The system-forming enterprise is ... List of backbone organizations

The list of strategic enterprises in Russia includes business entities recognized as such at a meeting of the special commission of the Ministry of Economic Development, whose work is built on the results of monitoring the financial and economic activities of large enterprises.

Definition

A system-forming enterprise is a business entity that meets a set of certain criteria. In the defense industry, the "backbone enterprise" is synonymous with a "strategic enterprise".

The list of backbone enterprises is formed within a specific locality, territorial regional unit, and the state as a whole. For example, economic entities specializing in the manufacture of seamless pipes for the chemical, oil and gas and petrochemical industries, as well as for the automotive, power engineering and mechanical engineering industries are among the main backbone metallurgical enterprises of the Southern District, located in the Rostov and Volgograd regions.

Forming a list

As mentioned above, the backbone enterprise is a large business entity that meets certain criteria, which are developed by the Interdepartmental Commission and simply by the representatives of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

During such meetings, the participants consider issues related to the main directions of monitoring the financial and economic performance of enterprises, as well as the development of budget-forming industries in Russia.

Qualitative criteria of backbone enterprises

Among the qualitative criteria, under which the company can be classified as a backbone, it is necessary to distinguish the following:

- The technological potential of the business entity (the availability of promising and unique technologies that are included in the relevant list and are important for the organization of the country's defense capability);

- Influence on social stability, related to the preservation of jobs and the prevention of mass unemployment;

- important in the preservation of both infrastructure and production chains;

- Implementation of investment projects;

- Implementation of treaties and international obligations.

Quantitative criteria

There are also a number of quantitative criteria that a system-forming enterprise must correspond to. It:

- The volume of annual revenue (for example, for 2014) - from 10 billion rubles. (For the production sector) and from 4 billion rubles. (For agriculture);

- the amount of tax payments to budgets of all levels over the past three years should amount to: in industry - over 5 billion rubles, in agriculture - from 2 billion rubles);

- number of employees - in production and agriculture from 4 thousand people. And 1,5 thousand people. respectively.

Stages of formation of the list of backbone enterprises

First, the business entity must submit to the relevant federal executive body all the necessary materials that confirm compliance with these criteria.

Secondly, this executive body analyzes the documents submitted. If necessary, he can request additional information from the business entity. The holding of this stage takes 15 days. As a result, a conclusion is written about the company's compliance with quantitative and qualitative criteria. It is sent to the Interdepartmental Commission under the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

Thirdly, the Interdepartmental Commission considers the materials provided and decides on the expediency of including the enterprise in the list of systemically important organizations.

And, finally, the last stage is the consideration of proposals at the meeting of the relevant Governmental Commission and the adoption of a decision on the inclusion of a business entity in the list under consideration.

Documents submitted for inclusion in the List

Among the documents that the enterprise should be provided to the executive body for inclusion in the list of strategic enterprises, it is necessary to distinguish the following:

- special application;

- copies of the entire package of constituent documents, notarized;

- the relevant decision of the credit committee of the banking institution that provided borrowed funds to the business entity;

- business plan of activities (current and planned) for the period until the loan is fully repaid or a bonded loan. This document will allow an assessment of the transparency of the economic and financial activities of the entity applying for inclusion in the list of backbone enterprises;

- A certificate of the absence of debt of the enterprise of any debt for obligations to the Russian Federation, as well as tax payments.

List of backbone entities by the end of 2014

The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation approved a list of enterprises that should receive anti-crisis assistance in the first place. The formation of this list is a kind of plan to support representatives of large businesses. It accounts for about 57% of GDP and 69% of the total output.

However, if a business entity is considered as a backbone enterprise, this does not mean that it will definitely be able to get state support. To it, first of all, strict requirements on increase of an overall performance will be shown.

By the end of 2014, this list included not only the largest holdings and companies with strategic significance for the state (for example, airports or airlines). The list includes less significant enterprises, for example, representatives of such large retail chains as Dixy Group, Auchan, Metro Cash and Carry. This situation is interpreted ambiguously, since in the presence of the highest profitability in trade, as well as the absence of requirements to contain prices, questions about the state support of trade networks cause some confusion. Modern supermarkets and hypermarkets have no losses, and rising costs are compensated by higher prices for goods.

The first list of backbone enterprises was formed in 2008, when Russia also found itself in difficult economic conditions. At that time, the list included 300 enterprises, including 34 business entities from the agro-industrial complex and the food industry. Today, the number of these industries has been reduced to 32. The total number of such enterprises on the list is 199.

Support budget-forming enterprises

To date, there are a number of issues related to supporting the backbone enterprises and unregulated at the state level.

First, there are no specific mechanisms and forms of state support.

Secondly, on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation, it is noted that the hired entity in the list will not necessarily receive state support. The statistics of 2008 confirm this. Out of 300 enterprises only about 37 were able to receive subsidies from the budget, 11 - investments, and 10 - state guarantees. Only 40 organizations received help. At the same time, three types of state aid - 6 subjects (the Russian railway and enterprises of the defense industry).

Oil and gas enterprises were left without support at all. However, this year they can receive funding from the National Welfare Fund.

List of large enterprises of the Moscow Region

Just as it was done in general across Russia, the system-forming enterprises of the Moscow region were defined. This list includes 288 large companies. The list is published on the official website of the Ministry of Investments of the Moscow Region. The criteria were considered such as the number of employees, which should exceed 500 people, as well as a significant contribution to the economy of the city or municipality.

In the list of backbone organizations of the Moscow region there are also enterprises that are listed in the corresponding list as a whole in the Russian Federation. Such economic entities include the Demikhov Machine Building Plant, the Flight Research Institute. M.M. Gromov, Metrovagonmash, and others.

Thus, it can be seen that these enterprises are of strategic importance not only for the Moscow region, but for Russia as a whole, and they must be provided with appropriate state support.