Such an amazing Bay of Bengal

In the science of geography there is a clear concept of what the Gulf is different from the sea. If the first does not have significant features from the rest of the ocean, then in the seas, even open, there is a regime of hydro exchange, a special animal and plant world. In this sense, the Bay of Bengal was undeservedly offended. After all, this is not just a mass of oceanic water moving towards the continent (as, for example, in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Spain), but a real open sea. However, in the east the gulf has its own inner sea - the Andaman Sea, protected from other aquatoria by a chain of the same named islands.

The Bay of Bengal has been known to people for a long time. Even before the Age of geographical discoveries, these waters were plowed by the Chinese, Indians, Persians and Malays. Since the VII century the Arabs have been intensively developing the water area. Using such navigation devices as astrolabe and compass, they advanced from the Persian Gulf far to the east, reaching the coast of Indochina. At the beginning of the XV century in these latitudes there were European ships. Northern aliens contributed to the study of the geographic and climatic features of the seas here, in particular, they discovered and described the influence on the climate in the bay of the powerful trade winds forming on either side of the equator.

The Bay of Bengal does not have a clearly defined southern border. In the west, its cordon is Hindustan and Sri Lanka, and in the east - the Indochina Peninsula. The average depth of this huge open sea is more than two and a half thousand meters, however, the depth variations are very heterogeneous. In the north, thanks to the mighty rivers Brahmaputra, Ganges, Pennara, Krishna, Godovari and Mahanadi, the bottom rises. Water arteries carry out to the sea a multitude of sediments and silt that form the continental shelf. Therefore, in the northern part of the bay and the salinity of the water is less than in the south - 30 per millet against 34. If you look at the water from a height, the difference in the turbidity of water is also noticeable.

The Bay of Bengal is located in the zone of influence of the moist equatorial climate. Seasons of the year here form monsoons. In the south, in winter, a powerful trade-wind flow is established, which in the north passes into the monsoon current. Here, the largest daily fluctuations in the water level are recorded - ebbs sometimes lead the sea to 11 meters. In November and December, over the equatorial part of the bay, powerful tropical cyclones are formed, which fly to the coast, causing significant destruction and leading to human casualties. The lower the shore, the greater damage the element inflicts. So, in the capital of Bangladesh Dhaka, towering above the sea level only eight meters, monsoon water floods the streets to the waist.

Description of the Indian Ocean, especially its fauna and flora, can be attributed to the animal and plant world of the Bay of Bengal. Forever warm waters are inhabited by coral colonies, especially reefs near the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Sri Lanka. Here are found the most diverse fish, jellyfish, crustaceans and mollusks. Ramps (manta) and sharks are very common - coral, tiger, white. Some of these predators penetrate far upstream rivers, attacking humans. From mammals, we can mention several species of dolphins, baleen whales, and also the thunder of the Indian ocean - killer whales.