1721 in the history of Russia. Education of the Russian Empire

From 1700 to 1721, the Northern War lasted, as a result of which a large Swedish army was defeated and the Russian lands conquered by Sweden were captured at the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century. Near the Neva is built a large city of St. Petersburg, which in 1712 will become the capital of Russia. At the end of the war, the Moscow state becomes a large Russian empire led by Emperor Peter I. What happened in 1721 and how was it?

Proclamation of the Russian Empire

September 10, 1721, already after the end of the Northern War, Sweden and Russia concluded the Nystad peace, as a result of which the latter annexed Estland, Livonia, partly Karelia and Ingria. The rest of the land that Peter I managed to capture, he returned to Sweden. As you can see, the history of Russia (the 18th century is not an exception) is very rich and interesting. Also, both sides agreed to release all prisoners. As a result of all this, Russia has become a European power. Peter the Great declared the Senate "Great" and gave him the titles of the "Emperor of the All-Russia" and "Father of the Fatherland". Russia has become a prosperous empire. However, the formation of the latter entailed a number of reforms.

Church and military reforms

It should be noted that in 1721 in the history of Russia is famous for a large number of reforms. So, 12 colleges were created, which had a certain sphere of activity. Great church and military reforms were carried out. The most significant events are the adoption in 1721 of the Spiritual Regulations, which made the church dependent on the authorities. In addition, the Holy Synod was created , since the patriarchate was completely liquidated. Quite often, 1721 in the history of Russia is celebrated as a time when the property of the church was taken up for the needs of the state, and more specifically, of the emperor.

As for military reforms, military ranks were introduced here , uniform for the whole of Russia. Also this year a powerful fleet was created. It is known that with his own hands Peter I created an army, the number of which was more than 200 000 people. Russian troops won many victories, this created favorable conditions for the further development of military equipment. The Navy is divided into squadrons, and land infantry - on regiments and subunits. Such a classification made it possible to introduce some kind of discipline and increase the combat spirit of the soldiers, as well as to act more cohesively during the fighting.

Change in economy and innovation in culture

In the financial sphere, many taxes were introduced, including indirect taxes. Kopeika became the main coin. It is impossible not to say that 1721 in the history of Russia is also known as a time when the people were more like a beggar than ever. The matter is that the treasury was replenished due to the increase in taxes. Even so, state money managed to steal in large quantities. But at the same time there was no hunger or shortage of essential goods.

Peter the First is known for having introduced a ban on the beard. Thus he struggled with an outdated way of life. It should be noted that secular educational institutions are beginning to emerge. The beginning of these innovations is precisely in 1721. The event in Russia of this kind caused a storm of emotions among ordinary people.

But this is not all yet: the first newspaper is being issued, and foreign books are translated into Russian. Also worth noting is that in 1721 medical, engineering and artillery schools are being created. At the same time, there is a network of spiritual schools. Their main purpose is the preparation of priests. Several garrison schools were built to train the children of servicemen.

Conclusion

As a conclusion, I would like to say that in 1721 in the history of Russia changed a lot, and all thanks to a wise ruler. At that time, the extradition of girls under duress was canceled. Thanks to this step the king fell in love with people, despite the high taxes. We can say that Peter the First actively taught artists. And he sent his own to study abroad, and invited foreigners to his home. These are the times of the emergence of an absolute monarchy, the peak of which was the emperor. Industry is developing, higher education appears among the middle class of the population.

Now, at the sight of the king, he did not have to fall to his knees, and near his house in winter time it was possible not to take off his hat. All this contributed to the fact that Peter the Great people were loved and respected. Most of his reforms were fully justified and were for the benefit of the state. He also approved a decree establishing the Academy of Sciences, which was opened after his death.