The honey bee is wild or domestic. Honey Bee: Species

Of great importance in the national economy is such a branch as beekeeping. Its main product is honey. It is not only delicious and nutritious, but also very useful. Since ancient times, it is used by man for food and is used to treat many diseases, for example, sore throats or appointed for colds.

Bee wax is necessary for the manufacture of artificial wax, without which it is impossible to imagine the implementation of beekeeping. It finds its sale and the so-called bee glue - propolis. A lot of work should be done before classifying bees into species, genera, families, orders, classes, types.

Bee families

According to the genus, bees are divided into wild and domestic. Both families tend to live in families. The honey bee, wild or domestic, develops from the egg and is known to be a single work unit.

Evolution has shown that their joint stay is a necessity, and therefore a person working with bees does not deal with individual individuals, but with the whole family as a full-fledged economic unit. For a long time, away from the family, the life of a honey bee can not flow, because it is completely dependent on it.

Members of a bee family

What exactly does the bee family consist of? The main members of the family are a lot of working bees and the uterus. In the summer, you can also see drones, the appearance of which is due to seasonality. Uterus and worker bees are female. However, because of the lack of the second normally developed genital organs, mating with the drones, and subsequently laying eggs can only the uterus. The process of egg laying with a lack of food, and also in connection with a low temperature of the environment, is suspended (and in some cases completely stops).

Types of bees

Thanks to numerous studies it became known that the genus of bees is divided into four groups. Types of honey bees are represented by large Indian bees, medium Indian bees, small Indian bees and honey bees themselves. Of particular interest is the honey bee.

An important distinguishing feature of these insects is that, regardless of whether it is a wild or domestic honey bee, they fold honey separately from the brood. This is very convenient, because in this case, a person gently selects a certain part of it and does not damage the honeycomb at the same time.

Habitat

Types of honey bees predetermine their location: a bee, bred by man, lives in a hive, and a wild bee lives in hollows of trees in the forest or in the ground, that is, seeking refuge in those places where there is no negative influence of the external environment. In a comfortable environment, honey is more delicious, and its quantity is much higher.

Honey bee wild or domestic, finding a comfortable position for themselves, begins to build wax combs, which consist of numerous cells. Here the bees put pollen (pergu) and honey directly. The very structure of the honeycomb goes from top to bottom. Over time, the construction of honeycombs widens both in length and width, later merging into a single honeycomb. The normal honeycomb is white and has a thickness of 22-25 mm. However, they tend to darken if bees or drones are removed or continue to be excreted in them. A strong family with a moderate load for the spring-summer period can allocate up to two kilograms of wax for construction.

How many lives does the bee

Honey bee wild or domestic has a fairly short life: in summer it is two to three months. If it is a question of a wintering worker bee, then we should talk about a longer life expectancy - from six months to eight months. The lifetime of the bee as a whole depends on the "computation" of it during work.

Working bees perform most of the functions in the family and are engaged in all kinds of work, except laying eggs. The wide scale of the work performed by bees is a perfectly understandable fact, because the organism of the average bee is predisposed by nature and adapted for the performance of works:

- they have excellent ability to smell, so they find and recognize food;

- the sight of the honey bee is excellent;

- well-developed wings, with which the hive is ventilated;

- adaptations on legs, which they use to collect pollen;

- sting - a means of defense against the invasion of enemies.

The peculiarity is the presence of the bees glands producing milk for feeding larvae.

Biology of the bee

The originality of the species is fully demonstrated by the biology of the honey bee. Working bees, thanks to the presence of four pairs of wax glands, are able to produce wax. These glands are not developed in a bee that has just hatched, but their presence becomes noticeable after three to five days.

Bees eat food of two consistencies: solid (perga) and liquid (nectar and honey). Therefore, it should be noted that the mouth parts of the bee are adapted for both the first and second food. Malpighian vessels (multiple tubes of different lengths) and fatty body serve as the organs of bee isolation. It is thanks to them that bees can release the breakdown products that arise during the metabolism: uric acid, carbon dioxide, salts. The system of blood circulation of bees is not closed and is represented by a five-chambered heart and aorta. The bee's blood is colorless.

Stages of development of the bee

The development of the bee goes through three stages: the stage of the egg, the larvae and the pupae. Development of the bee embryo in the egg takes three days. Shortly before the appearance of the larva, the bee-womb puts a little food on the egg, so that the egg can burst under its pressure. If the food is not put - the egg will just dry up.

The larva does not look like a bee, because the wings and legs are not defined. During its maturation the larva changes its skin about four times, which, as it grows and develops, becomes ever closer. Later, the larva spins a cocoon around it by means of a secretion of the spinning gland. There is a rapid laying of new organs and as a result the larva, having survived the fifth molt, drops the cocoon and turns into a pupa.

Thus, honey bees are peculiar from the anatomical point of view and are quite useful from the standpoint of the national economy.