The structure of the learning process as an indicator of cognitive and educational activity of schoolchildren

What are the features of the structure of the learning process and its essence

For the formation of pedagogical thinking, it is important to understand the essence and structure of the learning process , how it functions and develops. The external side of the learning process is the mutual cooperation of the teacher and schoolchildren. The task of the teacher during the training is to inform the students, organize, target, stimulate their work, and also to adjust and evaluate it. Trainees must master the material and activities that the curriculum provides. This process is characterized by two-sided, which includes teaching and learning.

Therefore, the essence and structure of the learning process consists in the purposeful development and upbringing of the student's personality, which take place on the basis of comprehension of systematized scientific knowledge and activities that reflect the two cultures of mankind - material and spiritual.

Components that make up the structure of the learning process

Under the learning process, one should understand the active and close interaction of teachers and trainees, which has a purposeful character and is organized using special methods and various forms.

Therefore, the structure of the learning process is characterized by clarity. Its main component is the goal. In addition to providing students with knowledge and developing the necessary skills, mental development (the main and general goal), the teacher sets himself narrower goals, which require effective mastering of a specific volume of knowledge.

Also, the structure of the teaching process in pedagogy also includes such an integral part as the content of social experience assimilated by the students. Scientific information only then can become a part of the educational process, when it is pedagogically adapted, it is actual, cognitive, developing and feasible for mastering by children of a certain age.

The central figure that forms the learning process is the teacher. He is the bearer of the content of education and upbringing, the organizer of the cognitive activity of schoolchildren.

The student team is also an important element of the structure of the learning process . The students act as the object of the educational impact of the teacher and the subject of cognition.

Teaching methods are an essential component, which is provided by the structure of teaching in pedagogy . This is one of the ways of teaching cooperation between students and the teacher. In pedagogical activity, not only the potential effectiveness of teaching methods, but also the methodical system of the teacher, his ability to interact with students is of great importance. Any of the methods used will only become active if it can unite the actions of both sides and turn from the teacher's methodical methods into the cognitive activity of children.

The structure of the learning process can not be created without organizational forms. Under the forms of education, one should understand the joint work of the educator and schoolchildren in the process of cognition. The lesson is the basic form of teaching . Concomitant forms can be a lecture, a seminar, a laboratory and a practical lesson, training - individual and group, a circle.

An important element of the learning structure is the extra-hour independent work - home, circle, and library. It promotes the consolidation of acquired knowledge and skills, independent development.

The application of acquired knowledge, acquired skills and skills in practice is also a necessary part, which includes the structure of the learning process . This component of the educational process is unifying for everyone else. Its practical application allows you to verify the effectiveness of training.

The final element of the structure of the educational process is pedagogical diagnostics. With its help, the quality of knowledge, the level of students' abilities is determined. Also, diagnostics help the teacher to correct their activities.

Design the learning process creatively, taking into account specific situations.