Stylistic analysis of the text. An example of the stylistic analysis of artistic, scientific or journalistic text

There are several varieties of the style of the Russian language, among them - colloquial, official-business, artistic. There are two more methods of narration. This is scientific and journalistic styles. For a clear formulation of one's own thoughts, it is important to be able to choose the right words that can accurately convey the meaning that is put into them. For students of lower grades, this is a rather difficult task, since they do not yet fully possess this ability. Even more difficult for them is the task of presenting the read, because it requires the observance of the language tools used by its author. Stylistic analysis of the text greatly facilitates its reproduction.

Distinctive features

Quite often, junior schoolchildren are offered to study works related to different styles of presentation. In this case, each has characteristic features unique to him. Further we will consider in more detail some of them.

Literary presentation

Artistic style is used in writing novels, stories, poems. His appointment is in the author's desire to convey a colorful, lively picture and create an emotional connection with the characters depicted or the actions taking place. The presentation is distinguished by its expressiveness, bright emotional coloring of utterances and the concreteness of the images described.

Carrying out a stylistic analysis of the artistic text, one can notice the use of characteristic language techniques such as:

1. Specific words - for example, a tree, the moon.
2. Words or phrases in a figurative meaning - for example, to beat the buckets.
3. Words with a bright emotional coloring - for example, a son, a granny.
4. Expressive means of conveying the artistic image:

- epithets - the bright sun;

- metaphors - golden hair;

- impersonation - milk ran away;

- Comparisons - white as snow .

The means of expressiveness of speech listed above can be studied in more detail by the example of N. Sladkov's Golden Dream:

"All summer the leaves put their palms and cheeks, backs and tummies to the sun, and before that they poured and soaked in the sun, that by the autumn they had become like suns-purple and golden. They poured in, became heavy and flowed, flew by the winds in the wind. ... ".

"Encyclopedic" presentation

The scientific style of the narrative found its wide application in dictionaries, reference literature, textbooks, scientific works. It is used to transmit disciplinary information. Carrying out the stylistic analysis of the scientific text, we can note the following key features: the clarity of the presentation of the original material, as well as the use of words only in their direct meaning.

Like any other language device, this narrative has its own characteristics. The most pronounced feature of it is the frequent use of special words-terms. The following text perfectly illustrates the specific nature of the scientific style: "Chlorophyll is a green pigment in chloroplasts that causes its coloration in green under the influence of the sun.In the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and converts it into the energy of chemical compounds of internal Substances ".

Periodicals

In periodicals, the journalistic style is most often encountered. This form of presentation of the text is characteristic of journal or newspaper articles. Carrying out the stylistic analysis of the journalistic text, one can immediately note its characteristic linguistic features. In particular, they are:

• Vocabulary of a socio-political nature.
• Proverbs, aphorisms, sayings.
• Appeals.
• Solemn lexicon.
• Offers exclamation and incentive type.
• Rhetorical questions.

A vivid example of a text written in a journalistic style is the statements of A. Mikhanov:

"Let's give peace to the planet Earth, the world is the firm belief of fathers and mothers that their children will grow up healthy and happy." The world is the laughter of children and the silence of cannons.We will leave the guns only for festive salutes.

The purpose of the description

Stylistic analysis of the text allows not only to correctly determine the speech reception used by the author when writing the text, he is also an excellent simulator in the ability to pick up the exact words and to compose from them suggestions for creating his narrative. In addition, the stylistic analysis of the text provides a deeper understanding of the author's design.

Plan of stylistic analysis of the text

Evaluation and reproduction of narrative is more expedient to carry out according to the scheme. We will perform a stylistic analysis of the text. Example:

"Thunderstorm is a natural phenomenon characterized by the appearance of electrical discharges in large storm clouds, as well as between clouds, the surface of the earth and objects located on it." Lightning is accompanied by a strong wind (sometimes squall), heavy precipitation, hail may fall. Steam above the superheated land in hot weather, and also observed when a large mass of cold air moves to a warmer underlying layer. "

1. The subject of the text is a scientific description of such an atmospheric phenomenon as a thunderstorm.
2. The purpose of the narrative is to provide important information about the natural phenomenon and the peculiarities of its occurrence.
3. Genre of presentation - scientific reference article.
4. Type of narration - prosaic.
5. The style of the text is scientific. The material also has a popular scientific sub-structure.
6. Literary environment - narration is of interest to a wide range of readers - from specialists to schoolchildren.

Sample

1. Characteristics of the phonetic style - neutral. This is indicated by:

- even narrative sentences without emotional coloring;

- book (neutral) lexico-phraseological features of the narrative;

- Orthoepy corresponds to the established norms of pronunciation;

- the logical sequence of the presentation of the material, its structural and semantic completeness, as well as the close relationship of individual proposals suggest that the rhythm of the material corresponds to the scientific style.

2. Lexico-semantic combination. In the text there are no synonymous series, unambiguous speech elements and terminological expressions predominate.

3. The vocabulary of the text is active:

- commonly used words are used, such as precipitation, clouds, hail, wind;

- Also in the text is often found characteristic for the scientific article of the vocabulary of limited use, that is terminology;

- there is no emotionally expressive vocabulary;

- the text uses both native and borrowed words from other languages, which is also a characteristic feature of the scientific style;

- there are no expressive means of language.

4. The word-formation characteristic - in the above material, derivative words, obtained with the help of productive suffixes, such as -yann, -sk-, -n-, are often found. In this context, contextual formations and subjective suffixes are missing in the text.

Morphological characteristics

1. The presentation of material in the text has a specific scientific style in the form of the predominance of nouns over the verb.
2. The lack of first-person narrative and appeal to the reader. The text of the information is provided by a third party.
3. The use of nouns paired with qualifying adjectives is the reason for the high information content of the article and its brevity.
4. In the text, too, there are often adjectives that form terminological combinations with nouns.
5. The material uses real active verbs in the present tense, which emphasizes the invariability of the described actions.
6. A large number of participles in various forms, which is also characteristic of the scientific style.

Syntactic Characteristics

The narrative consists of 3 simple sentences, complicated by homogeneous members and participial circulating structures. Speech constructions have narrative character with neutral vocabulary and logical sequence of words. Conclusion: the analysis of each level of the text, and especially of the lexical, is an indisputable proof of the manifestation of the scientific style of speech in the presentation of the material.