using the maximum available engineering facilities, communications and systems. As a consequence, Voevoda is a rocket that is highly efficient, operates on liquid fuel, is fully ampulized and is designed to target critical targets in a range of ranges. The development of the missile was carried out according to a two-stage scheme, in which the stages and systems were sequentially located, distributing the basic elements of the equipment. The power capabilities of the complex were increased due to several factors:

1. The characteristics of the engine were improved, and an optimal scheme of turning off the remote control was introduced.
2. In the cavity of fuel, the propulsion system of the II stage was completed.
3. The aerodynamic characteristics were improved.

The engine installation of the dilution is a four-chamber LPRE, which is equipped with rotary combustion chambers - they are advanced in flight to the working position. The rocket also uses a universal liquid system, which has become the key to the fast and high-quality assembly of the complex at the plant.

Management Features

The Voevod intercontinental ballistic missile has a controlled combat unit, which has the form of a biconical body and has minimal aerodynamic resistance. The missile control system was designed in such a way that several targets were achieved at once:

1. Workability was provided after the effects of a nuclear explosion in flight.
2. The fighting units were maximally precise.
3. We used a direct method of guidance, which does not require the preparation of a special flight mission.
4. Remote targeting is provided.

Especially for solving these problems, the missile is equipped with a powerful on-board computer system. The "Voivode" rocket, whose characteristics inspired fear, is characterized by unique combat and operational indicators. All the characteristics of the complex are confirmed by numerous tests in the air and on the ground. The rocket launches showed that it is reliable.

The most powerful in the world

"Voevoda" is a missile complex, which entered combat duty in the last century. In 1979, the general designer Utkin V. F. proposed a new technical solution for the missile complex. In 1992, about 88 launchers were deployed, and the rocket remains the most powerful and heavy in the world. Its weight is more than 200 tons, and the total volley of one missile division in capacity is 13,000 atomic bombs.

The R-36M2 Rocket "Voevod" is equipped with a perfect and modernized complex of means capable of overcoming missile defense and breaking through the SOI system. In the rocket there are 10 combat blocks, which are covered by a radome flown in flight - they are placed on a special frame in two rows. The missile engine is a 4-chamber LPRE, which has rotary combustion chambers - they are put into operation during the flight.

Main differences

1. The missile is highly resistant to damaging factors due to a nuclear explosion.
2. It can be launched even after the enemy struck the positions of the missile complex.
3. A special dark heat-shielding coating facilitates the passage of the rocket through a cloud of dust that forms after a nuclear explosion. Such coverage ensures the survivability of the missile system.
4. The missile is equipped with special sensors that measure neutron and gamma radiation, registering a dangerous level. When the rocket passes a nuclear "mushroom", the control system turns off, but the engines continue to work.
5. To create the hull of the rocket used materials of high strength - aluminum-magnesium hardened (hardened) alloy.
6. Intercontinental ballistic missile "Voevoda" has a well thought-out control system, which is hidden in the hermetic case of the instrument compartment. The system remains stabilized until the missile leaves the danger zone. After that, the automation is turned on, and the control system corrects the trajectory of the complex.
7. The pneumohydraulic system of the rocket is simple, there are quite a few automatic elements in it. Accordingly, there is no need for preventive maintenance.

The missile system is fueled by aggressive components of liquid fuel, but it is in combat readiness for about 25 years. The rocket engines adapted to complex combat conditions: they increased their traction, made the basic systems and elements of the complex more stable.

Features of Voevody

The rocket "Satan" ("Voevoda") is a multipurpose missile and is designed to target a variety of targets. The peculiarities of the complex include the following:

1. Start is performed from the mine.
2. The missile is two-stage and operates on high-boiling components of fuel.
3. Complex management is automatic, based on the on-board computer.
4. Various types of combat equipment (warheads) can be used.
5. The know-how, embodied only in this rocket, is a mortar launch.

Modifications

There are several modifications of the Voevoda. The first is the R-36M UTTK, which is a third-generation missile system. It can hit up to 10 targets with one missile, including particularly large or small targets on the square. This complex is characterized by increased accuracy of firing, an increase in the number of combat units.

"Dnepr" is a missile created on the basis of the Voevoda complex. The photo shows that we have a modified missile in which additional engines for orientation and stabilization, a control system, and an elongated head fairing have been modified.

Main perspectives

Initially, the deadline for the combat alert for the Voevod missiles was set for 2018, and now it is about 2026. Specialists say that now the missile complex has exceeded the warranty period of operation, while the term of its combat duty is already about 24 years. At the moment, work is being done to increase the life of the rocket to 30 years, so it is planned to keep this complex in the combat composition of strategic missile forces until 2022.

Experts believe that it is possible to increase the maximum possible lifetime of Voyevoda missiles due to the fact that they are distinguished by technical perfection, which is expressed in constructive and technological solutions of the complexes. It was also noted that the Voevoda RS-20V will be in the combat composition of Russian missile forces until 2026.

conclusions

The Voevod missile complex is unique: it was first launched in 1986, it caused a lot of controversy and divergence of opinions. What was worth only the unsuccessful launches that could put an end to these complexes ... But the timely modernization and use of modern technologies led to the fact that the Voevoda missile eventually became the most powerful and heavy in the world, hitting these records in the Record Book Guinness. Thanks to the well-thought-out design and perfect systems with which the missile is equipped, it has been in service for a quarter of a century.

The missile complex "Voevod" ("Satan") is good because it is invulnerable to missile defense, since the warheads of the complex are accompanied by false blocks in flight. At the same time, their scattering area and plasma traces are the same as for real warheads, which confuses the enemy. In addition, it is a very protected weapon, located in inaccessible to the enemy's attacks mines. And most importantly: the complex can stand in the canned state for about 10 years and start in just 30 seconds.