Patriotic upbringing of preschool children by GEF: topics of classes

Patriotism is a social feeling that is characterized by attachment to the native land, the people, and its traditions.

Moral and patriotic education is a system of activities aimed at building citizens' sense of duty towards their native country, national self-awareness, and the readiness to defend their Motherland.

The relevance of patriotic education

The patriotic education of preschool children by GEF is quite actual in the conditions of the present. This is due to the prioritization of material values before the spiritual values in our society. However, the upbringing of the younger generation in the framework of respect and love for the Motherland creates a morally healthy, viable population.

Children of preschool age are especially emotional, inquisitive, ready for empathy, they are in the process of forming personal reference points, so you can most effectively conduct educational work. This is also facilitated by the special susceptibility of preschool children to the influence of adults.

Goals and objectives

Patriotic education in the DOW is conducted with the aim of fostering love for the fatherland, responsible attitude to the surrounding nature and people, the formation of a stable connection of generations. The formation of these values is the result of a purposeful, systematic work with the child.

Patriotic education of preschoolers by GEF implies the following tasks:

• The formation of moral and spiritual characteristics of the individual;
• The formation of a sense of pride for their nation;
• Formation of respectful attitude to the national and cultural traditions of their people;
• The formation of a liberal position in relation to peers, adults, people of other nationalities.

Forms and methods of organization of work

The program of patriotic upbringing in preschool institutions implies, first of all, the organization of internal methodological work in this direction. Since if the teacher himself does not feel a sense of love for the fatherland, then he will not be able to pass it on to the children, and the educator also needs to know how to convey the ideas of patriotism most effectively to preschool children. Methodological work on patriotic education in the DOS is aimed at raising the qualification level of educators, their pedagogical literacy. For this, thematic pedagogical consultations, consultations, mutual visits are held.

The second part of the methodological work is the interaction with the parents, the child's family, since they have a significant influence on the formation of the preschooler's personality, and it is important to tell them the main directions for the successful development of moral and spiritual values among children. With the parents there are thematic meetings, conversations, they are attracted to the organization and participation in the DOW events.

Patriotic education of preschool children by GEF defines methods of work with preschool children:

• Arrangement of patriotic corners in the DOW;
• Organization of excursions to the sights of the native land, visits to museums, exhibitions;
• Organization of thematic events (holidays, matinees, competitions, competitions);
• Conducting thematic studies, discussions on the topic of love for the motherland, reading relevant works, memorizing poems, watching films, programs.

Annually, a plan for patriotic upbringing is drawn up in the DOW, which covers all forms and methods of methodological and educational work. An exemplary list of activities and topics of the activities envisaged by the plan includes: events dedicated to state and national holidays, sports competitions, thematic classes on studying nature, features, traditions of the native land, state symbols.

Celebrations dedicated to public holidays

Activities for patriotic upbringing in the Dow are usually timed for the celebration of relevant state holidays, such as Victory Day, Defender of the Fatherland Day, International Women's Day.

In preparation for the event, children learn the history of the holiday, understand who it is dedicated to and why it is celebrated.

For example, when preparing the celebration of Victory Day, you can hold an action "Dove of Peace", making together with the children white paper pigeons as symbols of a peaceful life. For the event itself, learn military songs ("Katyusha", "Victory Day", etc.), poems of the appropriate theme. You can organize a meeting with veterans or children of war in the framework of the project "Such a different childhood: war and peace."

When preparing the celebration of Defender of the Fatherland Day, the boys form the notion that they are future men, strong and strong, the support of their family, the Motherland, its defenders. In the holiday itself, you can hold several different events depending on the age of the children, for example, the holiday-congratulation of the fathers with verses, songs and military dances, sports competitions, the conversation-We Need Peace, dedicated to the army that defends our country.

The International Women's Day is dedicated to the formation of family values and the image of the mother, the woman as the guardian of the family, in preschool children. Traditionally, activities on this day are devoted to congratulations to moms and grandmothers. The day before, children make gifts for them by their own hands, developing their creative abilities.

