The grammar of the Russian language is a rather complicated phenomenon. Many rules in it are based on logical concepts or historical traditions. This is how you can characterize orphograms associated with the use of a soft sign.
To soften consonants
One of the first rules with which students are introduced in primary school is associated with the letter "soft sign". In words, it performs various functions. The first and main thing is to point out the softened consonant sounds. In this case, a soft sign is written, first, at the very end of the word: laziness, wattle , etc. The exception to this rule consists of words that end with the letters h and n , these consonants in themselves in the Russian language are soft. For example: a ball, a key, a raincoat, a stove , etc. The orthogram is quite easy to remember and apply in practice. Basically, in children it has difficulties and does not cause any complaints. Secondly, the letter a soft sign is written in the middle of many words, performing a separating function. It is necessary to separate the soft consonant sound from the solid, standing side by side. Being between them, the sign is a kind of boundary, for example: Vanka, letter, the eighth . Without it, a soft sound would assimilate with a neighbor solid, and the words sounded with a clear "Caucasian" accent. Stupid, is not it? And the soft sign of this assimilation does not allow, and words have a familiar, "correct" appearance, corresponding to the norms of the Russian literary language. But that's not all! Thirdly, "b" is written in the middle of the word between two consonants to mitigate the first of them: a schoolgirl, a feller, a freeman . If it were not there, the words would lose their euphoniousness. And finally, the fourth case, when a soft sign is written in words, where two of the same (soft) consonants are joined. When you change the word, the first retains its softness, and the second hardens: take-take . Even more important are such orthograms as "b" before iotirovannymi consonants and before the letter "O" in words of foreign origin: family, bindweed, mushrooms, medallionchik . In addition, we should not forget about the words in which it is obligatory after sibilants: you, you see, only, and others.
Verbs and "b"
It is important to teach students to correctly write a soft sign in verbs. This applies to an undefined form, as well as second-person forms and imperative moods. Let us examine in more detail. So, the end of the infinitive is written "b": write, read, listen . This orthogram is also checked by the question: what to do? / What to do? etc. A soft sign is also written after the sibilants in the verbs: you write, you blur, play, play, dance, etc. What are they characteristic of? The form of the 2nd person in the present and future time. Therefore, to ensure that students are not mistaken, they need to work out an algorithm for determining verbal forms, the ability to understand the categories of face and time. The characteristic of this part of speech from the point of view of moods is also related to spelling. "B" is written in the imperative mood and is one of the spelling indicators of that for many singular and multiple verbs: eat, cut.
How to consolidate the studied
For the hard mastering of the material and its successful use in written language practice, the teacher must regularly conduct dictionary dictations and interdictants, work with cards and punched cards, independent work and other types of control. It is necessary to check the notebooks in a timely and careful manner, to keep a record of errors and to work them out in time.