The national debt of the countries of the world. Rating of countries by level of public debt

The state debt of the countries of the world is the dominant factor in destabilizing not only the financial situation in the world, but also the economic one. The only way out of the situation is to find ways to reduce world debt, with a decline in its growth rate inclusive. According to world analysts, while the first world crisis arose as a result of active growth of debts of the financial sector, corporate economy and household, the crisis of the 21st century will be caused precisely by the growth of the state debts of most countries in the world. Experts of the financial market say with concern that the debt obligations of the countries already by 2015 have every chance to turn into a simple paper.

What is the statistics of 2014?

The state debt of the countries of the world as of the end of 2014 has awesome volumes.

• Japan - public debt corresponds to 234% of GDP.
• Greece - 183%.
• Portugal - 148%.
• Italy - 139%.
• Belgium - 135%.

The analytical world company McKinsey contributed to Spain's top ten countries in terms of public debt (132%) and Ireland (115%), Singapore (105%), France (104%) and Great Britain (92%). It is interesting that America ranked 11th in this rating with 89% of GDP. It should also be noted that, in accordance with official state statistics, as early as 2011, the US public debt overcame the 100% mark of GDP. As for the statistics of 2013, the volume of debt increased to 106.6%. According to preliminary calculations in 2014, America's debt should be at 109.9%. At the moment, countries are pursuing an active policy to reduce government debt. The effectiveness of measures and the final indicators of 2015 can be estimated only in December.

The lowest rates of public debt

There is a rating of countries not only with large debts, but also with minimal. You can note the national debt of countries of the world in descending order:

• Norway - state debt is 34% of GDP.
• Colombia - 32%.
• China - 31%.
• Australia - 31%.
• Indonesia - 22%.

States that have virtually no debt and whose debt is less than 20% of GDP are Peru (19%) and Argentina (19%), Chile (15%), Russia (9%) and Saudi Arabia (3%). .

Interrelation of national debt and the level of development of the countries of the world

The level of public debt in the world allows us to establish a certain relationship between the amount of debt and the level of development of the state. It is worth noting that the least amount of funds attracted to cover the state budget deficit , which are at the stage of active development. In countries that are considered economically developed, the budget surplus arises much more often, and they are systematically incurring debts. If we consider debt not as a percentage of GDP but as a monetary equivalent, America took the leading place in this category. Its national debt has long surpassed the limit of 18 trillion dollars. World economic analysts are talking about an increase in debt by the end of 2015 to 19 trillion dollars. The second place in the category is Japan, with its debts amounting to 10.5 trillion dollars. Then follows China - 5.5 trillion. These three countries account for about 58-60% of the total world debt. At the same time, Russia, which in mid-2014 had debt corresponding to 0.1% of the world, is now included in the "junk rating" of countries for which it is almost impossible to obtain a loan on the international market.

The dynamics of the situation

The national debt of the countries of the world has a positive dynamic, it is systematically increasing. Only for the period from 2007 to 2014, not only the PIGS countries that threatened the EU (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain) managed to increase their debts several times, but also the leaders of the international market, in particular Japan, Italy and France. America has surpassed all the states of the PIGS group. According to preliminary forecasts, the situation in the world will only grow hotter. Absolute and relative build-up of debt is likely to be characteristic of countries with a high level of economic development.

Why do advanced economies have huge public debt?

The reason for the phenomenon is that the pace of economic growth does not allow not only repaying, but also servicing the borrowed loans. For most economically developed countries, not only zero, but also negative growth rates of the economy are characteristic. Experts of the agency McKinsey after a thorough analysis of the situation came to the conclusion that the hardest thing to refuse to obtain a loan for refinancing their debts would be countries such as Spain and Japan, Italy, Portugal, Britain and France. Experts see the solution to the problem in the complex restructuring of the economy, by completely untying it from public debt.

Trends and Observations

The rating of the national debt of the countries of the world, according to experts of the largest German publishing house "Der Spiegel", has a direct connection with the specifics of the development of states.

• The more public debt in the country, the more in its policy such concepts as democracy and liberalism flourish.
• Developed countries spend money from the budget, not focusing on the actual state of the economy. To say in simple language "live beyond their means". The more developed the country is, the more foreign debt it has.
• The economic development of the country fully corresponds to the growth of debt. The processes proceed in parallel and are almost identical.

Strange statistics, or What shows the external public debt of the countries of the world

The above observations from specialists of the Der Spiegel are confirmed by the actual situation in the world. Consider major international alliances. So, the "Big Seven", in theory, united the economies of the most powerful countries in the world. If you compare the GDP and national debt of the countries of the world from this alliance, you can see the following indicators:

• Great Britain - the volume of debt corresponds to 92% of GDP.
• Germany - 72%.
• Canada - 86%.
• Italy - 139%.
• The United States - 109.9%
• France - 98%.
• Japan - 234%.

Comparing these indicators with the indicators of the states that make up the BRICS, experts draw certain conclusions. For example, Russia (9% of GDP), Brazil (65% of GDP), China (31% of GDP) and South Africa (50% of GDP) look more "economically healthy" against world leaders. It should be said that there are at least 0.5 billion people living on the territory of the G-7 countries that consume times more goods and services than about 3 billion people in the territory of the BRICS countries.

What does the analysis of the situation in 2015 mean?

The state debt of the countries of the world in real time is problematic, since official data will be presented only by the end of 2015. According to preliminary estimates, taking into account the fact that the growth of arrears due to the economic situation in the world continues at an active rate, this year they will spend 6.3% more funds for their servicing. Representatives of the agency Bloomberg reported that the world's strongest countries are actively refinancing their debts by issuing new loans from the IMF. From official sources it became known that by the end of 2015, the countries of "BRICS" and the G7 states should pay off debt obligations in the amount of 6.96 trillion dollars. Experts from the world economy can hear opinions that 2015 will be favorable, and the amount of arrears will be less, which at this stage seems to be an unrealistic forecast.