Ulaanbaatar: general information about the city

Ulaanbaatar is the capital of Mongolia. The population is about 2 million people. Here are the most northern deserts and the southernmost boundary of permafrost. It is also remarkable that this city is considered the coldest capital on earth.

Climate

The climate of the city is sharply continental. Winter in Ulan-Bator is quite long and severe, and the summer is cool. Precipitation for the country is very rare and falls out mainly in the summer. Height above sea level of 1500 meters strongly affects the temperature in the capital. In general, the natural conditions in Mongolia are quite contrasting. There are semi-deserts and mountain forest-steppes, here is the famous Gobi Desert, as well as the crystal clear lake Hubsugul.

Population

Ulan-Bator is a native home for representatives of many nationalities. In addition to the indigenous population - the Mongols, there are people from neighboring countries: Russia, Uzbekistan, China, South Korea, North Korea, Turkmenistan and others. In addition, approximately 1% falls on immigrants from Germany, the United States, Australia and Canada.

History

In far 1639 one influential feudal lord proclaimed his son (despite being then 5 years old) Zanabazar the head of Buddhism in Mongolia and founded in honor of this event a monastery in the valley of the river Tuul. Over the next 60 years, this monastery has changed its location more than 17 times. In 1779, the Buddhist shrine was finally founded on the northern bank of the Tuul River. From this time around worldly life around the monastery of Chzhangzung-Damba Hutuhta began to focus. So the city of Urga was founded.

In 1921, this city became the autonomous capital of Mongolia. Since 1924, Urga at the legislative level has changed its name to Ulan Bator (which means in translation from the Mongolian "red bogatyr").

Economy

Virtually all industrial enterprises of the country are concentrated in the capital. Here are the most developed industries: metalworking, construction, woodworking, there are also meat processing plants and a caravan plant. In the city there are several thermal power plants, which process about 85% of the electricity of the whole country.

Culture and Science

In cultural and scientific institutions there is no shortage. There are many universities here: Buddhist, Mongolian International University, Zanabadzara and others. Ulaanbaatar boasts numerous museums: there is a museum of fine arts, a national historical museum. A magnificent collection of exhibits, including even the remains of dinosaurs, is collected in the State Central Museum of the city.

Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar. Atmosphere of the city

Mongols have always been nomads, so it's no wonder that yurts coexist in the capital with high-rise buildings . Even those natives who today lead a sedentary lifestyle do not particularly settle their homes. Piles of rubbish in yards, unpainted windows or doors leading unclear where - this is a common phenomenon for apartment buildings in Ulan Bator. The building of the central part of the capital was occupied exclusively by foreigners, since the Mongols do not possess the subtleties of urban development.

The originality and unique natural landscapes of Mongolia attract hundreds of tourists. Ulaanbaatar is the capital of unique cultural and architectural contrasts of the past and the present, which are difficult to meet elsewhere.