The initial form of a noun: examples

In the Russian language, the initial form of the word is of great importance. Many of its grammatical forms depend on this. The noun is not an exception.

What is the initial form of the noun?

To find out from the noun the initial form, it is necessary to put it in the nominative case of the singular number. Let's consider a rule on an example of words from the offer:

In the series of symbols, Blok does not avoid purely allegorical images, symbols long frozen, metaphors already linguistic.

Thus, the initial form of the noun is determined. It will help us in spelling the case endings.

The endings -e and -и in nouns 1 declension

The orthogram, named in the subheading, is related to the need to define the initial form. The fact is that it depends on this, in which cases the nouns are written with the ending -e, and when - the ending -i.

The initial form of the nouns of the first declension ends with -a, -y. Recall that you need to ask the question: "What?" Let's give some examples:

• wife;
• Earth;
• foliage;
• Apple tree;
• purity;
• white;
• Running around.

In these words the endings -e and -i are written. The choice is determined by the following scheme:

RP (who? What?) - I.

D.P. (to what? To whom?) - E.

Etc. Etc. (about whom?) - E.

Let's give some examples:

Practical task number 1

What letters would you insert instead of points?

1. Longing for Rodin ... tormented him every second.
2. In the books ... you can find any information that interests you at the moment.
3. At the very path ... there is a hat on the foot ....
4. The company was raised on alarms ....
5. All around the clearing ... grew unknown to me blue flowers.
6. In the fable ... Krylov "Larch" refers to people who are not looking for easy ways.
7. This gossip ... do not believe it, envious people are braiding their machinations.

Answers: 1) -е, 2) -е, 3) -е, 4) -е, 5) -е, 6) -е, 7) -и.

Endings -e in nouns 2 declensions

The initial form of the noun of the second declension in the middle genus ends in -o / -e, and in the male genre, it ends with a consonant. For example:

• window;
• village;
• field;
• the sun;
• a business;
• table;
• Pillar;
• Comrade;
• pencil.

If you have such an initial form of a noun, then the word never has an ending -a:

• RP (who? What?) - A.
• D.P. (to what? To whom?) - U.
• Etc. Etc. (about whom?) - E.

As we see, this orthogram concerns only the prepositional form:

• I told everyone about my friend, who had not left the house for a year.
• And in the sun there are spots.

Practical task number 2

What endings are written in words with badges?

• The contract ... details the procedure for using public places.
• In an unfamiliar officer ... the old woman recognized her son.
• Suddenly they remembered about the medical assistant who lived nearby, and sent for him.
• Selivanov told the chief about this engineer ... and his project ... and he agreed to meet with him.
• Everyone worked and did not even think about the director ... and he still did not come.
• On vacation ... everyone had a good rest, now it's time to start working with new forces.
• On the pass ... there was someone else's photo.

Answer: in all words the ending -e is written.

Case endings of nouns 3 declensions

If the noun is a feminine gender in the initial form, that is, in the n. H. Ends with a soft sign, this means that it is the third declination. Examples of such words:

• notebook;
• bed;
• mother;
• daughter;
• bake;
• False;
• whim;
• area.

If the initial form of the noun is exactly this, then these words never end -e:

• RP (who? What?) - I.
• D.P. (what? To whom?) - I.
• Etc. Etc. (about whom?) - I.

Here are a few examples:

• Flowers geraniums brightly gleamed on the windows.
• In the distance towers of an impregnable citadel towered.
• Everyone on the ship was already dreaming about the earthly firmament.
• To the wool she mixed an ordinary thread for strength.

Practical task number 3

Let's take a task with which every third-graders should be able to cope, since with the theme "The initial form of a noun", the third class is acquainted within the framework of the school curriculum.

Specify the sentences with words ending with -i:

1. In the classroom we read Chukovsky's poem about cockroaches ....
2. Yesterday we went all family to grandfather ... and grandmother ....
3. I read in books ... about space ...
4. Uncle ... has a mock ship.
5. Under the tree grew a large mushroom under a layer of ...
6. The bright image of the teacher remained in the memory of his disciples for a long time.
7. In June, the seedlings ... are formed seed boxes, which then burst, and the seeds along with the fluff scatter throughout the district ....
8. In 1914, when the war broke out, Nastasya Vasilievna bequeathed a daughter ... all her untold riches and went to the front as a nurse of mercy.
9. A girl in a light dress ... of chintz wonderfully harmoniously fit into this picture of light, heat and greens.
10. In the huge pool .. reflected the starry sky and curly tree crowns, toppled downwards by the tops.

Words on -yi, -ия, -ие

There are more words, the initial form of which ends in -y, -i, -ie:

• sanatorium;
• A marathon;
• Dispensary;
• lecture;
• army;
• section;
• composition;
• Reduction;
• ugliness.

In such words in the genitive, dative, prepositional cases the ending is -i. For example:

• The polar star is the brightest in its constellation.
• The father of the family once studied in the seminary for a long time.
• Maria Ivanovna had two sons and four daughters.
• Vitaly was wearing an old rough knitted sweater.
• Mother often thought about Artemia and waited for him.
• The mother's heart was in harmony with the world only when all her children gathered in the house.
• My brother serves in the army.

As can be seen from the examples, in such cases, at the end of the words, we see a combination of the letters -u. Only the last of them is an ending.

Dictation

Write down under the dictation of the text, put the nouns in the initial form.

How good is the autumn forest! The trees are dressed up, just like in a fairy tale ... Only the fir in its tail ... frowns and throws cones from its top .... On the birch ... the leaves are yellow, transparent, jagged. At the aspen ... orange circles, very beautiful. The most beautiful outfit for a maple ...: red, patterned, unusual. Because of him, you will not immediately see a cluster of mountain ash ....

At the glade ... on the path ... hare gatherings. The hares are also new: a gray fur coat ... white squint appeared. A squirrel ... not to update, it's all in the works .... How many more on the branch ... cones! And mushrooms on the ground ...! And the berries on the bush ...! No, she will rest in the winter in the heat ... yes syatost ....

The entire forest in autumn stands in a special fascinated ....

So, you learned what form of nouns is the initial, learned to use this knowledge when choosing the orthogram "E and I in the endings of nouns." You see how easy and simple it is. But the ability to determine the initial grammatical form is important not only when studying the topic "Noun": the initial form of the verb, for example, is also important for studying grammar, but this is already a topic of another conversation.