Eksikoz - this is what? Description of the disease

The medical term "excoxicosis" does not apply to commonly used. Fortunately, not every one of us gets to experience it personally, but it's necessary to know what it is. Because behind this incomprehensible word lies a very dangerous state, which in some cases even carries a life threat.

What is an excoxique and how does it happen?

Exicosis is a condition of the body, which is dehydration. Depending on whether there is a deficit of water or electrolytes, distinguish between water-deficient and salt-deficient exsicosis. But most often it is isotonic, when the body lost these components in equal measure.

Exicosis is not a disease, but a consequence of ailments. In the vast majority of cases, its cause is a variety of gastrointestinal infections. But he can also accompany ARI, influenza, pneumonia, infections caused by staphylococci, etc. The patient loses fluid as a result of diarrhea, vomiting, profuse sweating and even through the lungs and kidneys. This is so rapid that losses often do not have time to be compensated even with a plentiful drink. As a result, blood does not reach the vital organs.

Dehydration occurs in both children and adults. In the risk group infants and toddlers of preschool age, elderly people, as well as patients, bedridden.

Degrees of exsicosis

It's not always an excox - it's very dangerous. It all depends on his degree. And they are distinguished by three.

• At the first degree, fluid loss is a maximum of five percent of body weight. Such a deficit can be quite quickly eliminated by drinking abundantly.
• The second degree of excision is characterized by a loss of up to ten percent of body weight.
• In the case of the third degree, the body loses more than ten percent, and the condition becomes critical.

Symptoms of exsycosis

The manifestations of different types of exicosis differ from each other. But since salt-deficient and water-deficient exciks are rare, we will not dwell on them in detail. The only thing, we will notice, that in the first case at the person the body temperature decreases, he becomes apathetic and listless. And in the second, the opposite is true - the temperature is raised, the condition is close to febrile, the pulse is rapid, the sleep is disturbed, there is a strong nervousness.

The more common form of exsicosis - isotonic - is characterized by the presence of the following symptoms.

1. First degree: strongly thirsty, the mouth dry, the saliva resembles glue, urination becomes less frequent and the amount of urine released decreases, it acquires a dark yellow hue.
2. The second degree: thirst unbearable, in the mouth everything is completely dry, trips to the toilet "in a small way" do not exceed three times a day; Urine - closer to the brown color, the limbs become colder, the head is slightly dizzy, the heartbeat is quickened.
3. Third degree: the process of dehydration is rapidly progressing, the person is clearly changing behavior (panic, fear, embarrassment, distracted attention), the head is very dizzy, breathing is rapid, the pulse is weak and frequent, it is difficult to move, there is almost no urination, or there are no syncope, fainting is possible at all , The infants have a fontanel.

First aid for adults with exsicause

Any degree of exsicosis requires immediate treatment. But if at an initial stage the patient can be helped by oral rehydration (that is, A banal drink of a liquid), then in more difficult situations without medication the doctors can not do. Noticing the alarming symptoms, you should call an ambulance, but you can not wait for a while with folded hands.

• The patient should be given to drink as much as possible.
• If there is vomiting, then pour water into the mouth in small doses (tea spoon or even with a pipette), but often.
• You can try to suck ice or drink through a straw.
• Excess clothing is better to remove, and the rest to weaken.
• At high temperatures, it is advisable to place the patient in a cool room or wrap it in a wet sheet, sprinkle the body with cold water using a sprayer.

At the second degree of exsicosis treatment is carried out in a hospital, since, most likely, the introduction of various drugs intravenously. A third degree requires immediate resuscitation of the patient.

First aid for a child with exsicosis

Exicemia in children is more likely than in adults, and carries a much greater danger. After all, the kid can not tell about his feelings, so it is difficult to determine the degree of dehydration. Do not try fate. At the first symptoms (non-stop diarrhea and vomiting, rare urination, lethargy or, conversely, agitation, prolonged crying), you should call a doctor. The sunken fontanel, the absence of tears - this is evidence of a difficult state, they can not be waited.

Before the arrival of physicians should in all possible ways to try to provide access to the liquid in the body of a little man (drinking, wiping, humidity in the room). Exicosis in children develops very quickly and threatens with irreparable consequences.

The human body consists of 70% water (and in babies this figure reaches 80%). Therefore, its loss for us is like death. It is necessary to try not to allow a deficiency of fluid in the body, and if it has already arisen, it is urgent to take action.