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Types of subordination in phrases and sentences

In Russian there are two types of connection of words. In one case, words in word combinations or complex sentences are grammatically equivalent. This is a writing relationship.

In some situations, one word may depend on another, and the subordinate part of the sentence may be subject to the other, the main one. This is a subordinate connection.

What are the characteristics of subordinate communication?

Different words and phrases involve different kinds of it. The types of subordinate communication largely depend on what parts of speech express constituent phrases.

Harmonization. With such a variety, the dependent word is completely similar to the main word in the genus, case, number. (Blue Lagoon, walking excavator, our team).

Most often, dependent words are:

  • Adjectives,
  • Participles (both real and passive),
  • Some pronouns are possessive, indicative, definitive, negative),
  • ordinals.

The main word must be a noun or any other part of speech that acts in its role. For example: dear present, the first cosmonaut, recovering patients, written works. Types of subordinate communication in phrases are not limited only by agreement.

Control. The dependent word should stand at the main in the form that the lexico-grammatical meaning of the main one requires. In simple terms, the dependent word must stand for the main one in a certain genus, case or number. (I remember the past, put it on the table, stand by the table, etc.). Dependent words in this case can be:

  • Nouns (or other words in their roles): look at the seated, sing a song;
  • Pronouns: get angry at him;
  • Some numerals: get angry at both.

The exact sign of control is the presence of a preposition in the phrase.

Adjunction. In this case, the main and dependent word is connected not by a grammatical form, but exclusively by a lexical meaning. Only unchanged parts of speech can adjoin:

  • Adverb: run quickly;
  • Infinitive: must run away;
  • Gerund: walked, singing;
  • Adjective, standing in a simple comparative degree: older boys;
  • Unchanged adjectives: khaki colors.

Understand what types of subordinate communication take place in a specific phrase is not difficult, if you act with such a simplified clue.

  • If the gender, case and number coincide - agreement.
  • If there is an unchangeable word - adjacency.
  • If there is neither one nor the other - management.

In a complex sentence, the types of subordinate communication are also divided into groups:

  • Allied subordination. I want tomorrow to be warm. Communication is expressed through union.
  • Subordination is relative. The day came when the chicks flew out of the nest. Subordination is carried out with the help of allied words. It should be noted that these types of subordinate communication are very similar.
  • Subordination is indirect-interrogative. I do not understand what it was. The main and subordinate parts are associated with adverbs, pronouns (relative and interrogative).
  • Subordination is sequential or inclusion. I know that I will find a job that will help me become richer. The addicts "cling" consistently, for each other.
  • Subordination is mutual. I did not have time to enter, as was captured by the whirlpool of events. This relationship is expressed lexically and semantically, and both parts are interdependent.
  • · Subordination is parallel or subordinate. When I went to the window, Marina turned her head to see me better. Subordinates are subject to one word in the main or all major.

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