The roof of the house with an attic. Types of roofs with an attic in private houses

For several decades the attic is very popular. An attic is called an attic type living quarters, which is equipped between the top floor and the roof.

Application of attic roofs

Mansard roofing is an additional living space that can be used for a variety of purposes, for example, for equipping a sports hall, guest room or bedroom, and so on. And if the vapor barrier, waterproofing and glazing are correctly made, it is possible to adapt this area to the winter garden.

The construction of the roof of the house with an attic

The attic floor can occupy both a small part of the attic and all of its space. In addition, make designs that protrude beyond the walls of the house. If the ledge is small, they are supported by the cantilever removal of the lower building. With a large removal, as well as if there is a possibility of collapse of the walls, the mansard structures are placed on an additional support, such as, for example, columns or walls.

The geometric proportions of the attic completely depend on the shape of the roof, which makes it possible to use the most daring solutions in its design. For example, a room can be located both on the entire area of the attic, and on its small part. It can be either symmetric or asymmetrical, and the shape has a broken or triangular shape. If a broken form is chosen, experts recommend the upper part of the attic to be made more gently (about 15-30 degrees), and the bottom - with a large slope (60-70 degrees).

If you are planning to make a roof structure of a house with a penthouse on an already finished building, then it is necessary to assess the condition of the foundation and supporting walls.

When choosing building materials, it must be assumed that the construction should have a minimum weight. The roofs of the attic are made of wooden beams, previously treated with fire retardants and antiseptics, or from a metal profile.

Advantages of mansards

To the main advantages Attics are:

• The possibility of increasing the area for living space due to the use of additional space.
• It is possible to equip a building that is not entirely appropriate in an apartment building, for example, a creative workshop or a room for smoking.
• If this is an office building, an additional The area can be rented.
• At the expense of the attic, the loss of heat through the roof is reduced. In the event that all technological rules and norms are observed at its erection.
• The construction of the roof of the attic is quite fast and is possible without eviction from the building of the tenants. Conducting communications is not difficult, because they are already in the house, you only need to perform some technical issues.
• The attic gives a beautiful silhouette of the roof, making the appearance of the house more aesthetic.

Disadvantages of mansards

The attic is not recommended for use as a children's room or study. As psychologists assure, a prolonged stay in a room with inclined walls can cause a sense of danger. In addition, the shortcomings Such premises include:

• The problem with natural light. Special windows for the attic require additional financial investments. If the light enters the room through the vertical window openings, then this light will not be enough.
• It is required to select competently materials for the roof, heat, hydro and noise insulation. In the case of non-compliance with construction technology, there may be certain problems associated with condensation of moisture and freezing.

Roofs of houses with an attic: projects, types

When choosing the future project of a building with an attic, you must first determine the design of the roof and its shape. Correctly selected project of the house with an attic will allow not only to save construction materials, but also to use the area with the maximum benefit.

There are the following main types of roofs of houses with an attic:

• Shed roofs;
• Gable gable or broken roofs;
• Semi-fine;
• Hip.

Each of these types of structures has its advantages and disadvantages.

When designing the project, it is necessary to take into account the load of the roofing system on the walls and foundation of the house, as well as how effectively it will withstand the atmospheric loads (wind, snow).

Mansard under a shed roof

One-roofed roof of the house with a loft refers to the simplest roofing options. It has the form of an inclined plane, which is fixed on bearing walls, which have different heights. This version of the roof allows you to make a fairly comfortable to use and spacious attic floor.

When designing a saddle roof, the correct calculation of the angle of inclination is very important. Installing a roof with insufficient angle of inclination will contribute to high snow loads and increase due to gravity and moisture ingress of the risk of deformation of the roof. Also, this design reduces the resistance to winds.

With a single-deck roof, which has an inclination angle of more than 45 degrees, the snow will completely roll off due to its own weight. The optimal angle is the slope of a saddle roof 35-40 degrees.

Mansard under a gable roof

The gable roof of the house with an attic is considered the most common, since it has a rather simple kind of frame . The roof of the gable type has rafters arranged parallel to each other at a certain angle. The process of its erection due to the simplicity of the design does not cause any special difficulties.

There are the following types of gable roofs: gable and broken. The symmetrical gable roof shape is the simplest. Its pediment is made in the form of a triangle.

The main advantages of the attic gable roof:

• Simplicity of design;
• reliability;
• Available materials;
• Installation of such a roof does not require the use of lifting equipment.

The broken roof of the house with an attic is encountered somewhat less often because of the complexity of its construction. Each of its rays is divided into two sections. The upper one has a slope of about 30 degrees, and the lower one - about 60 degrees. The space under such a roof is large enough. It can be used as a living room. The broken roof of the house with an attic is an economical and easy-to-install option for private houses that have a width of no more than 6 meters.

Semihalma roofs belong to the types of gable roofs . Their frame is made as an ordinary symmetrical truss construction, which rests on the Mauerlat. Their distinctive feature is the presence of small skates over the pediment.

Mansard under a gable roof

There are many different types of four-slope roofs, allowing you to equip them with a spacious and quite comfortable additional floor. The installation of a roof with four slopes is more complicated than the device of gable systems. For him, exact compliance with the technology of work at all stages is required.

Four- stage hip roofs have a number of advantages:

• Due to the fact that such roofs do not have vertical elements (pediments), they are capable of withstanding significant wind loads. Such designs are most common in regions where severe hurricanes often occur.
• Angle ribs, converging to the support ridge beam, provide rigidity of the frame. Such structures are not subject to deformation during their operation.
• The hip roof of the house with an attic makes it possible to make large overhangs that will protect the walls of the house from rain, which will significantly extend the life of the building structure.

Hip roofs are not without some drawbacks:

• Installation of a roof of such a structure is more complex and expensive than a gable device;
• Skates from short ends, so to speak, eat up a certain part of the attic space;
• The placement of window openings for natural lighting of the attic room requires a special approach.