The history of management thought and its formation

Management is a special kind of activity that makes of the unorganized crowd - a purposeful, efficient and productive team. It also acts as a stimulating element for social change and significant change. Practice of management has existed since ancient times, to which there is evidence (the construction of Egyptian pyramids, political organizations in Rome and Macedonia), so we can conclude that the history of managerial thought is deeply rooted in the past.

Until the 19th century, no one thought about management as a separate science and its system, everyone was interested in money and power. Only at the beginning of the century Robert Owen began to deal with the achievement of the objectives of the enterprise with the help of workers. He improved their working conditions, provided good housing, stimulated additional payment for a quality work done, thereby developing a material interest. These innovative ideas were a unique breakthrough in the human mind and the role of the leader. Thus, the history of management thought has taken one step forward.

Later, Frederic Taylor published a book on the principles of scientific management, which is considered the beginning of recognition, and the allocation of a separate area of management research. Since then, the history of the development of managerial thought has come nearer and nearer to the fact that management can significantly influence the development and success of enterprises. His success largely depended on success in other areas, such as Psychology, mathematics, sociology, etc. The obtained knowledge helped to understand, by what criteria to evaluate approaches to management.

At that time, the history of management thought had several approaches that significantly influenced its further development in theory and practice. The approaches of the various schools of management contained four different aspects: the school of scientific management, in terms of human relationships and behavioral science, the administrative approach, and quantitative methods.

Realizing the influence of external forces on the activities of organizations, researchers have developed other approaches. The history of managerial thought, moving forward, finds its reflection First in the process approach, which treats it as an interconnected series of management functions. Then in the system approach, which draws the attention of managers to the fact that the organization is a set of interrelated elements (people, tasks, technologies, etc.) that move towards different goals and are subject to changing environmental conditions. And in the situational approach, which emphasizes the fact that management methods should be determined based on the situation.

At the present time, the development of management thought has reached clear trends, strategies and strength. Management is the process and product of the environment, and the management concept has shifted its attention to the human factor, organizational and methodological ways of solving problems.