The Hermitage Park. The Hermitage is a garden. Moscow, the Hermitage Park

The Hermitage Garden (photo below) is a monument of landscape art. It is located in the heart of Moscow. Residents of the capital highly appreciate this islet of green nature, located among noisy yards and gassed streets. Here, young mothers with strollers walk, lovers meet and make promenades for couples.

Did you choose the Hermitage park as your holiday destination? How to get to it? It should be borne in mind that it is located near the street Karetny series and metro stations "Chekhovskaya" and "Pushkinskaya".

History of appearance

The Hermitage Park was the first entertainment garden in Moscow. It was opened in 1830. In those ancient times the garden was located not in the present place, but on Bozhedomka. The Hermitage Park offered coffee shops and gazebos, pavilions and a theater to its visitors. The peak of his popularity he reached in those years, when he owned a well-known entrepreneur M.V. Lentovsky.

In the past, he was an actor of the Maly Theater. In the garden there were skating on a pond on boats, water fireworks, marches of military bands and other entertainment events. Not only all Moscow residents came to the Hermitage Park, but foreigners visited the capital.

After Lentovsky was ruined, this place gradually came to desolation. Somewhat later, the territory of the garden was built up by houses.

Park "Hermitage" received its second birth in 1894, when the Moscow merchant Ya.V. Shchukin bought a manor, located in the carriage line. Literally for a year the neglected territory turned into a blooming garden. Flowerbeds were laid out in the wasteland, paths were laid and bushes and trees planted. There was also a theater building in the garden.

Cultural events

In the park "Hermitage" on 26.05.1896 there was a significant event. On this day there was a public session of the movie Lumiere Brothers. Two years later the theater was opened in the park, the leaders of which were V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko and KS Stanislavsky. On 26.10.1898 the premiere of the performance staged by them was held under the title "Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich". On the same stage, the Moscow Art Public Theater played such plays as "Uncle Vanya" and "Seagull" A.P. Chekhov.

In the theater of the park "Hermitage" were many celebrities. Among them F.I. Shalyapin and S.V. Rakhmaninov, Anna Pavlova and Sarah Bernard, Ernesto Rossi and others.

The Hermitage is a garden in which Shchukin built a summer structure, the Mirror Theater. In the future, the construction of a new building was planned. They were to become a winter theater, designed for a thousand spectators. However, the implementation of plans prevented the First World War.

Years of Soviet Power

After the revolution of 1917 the park "Hermitage" was nationalized. Later, during the NEP, he was rented privately.

In 1924, the building in the Hermitage Park was given to the Moscow City Council of Trade Unions. Later it was renamed the Mossovet Theater.

Military period

During the Soviet era, the Hermitage Park was also one of the most popular places where residents of the capital could rest. In the autumn of 1941 it was closed. The work of the park was resumed in April next year. In 1943, performances were staged here. To this end, artists returned from evacuation to Moscow. The theater's premises were not heated. However, neither spectators nor artists did not stop this.

The post-war period

In the summer of 1945, the Hermitage Garden was reconstructed. In 1948 a concert summer hall was built on the territory of the park. On his stage there were performances by K.I. Shulzhenko, A.I. Raykin, L.I. Ruslanova. Here you can listen to the orchestra LO. Utesova.

In the fifties and sixties of the last century Muscovites came to the Hermitage to play chess, read, just walk and listen to the performances of their favorite artists. The summer cinema was opened in the park in 1953. It immediately became a popular place for Muscovites and guests of the capital. A large number of people came to see pictures exhibited directly in the open air.

About the popularity, which used the park-garden "Hermitage", say the statistics. So, in 1957 this green corner in the capital was visited by 1.5 million people. On the stage of the park, R. Kartsev and V.S. Vysotsky, foreign theatrical and musical groups. The Mirror Theater of the Hermitage Garden was chosen as the venue for the shooting of the first game "What? Where? When?". In 1980 the cinema was given to the Theater of Miniatures, headed by A.I. Raikin.