National holidays

In order for children to perceive themselves as part of their people, they must be imbued with its foundations, understand its identity. To do this, the DOW organizes conversations, classes to familiarize with the people's way of life, but it is best for children to learn the information during the game. You can celebrate folk holidays with songs, dances, good mood to join traditions.

Celebrate with Christmas and the Old New Year. Children learn Christmas carols, then go to groups, sing, get sweets in reward.

The celebration of Maslenitsa can be organized during a walk, all children of the DOW can participate in it simultaneously. Winter, Spring, buffoons take part in the performance. Preschoolers get acquainted with the history of the holiday, its essence and symbols. The main symbol of Maslenitsa is pancakes, you can draw their parents to make them, arrange a kind of fair.

Its symbols are also at the Feast of the Passover. There is an activity on the painting of Easter eggs. There are a lot of techniques and techniques that give the child the opportunity to develop their artistic abilities.

Sport games

Patriotic education of preschoolers by GEF implies the education of a physically healthy person. Therefore, physical development is an integral part of the educational process. Sports games and competitions not only develop children, but also form a sense of teamwork, unity of interests, strengthen family ties and traditions.

It is possible to hold competitions between the same-age groups on the relevant topics, for example, dedicated to Russian athletes. During the holiday, children are introduced to the Russian epic about the heroes, with their military exploits. There are such contests as:

• "Sharp shooter" - throwing balls at the target.
• Tug of war.
• "Quick rider" is a race-relay race on rubber horsies or big balls.
• "The strongest" is the pushing of rivals over the borders of the mat.
• "Bogatyrskaya help" - dismantle the cubes entrance to the cave and save the beautiful girl.

A special role is played by joint competitions between children and parents. The celebration of Defender of the Fatherland Day for students of the senior and preparatory group can organize a military game "Zarnichka", in which the popes with their sons participate in relay races, and mothers with daughters - in competitions for fans. Such a game fosters a sense of collectivism, patriotism, forms interest in performing physical exercises, develops basic physical qualities, and brings to the traditions of great sport.

Studies on the study of state symbols

Patriotic education of preschoolers by GEF implies knowledge of the state symbols of the country. For their study, relevant classes are held, such as "Love your Motherland", "Symbols of Russia".

The purpose of this lesson is to instill in children pride for their country, to consolidate and expand knowledge about state symbols, to acquaint them with the meaning of the colors of the flag and the coat of arms, to form the simplest geographical knowledge about their land, to cultivate feelings of respect for the flag, coat of arms, anthem, and instill cognitive interest in History of their homeland.

Classes can be conducted with the help of information and communication technologies. To do this, you need to prepare a presentation on a given topic, stock up on the audio record of the hymn.

The sequence of the lesson can be as follows:

1. The introductory part, in which children are introduced to the geographical position and size of the country.
2. Familiarity with the flag of Russia, the symbolism of its colors. You can play the game "Fold the flag".
3. Acquaintance with the arms. The educator explains the concept of arms to the children, conducts the game "Come up with and draw the coat of arms of your family."
4. Listening to the national anthem.
5. The final part, which verifies how preschoolers have learned the material.

Disclosure of the theme of a small homeland

Any corner of our homeland is unique and in its own way unique. It is important to attach the child to the beauty of nature of the native land, to its traditions and way of life.

One way is to organize a mini-museum of local lore in the Dow. In it you can collect a collection of antiques, characterizing everyday life, samples of folk art (embroidery, napkins, tablecloths, amulets, utensils, toys).

Another method of knowing the native land is to conduct excursions, visit sights.

Cognitive lessons are also conducted. For classes, appropriate topics are chosen for patriotic education. Children learn about their famous countrymen, about the history of the origin and development of their native settlement, about the natural features of the region, and study folk folklore.

The systematic work carried out in the pre-school allows the preschoolers to learn the primary knowledge of history, the geography of their native land, its development and developmental features.