The dispersal of the clouds is the establishment of good weather. The principle of dispersal of clouds, the consequences

Very often the bad weather interferes with our plans, forcing us to spend the weekend sitting in the apartment. But what if there is a big holiday with the participation of a huge number of people in the metropolis? Here, the dispersal of the clouds is coming to the aid, which is carried out by the authorities to create favorable weather. What is this procedure and how does it affect the environment?

The first attempts to overclock the clouds

For the first time clouds began to be dispersed in the 1970s in the Soviet Union with the help of special Tu-16 "Cyclone" jet aircraft . In 1990, the specialists of the State Committee for Hydrometeorology developed a whole method that allows creating favorable weather conditions.

In 1995, during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the technique was tested on Red Square. The results met all expectations. Since then, the dispersal of the clouds began to be used during significant events. In 1998, we managed to create good weather at the World Youth Games. The celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow was not without participation of the new methodology.

Currently, the Russian service dealing with the dispersal of clouds is considered one of the best in the world. It continues to work and develop.

The principle of dispersal of clouds

Meteorologists have a process of dispersal of clouds called "sowing". It implies the spraying of a special reagent, on the nuclei of which the moisture in the atmosphere is concentrated. After this, the precipitation reaches a critical mass and falls to the ground. This is done on the precincts of the city. Thus, the rain passes earlier.

Such technology of dispersal of clouds allows to provide good weather in radius from 50 to 150 km from the center of spent celebration that positively affects celebration and mood of people.

What reagents are used to disperse the clouds

Good weather is established with the help of silver iodide, dry ice, crystals of vaporization of liquid nitrogen and other substances. The choice of the component depends on the type of clouds.

Dry ice is sprayed onto the layered forms of the cloud layer below. This reagent is a carbon dioxide pellet. Their length is only 2 cm, and the diameter is about 1.5 cm. Dry ice is sprayed from an airplane from a great height. When carbon dioxide hits the cloud, the moisture content of the cloud crystallizes. After that the cloud dissipates.

Liquid nitrogen is struggling with layered rain cloudy mass. The reagent also dissipates above the clouds, leading to their cooling. Iodine silver is used against powerful rain clouds.

Dispersal of clouds with cement, gypsum or talc allows avoiding the appearance of cumulus clouds high above the earth's surface. Dissipating the powder of these substances, it is possible to achieve a weighting of the airflows, which prevents the formation of a cloud.

Technique for dispersal of clouds

Operations to establish good weather are carried out using special equipment. In our country, dispersal of clouds is carried out on transport planes Il-18, An-12 and An-26, which have the necessary equipment.

Cargo compartments have systems that allow spraying liquid nitrogen. Some aircraft are equipped with devices for shooting cartridges with silver compounds. Such guns are installed in the tail part.

Pilots who have passed special training administer the equipment. They fly at an altitude of 7-8 thousand meters, where the air temperature does not rise above -40 ° C. To avoid poisoning with nitrogen, the pilots fly the whole flight in protective suits and oxygen masks.

How the clouds are dispersed

Before starting to disperse the cloud masses, the specialists of the meteorological station examine the atmosphere. A few days before the solemn event, aerial reconnaissance clarifies the situation, after which the very operation for establishing good weather begins.

Often, aircraft with reagents take off from a military airfield, located in the Moscow region. Having risen to a sufficient height, they spray on the particles of the drug particles, which concentrate near their moisture. This leads to an abundance of precipitation immediately over the spraying area. By the time the clouds are over the capital, the stock of moisture ends.

The dispersal of clouds, the establishment of good weather brings tangible benefits to the inhabitants of the capital. While in practice this technology is used only in Russia. He is engaged in conducting the operation Roshydromet, coordinating all actions with the authorities.

Cloud overclocking efficiency

It was said above that the dispersal of the clouds began even under Soviet rule. Then such a technique was widely used in agricultural needs. But it turned out that it can also serve the public good. One need only recall the Olympic Games that took place in Moscow in 1980. It was thanks to the intervention of specialists that we avoided the weather.

Several years ago, Muscovites were able to once again be convinced of the effectiveness of dispersal of clouds at the celebration of the City Day. Meteorologists managed to get the capital out from under the powerful impact of the cyclone and to reduce the intensity of precipitation 3 times. Hydromet specialists said that it is practically impossible to cope with a powerful cloud cover. However, the weather forecasters together with the pilots managed to do this.

The dispersal of the clouds over Moscow already surprises no one. Often, good weather during the Victory Day parade is established due to the actions of meteorologists. The residents of the capital are happy with this situation, but there are people who are asking themselves about what such interference in the atmosphere might threaten. What do Hydromet specialists say about this?

Consequences of dispersal of clouds

Meteorologists believe that talking about the dangers of dispersal of clouds have no basis under any. Environmental monitoring specialists say that the reagents that spray above the clouds are environmentally friendly, they can not harm the atmosphere.

Migmar Pinigin, the head of the laboratory of the Institute, asserts that liquid nitrogen does not pose a threat to human health or the environment. The same applies to granular carbon dioxide. Both nitrogen and carbon dioxide are contained in the atmosphere in large quantities.

Spraying of cement powder is also not threatened with any consequences. In the dispersal of clouds, the minimum proportion of a substance that is not capable of contaminating the earth's surface is used.

Meteorologists assure that the reagent is in the atmosphere for less than a day. After it hits the cloudy mass, the precipitate completely flushes it.

Opponents of dispersal of clouds

Despite the assurances of meteorologists that the reagents are absolutely safe, there are opponents of such a technique. Ecologists from Ecodefense say that the forced establishment of good weather leads to heavy torrential rains, which begin after the dispersal of the clouds.

Environmentalists believe that the authorities should stop interfering with the laws of nature, otherwise this can lead to unpredictable consequences. According to them, it is too early to draw conclusions, what are the consequences of the dispersal of the clouds, but they definitely will not bring anything good.

Meteorologists reassure that the negative consequences of dispersal of the clouds are just assumptions. To make such statements, you need to carefully measure the concentration of aerosol in the atmosphere and establish its type. Until this is done, the statements of environmentalists can be considered unsubstantiated.

Undoubtedly, the dispersal of the clouds positively affects the holding of large-scale outdoor events. However, only residents of the capital are happy about this. The population of nearby territories is forced to take the impact of the elements on themselves. Disputes about the benefits and harms of good weather technology continue to this day, but so far scientists have not reached any justified conclusion.