Modern garden life

In the 1980s and 1990s, the Hermitage park experienced a time of desolation. Fortunately, it has already passed. In 1991, the guests of the park opened the theater "New Opera". Theaters "Hermitage" and "Sphere" work here. By the 850 anniversary of Moscow the park was reconstructed. Restoration work has touched many historical buildings.

The Hermitage Garden is now a wonderful place to relax. During the day, young moms like to go out with their babies. From the neighboring yards sometimes schoolchildren also resort. On warm summer days, directly on the garden paths or on the open stage there are non-professional dancers studying the art of classical dance.

With the onset of the evening, the Hermitage Park becomes the venue for various events. In the summer, these are presentations and exhibitions, concerts of stars from abroad, as well as jazz International Festival. In winter, a large ice rink runs in the park.

There is a night club and a Club of tea culture in the garden, as well as several restaurants.

Theater "New Opera"

In the 21st century, the Hermitage park experienced a great shock. On its territory there was a fire. As a result, the part of the historical building that was rented to the club "Diaghilev" was destroyed by fire. The rest of the garden continues to prosperous life, he still remains one of the most beloved places of Muscovites. Here you can spend your free day with pleasure. First just take a walk, admire the flower show or dance with non-professional dancers in the summer open area, and a little later have lunch, visiting the restaurant, and go watch the play.

To date, three theaters are active in the Hermitage Garden. One of them - the "New Opera" - is open in a rebuilt room. Previously, there was the Mirror Theater. In 1997, for the "New Opera" was built a new building.

The theater gained popularity right after the opening. Thousands of spectators sought to get into it to listen to classical works in innovative productions. The most famous of them are Eugene Onegin, Ruslan and Lyudmila, Traviata and others. The performances, performed by the first art director of the theater Evgeny Kolobov, still go on sold-out.

They know and love the theater far beyond the Russian capital. In recent years he was awarded several very prestigious awards. In their list, the diploma "Star of the Week", established by the German newspaper "Abendzeitung", the Russian opera award "Casta Diva" and others. In addition, the theater became a member of the European opera community "Opera Europa".

"Hermitage"

This is another garden theater. Founded by Mikhail Levitin, it exists for more than a decade. "The Hermitage" is valuable for the theater-goers by the fact that on its stage plays are staged by writers of the 1920s.

Among them are Nikolai Oleinikov and Yury Olesha, Isaak Babel and Alexander Vvedensky.
Lately on the stage of this theater shows the performances of the authors of Latin America.

Sphere

This small, but at the same time unusual and very interesting theater in the park "Hermitage" is designed for a mass audience. It was created in 1981. The public is attractive to its openness, because the audience in a small room, in the middle of which the scene is located, often become participants in ongoing performances.

Tea Club

The Moscow park "Hermitage" offers its visitors an unusual pastime. In the garden is a unique club, which presents a whole collection of Chinese tea of elite varieties, as well as exquisite utensils for tea drinking ceremonies.

You can get acquainted in this club with specialized literature. Visitors to the institution take off their shoes and outerwear, sitting directly on soft carpets in small comfortable rooms. Only after this begins the ceremony of tea drinking, which takes place under the guidance of specialists who give new knowledge about a familiar drink.

Walking in the garden

A green corner in the heart of Moscow - the Hermitage park - welcomes its visitors with a cozy and well-groomed territory. In summer fountains work here. Poplars and oaks, maples and lindens grow throughout the park. Between the trees lined paths with benches installed along them. Pleased with an eye planted rose bushes, lilacs and honeysuckle.

In 2000 two sculptures appeared on the park alleys. One of them was donated by the City Hall of Paris. This is the bust of Victor Hugo. Its author is L. Markest. The second sculpture is a gift from the Italian government. This is the figure of Dante Alighieri. The author is R. Piras. In 2004, in the garden after restoration, the first electric lantern of Moscow, which was manufactured in 1880 at the Ekaterininsky plant , was again lit up.