Semantic particles. Their features

In this article we will introduce you to semantic particles. We will tell you what they serve, what role they perform. We give examples of sentences containing semantic particles. Consider the various groups of particles, explain the meaning of each of them. Learning to distinguish them from homonymous and other words

Acquaintance with particles

So, let's begin. A particle is an official part of speech that can make emotional shades or serves to form special forms of words. The particles do not change, they are not members of the sentence. There are many particles in the Russian language. There are no clear requirements for their memorization. It is necessary to be able to see them in the text and distinguish them from other official parts of speech and homonymous words (for example, adverbs).

Particles and homonyms

Recall that the homonyms are words that are the same in writing and are the same in sound, but different in meaning. Here are a few simple examples: onions (weapons) and onions (plants), braids (mowing grass) and braids (hair from hair), swords (plural from the word sword ) and swords (from the verb to throw ).

It is important to learn to see particles in the text, to be able to distinguish them from other words. We give such examples.

Give him a drop of hope, and he will do much for you.

In this context, the word is not a particle, but a form of the verb .

And now let your boat down the river.

Here, too, the word can not be a particle, here this word is a form of the verb .

The role of particles in the sentence

What are the semantic particles for? To convey an additional semantic meaning. Also, these semantic elements exist to express the attitude of the speaking subject, strengthen his emotions, and place the necessary accents in the sentence. Let us give examples of semantic elements.

• She arrived.
• Had she come?
• She is unlikely to come.
• Only she came?

Semantic elements in these sentences add shades, as can be seen from the examples given.

Groups and the importance of particles

There are such groups: meaningful particles that emphasize the emotionality of the said (approximately, here), the modal (well, yes) and the formative particles, which in turn are needed for the formation of special forms of the word, can convey various grammatical meanings (yes, yes).

We will pay special attention to semantic particles.

The meaning of the semantic elements is that they can indicate, strengthen the meaning of what has been said. They are divided into the following groups:

1. Indicative (here, here, so, this, in).

We give an example in the sentence.

• That's how we get the long-awaited result of our work.
• That's exactly what I wanted to say.
• This is the best day of my life.
• You got that glass for me.

2. Exclusive and restrictive (only, only, only, only, simply). For example:

• Only you can understand the course of my thought.
• Our trip was simply unforgettable.
• Just a small stroke complements the overall picture.

3. Strengthening (even, even, even, just, straight). Let us give some examples.

• Just great news.
• Even a strong wind did not spoil my mood.
• I will be able to visit you for many more years.

4. Definitive-specifying (namely, just, almost, almost). Here you can give examples.

• These flowers were the most beautiful.
• Just this case was decisive.
• People respected Basil for honesty.

5. Interrogative (is it really, is it, or is it)?

• Is the result of your work unjustified?
• Is it possible to be so irresponsible?
• Is it possible to forget you?
• Is the mirror guilty, if the face is crooked? (proverb).

6. Negative (not, not, not at all, not at all, not at all).

• It was not necessary for me to write letters.
• Far from the most negative examples of this work.
• They sat far from the desks, but in the frozen trenches.

7. Exclamations (which is for, well, how).

• How beautiful this world is!
• What a delight this music is!
• Well, you surprised me!
• What a miracle these tales!
• How the air is pure!

8. With the meaning of doubt (hardly, hardly, ostensibly).

• It is unlikely that we will go on vacation in August.
• Hardly enough fabric to cover the costume.
• To you, it's supposedly bad.

Difference of particles from other words. Ability to find them in the text. Examples

It is very important to be able to distinguish semantic elements from other parts of speech. To do this, you need to remember that you can not ask a question to them. This is their main difference from adverbs. But do not exaggerate the meaning of the semantic elements, just as we should not forget that excessive use of particles leads to clogging of speech, and importantly, the loss of its semantic meaning.

So, we give examples of semantic particles in sentences.

He turned into the alley and went straight. Let's ask the question directly . Went (where?) Directly . Straight - this is an adverb, since in this sentence to this word one can raise the question.

This is directly a miracle! In this sentence, the question can not be put directly to the word, therefore, in this sentence the word directly can be attributed to particles of amplifying significance.

Let us give some more examples.

Not all students remember the material equally simply. Let's put the question to the word simply. Remember (how?) Simply . In this sentence the word is simply an adverb.

Now we construct the sentence so that the word simply can not be raised.

It's incredibly difficult to remember new material.

In this sentence, the word simply fulfills the role of the semantic particle of the amplifying value.

Let us give one more example. I spent only one hour on homework. In this sentence, the whole word is semantic.

Now we construct a sentence so that the word of everything becomes, for example, a pronoun. He was afraid of everything.