Life and work of Esenin. The theme of the homeland in the works of Yesenin

Rodina S.A. Yesenin (1895-1925) - the village of Konstantinovo Ryazan region. His biography is bright, stormy, sad and, alas, very short. Even during his lifetime, the poet became popular and evoked genuine interest from contemporaries.

Esenin's childhood

Yesenin's talent was largely manifested thanks to his beloved grandmother, who actually brought him up.

The poet's mother married a peasant Alexander Yesenin not of his own free will and, unable to withstand a life with an unloved husband, returned with a three-year-old Sergei to his parents. She herself soon went to work in Ryazan, leaving her son in the care of her mother and father.

About his childhood and creativity, he later wrote that the verse began to compose thanks to the grandmother, who told him tales, and he remade them in his own way, imitating the ditties. Probably, the grandmother was able to convey to Sergei the charm of the people's speech, which permeates the work of Yesenin.

Adolescence

In 1904 Yesenin was sent to study in a four-year school, which Was in the same village, and after it - in the church school. After a happy life in his home, fourteen-year-old Sergei, is away from his family.

Creativity Yesenin made itself felt during a friendly get-together, when the children read poetry, among which Eseninsky was especially prominent. However, this did not cause him respect from the children.

Esenin's growing popularity

In the years 1915-1916. Poetry of the young poet is increasingly published next to the works of the most famous poets of the time. Yesenin's work is now becoming well-known.

During this period, Sergei Aleksandrovich draws closer to the poet Nikolai Klyuev, whose verses are consonant with his own. However, Esenin's works show a dislike of Klyuev's poems, so they can not be called friends.

Reading poems in Tsarskoe Selo

In the summer of 1916, while serving in the Tsarskoye Selo hospital, he reads poems in the infirmary to wounded soldiers. At the same time, the Empress was present. This speech provokes indignation among the writers of Petersburg, who are hostile to the tsarist authorities.

The poet's attitude towards revolution

The revolution of 1917, it seemed Yesenin, was hoping for a change for the better, and not riots and devastation. It was in anticipation of this event that the poet changed a lot. He became more courageous, serious. However, it turned out that the patriarchal Russia was closer to the poet than the severe post-revolutionary reality.

Isadora Duncan. Travel to Europe and America

Isadora Duncan, a famous dancer, came to Moscow in the autumn of 1921. She met Yesenin, and very soon they were married. In the spring of 1922 the couple went on a trip to Europe and the USA. First Esenin is delighted with everything overseas, but then he begins to mope in the "most terrible kingdom of philistinism", he lacks spirituality.

In August 1923, his marriage to Duncan disintegrated.

The theme of the homeland in the works of Yesenin

The native land of the poet, as already mentioned at the beginning of the article, is the village of Konstantinovo. His work absorbed the world of bright colors of nature in the middle of Russia.

The theme of the homeland in Esenin's works of the early period is closely connected with the kinds of landscapes of the Central Russian strip: boundless fields, golden groves, picturesque lakes. The poet loves peasant Russia, which finds expression in his lyrics. The heroes of his poems are: a child begging for alms, plowmen who go to the front, a girl waiting for a loved one from the war. Such was the life of people in those days. The October Revolution, which the poet thought was going to be a stage on the way to a new beautiful life, led to disappointment and misunderstanding, "where the fate of events draws us."

Each line of poems of the poet is filled with love for the native land. Homeland in the works of Yesenin, as he himself admits, is the leading topic.

Of course, the poet managed to express himself from the earliest works, but his original handwriting is especially evident in the poem "You, my dear Rus'". Here the nature of the poet is felt: scope, mischief, sometimes turning into hooliganism, boundless love for native lands. The very first Yesenin verses about the homeland are filled with bright colors, smells, sounds. Perhaps it was the simplicity and clarity for most people that made him so famous during his lifetime. About a year before his death Yesenin will write full of disappointments and bitter poems, in which he will tell about his experiences for the fate of his native land: "But most of all / I was tormented by My love for my native land / I tormented and burned."

The life and work of Esenin fall at the period of great changes in Russia. The poet is on his way from Russia, embraced by the world war, to a country completely changed by revolutions. The events of 1917 instilled hope in Yesenin for a bright future, but soon he realized that the promised utopian paradise was impossible. While abroad, the poet remembers his country, closely follows all the events taking place. In his poems are reflected the experience for the fate of people, attitude to change: "The mysterious world, my ancient world, / You, like the wind, calmed down and sat down. / Here they squeezed the village behind the neck / Stone hands of the highway."

The work of Sergei Yesenin is permeated with anxiety for the fate of the village. He knows about the hardships of rural life, this is evidenced by many of the poet's poems, in particular "You are my deserted land."

However, most of the work of the poet still takes the description of rural beauty, village festivities. Life in the outback mostly looks in his verses bright, joyful, beautiful: "Dawns are blazing, fogs are smoking, / Above the carved window the curtain is crimson." In Esenin's work, nature, like man, is endowed with the ability to grieve, rejoice, cry: "The girls were devoured, they ate ...", "... the birches in white weep in the woods ..." Nature lives in his poems. She experiences feelings, talks. However, no matter how beautiful and imaginative Esenin sang of rustic Rus, his love for his homeland is undoubtedly deeper. He was proud of his country and the fact that he was born in such a difficult time for her. This theme is reflected in the poem "Soviet Russia".

The life and work of Yesenin are full of love for the Motherland, anxiety for it, hopes and pride.

The poet died from December 27 to December 28, 1925, and the circumstances of his death until the end has not been clarified.

I must say that not all contemporaries considered Yesenin's poems beautiful. For example, K.I. Chukovsky even before his death wrote in his diary that the "graphomaniac talent" of the village poet would soon run out.

The posthumous fate of the poet was determined by "Evil Notes" (1927) by N.I. Bukharin, in which, noting Esenin's talent, he wrote that it was still "a disgusting filth that was drenched with drunken tears". After this evaluation Yesenin before the thaw was published very little. Many of his works were distributed in manuscript versions.