Elevated red blood cells and leukocytes in urine: causes

Everyone, getting their hands on the results of tests, is worried, and if the doctor talks about elevated red blood cells and white blood cells in the urine, there is reason to think about your health. After all, their high content may indicate the presence of diseases of various organs.

What are white blood cells?

Leukocytes are the formative elements of the blood, namely, white blood cells that have a nucleus. Their formation occurs in the bone marrow and lymph nodes. The main function of leukocytes is to protect the body from foreign agents. Leukocytes are phagocytic active, and besides, they participate in the formation of immunity, as well as in the exchange of heparin and histamine, thereby realizing such components of immune reactions as antibody-forming, antimicrobial, antitoxic and others.

What is the norm of the content of leukocytes in the blood?

To talk about whether red blood cells and white blood cells are raised in urine, it is necessary to understand what norms of the content of these bodies in the blood are acceptable for different age groups. The norm can vary depending on the age of the examinee, as well as on the rate of inflow of cells from the bone marrow.

An increase in leukocyte counts above 10 * 10 ⁹ indicates the development of such a disease as leukocytosis, and a decrease below 4 * 10 ⁹ - of leukopenia.

What are red blood cells?

Erythrocytes are the main elements of blood, their presence in the blood is considerable, but they can be contained in other uniform elements. These blood cells look like a disk, which is slightly thickened at the edges. Such a structure allows them to freely and quickly pass through the circulatory system.

The task of erythrocytes is the oxygenation of organs and cells. Their quantity in blood and urine should correspond to the norm, and if a person has increased protein in the urine, white blood cells and red blood cells, this may be an indicator of the development of a serious disease, for example, pyelonephritis.

The formation of erythrocytes occurs in the bone marrow. They include hemoglobin (two thirds). Each erythrocyte functions for one hundred and twenty days.

Rates of erythrocytes in the urine

If a person does not have health problems and inflammatory processes, the amount of red blood cells in urine must fit within certain limits. The norms for the maintenance of erythrocytes in the urine are different for men and women. For the fair sex, the norm is 0-3, and for the stronger sex - 1-2 units. in sight.

If the results of the analysis show that the number of red blood cells is high, then this indicates hematuria. Is urine brown or red? This indicates an increase in the value of red blood cells. During the day with the emptying of the bladder, about two million red blood cells are excreted.

What diseases are indicated by the appearance of an impurity of erythrocytes in the urine?

Let's say you have red blood cells and white blood cells in your urine. The reasons can be different. But you need to understand what diseases such a deviation can indicate.

First of all, the presence of an increased amount of red blood cells indicates a disease of the kidneys, urethra, prostate, ureters, and bladder. Tumor kidney, cystitis, pyelonephritis, nephrosis, hypertension, urolithiasis - it is with such diseases that the level of erythrocytes can be increased.

What does the increase in erythrocytes and leukocytes in the urine of a woman indicate?

If a doctor discovers a woman has excessive red blood cells and white blood cells in her urine, he may suspect such a disease as endometriosis. Also, the elevation of the blood corpuscles sometimes indicates the presence of menstruation. In this case, a more detailed examination of the urogenital system of a woman may be necessary. If there are no erythrocytes in urine, the fence of which was conducted by a catheter, then this indicates a gynecological disease.

The causes of pathological hematuria are different. It can indicate such diseases as:

• Pyelonephritis, which provokes infectious damage to the kidneys and blood vessels. There is a leakage of blood through the urinary tract and walls.
• Tumors of the kidneys, destroying the blood vessels and provoking bleeding.
• Kidney stones, which act traumatically on organs and vessels.
• Glomerulonephritis, in which the body completely loses the ability to filter out substances.
• Hydronephrosis, in which the stagnation of the withdrawn fluid by the bladder is observed. The pressure rises, which causes bleeding.
• Injuries of the kidneys.

Also, red blood cells, leukocytes and protein in the urine are increased can be with diseases of the bladder and urethra. We are talking about such ailments as:

• Cystitis is an infectious disease that affects the bladder, which reduces its strength, which contributes to the permeation of blood particles into it.
• Tumor of the urethra and bladder.
• Stones in the urinary canal.

Rise of erythrocytes in diseases of the reproductive system

Erythrocytes and leukocytes can increase due to the presence of diseases of the reproductive system in man. For example, with:

• Cervical erosion.
• Infectious processes in the uterus (adenomyosis, endometriosis and others).

Attention! If the erythrocytes in the urine are elevated, the white blood cells are normal, then such an analysis result may indicate the presence of any mechanical damage.

Non-pathological hematuria

As already mentioned above, the increase in erythrocytes in urine in women can be observed during menstruation, which is not a deviation from the norm. But there are other causes that cause an increase in blood cells in the urine.

Far from always elevated erythrocytes and white blood cells in urine are an indicator of the pathological process in the human body, and therefore it does not require immediate treatment. It happens that the reason for the increase in erythrocytes in urine is the physiological increase in the permissible norm of blood cells.

The increase in the indicator can be affected by:

• Alcohol intoxication.
• Strong stressful situation.
• Reception of drugs that prevent the formation of blood clots.
• Excessive physical activity.
• The use of spices and spices in food in large quantities.

Increase of leukocytes in urine

The first cause of an increase in the level of leukocytes in the urine can be an acute inflammatory process. By leukocyte, the localization of inflammation can be determined. For example, if leucocytes with one nucleus have increased, this indicates an exacerbation of kidney disease. If the inflammation is located in the urinary tract, then in the analysis will be found leukocytes with several nuclei.

If inflammation in the kidney is accompanied by a dystrophic disorder or metabolic defects, then leukocytes are found by fatty connections.

With such kidney diseases as pyelonephritis, the greatest number of "renal" leukocytes is observed. With glomerulonephritis, an increase in the number of leukocytes of this type is observed much less frequently.

If the increase in the number of leukocytes is accompanied by eosinophils, this indicates that the inflammatory process is accompanied by an allergic reaction.

The cause of an increase in white blood cells in the urine can become such ailments as cystitis and urethritis.

Other reasons

In addition to the inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system, the increase in leukocytes in the human urine may be caused by other causes.

For example, leukocytes rise during pregnancy, which is absolutely normal. But if you are in a position and your erythrocytes are raised, you need to be alert.

During pregnancy, the activity of the woman's hormonal system is activated. Therefore, there is an increase in leukocytes in the urine. However, it should not be high all the time. The norm is only those periods when there is a fluctuation in the level of leukocytes, that is, they then go down, then rise. Constantly high levels of these bodies indicate an infectious disease. Elevated erythrocytes and white blood cells in the urine, which do not decrease for a long time, are cause for concern.

The child - what to look for?

Elevated levels of leukocytes and erythrocytes in urine occur not only in adults, but also in children. You should pay attention if the child has problems with urination, for example, he began to complain of pain when emptying the bladder or goes to the toilet too often.

Changing the color of urine can also indicate problems. Even if it is insignificant.

To increase the white blood cells in urine indicates turbidity of urine. Therefore, if you notice that the urine is cloudy and there is a sediment in it - beeping.

The increase in the number of blood cells in the urine is not always due to pathological processes in the human body. But it is better to keep track of your well-being and the color of urine. This will help you in time to see a doctor and not give an acute infectious disease to go to a chronic form. Are the leukocytes and erythrocytes in the urine increased? Do not worry, but go for a complete examination. It is much more difficult to treat chronic illness.