Puncture of follicles with IVF. Preparing for puncture of the follicles

It is hardly possible to imagine a full-fledged family without children. As they say, "people meet, people fall in love, marry," but unfortunately, with the offspring, not all. Modern medicine successfully solves this issue. One of the methods is in vitro fertilization. Puncture of follicles with IVF in this case is a mandatory procedure.

What is IVF?

IVF (in vitro fertilization) is the artificial conception of a baby, as a result of which eggs extracted from the ovary are mixed in a test tube filled with nutrient medium with male sperm. A few days after the artificial insemination, the egg is placed in the uterus, where it takes root. Women are recommended to take the hormone progesterone, which prepares the womb for the bearing of the child.

In most cases, the embryo takes root successfully. Often, to increase the chances of pregnancy, they plant two or even three embryos. The test for pregnancy after piece-wise fertilization is delivered in seven to ten days.

If after the procedure there are "extra" embryos, they are frozen to use in the future (when the first time it did not happen to become pregnant or when the couple wants a second child).

Eggs, like semen, you can use your own or donor. The method of in vitro fertilization is indicated for those couples who suffer infertility, women with obstruction of the fallopian tubes, and also for men with incapacitated (slow) sperm.

On average, one procedure of IVF takes from three to six weeks and costs 120-150 thousand rubles. Attempts to become pregnant by means of artificial insemination should be stopped if IVF has failed three times.

Stages of IVF

Before IVF, you need to undergo a complete examination and consult with your doctor about possible risks and complications. The specialist should examine the patient on the armchair, do ultrasound and assign all the necessary tests (blood for hormones, cytological tests of smears, strokes for STDs and so on).

For successful artificial insemination, a woman and a man need:

• Be healthy, do not have acute and chronic inflammatory processes.
• To lead a healthy lifestyle, to give up harmful habits, including coffee.
• Limit exercise.
• Follow the diet, eat vitamins daily.
• Do not take any medication without prescription.

In vitro fertilization is carried out in several stages and can take from three to six weeks.

The first stage is preparation. Includes a full survey of both partners.

The second stage is the stimulation of ovulation. At all normal healthy women during one menstrual cycle one egg ripens. To successfully carry out IVF doctors need to get two or more eggs. Therefore, ovulation is stimulated with the help of various hormonal preparations ("Meganin", "Diferelin", "Organutran", "Menopur", etc.). Such medicines can be prescribed only by a doctor. Tablets are taken under strict supervision of specialists. From time to time, ultrasound may be performed to determine the growth of the follicles.

When the follicles reach 16-20 mm, proceed to the third stage. This puncture of the follicles with IVF - the extraction of mature eggs with a special needle. The procedure takes from 15 to 30 minutes and is performed under local anesthesia involving ultrasound. Simultaneously with the puncture the partner must pass the sperm.

The egg and sperm are sent to the laboratory for further research and fertilization.

The fourth stage is fertilization. The mature eggs are placed in a laboratory tube with a nutrient medium. Then the sperm is injected there. Capacity for one or two days (rarely - five) is placed in the incubator, where the conception takes place. When the cell begins to rapidly divide, it is already called an embryo, which is ready for implantation.

The fifth stage is the transfer of embryos into the uterine cavity. The process takes several minutes and is completely painless. The embryo is inserted into the uterus with a special catheter. "Superfluous" embryos cryopreserve for future use.

The first two weeks the embryo takes root in the uterus. Diagnosis of pregnancy can be done 10-14 days after the procedure. There are cases when the first time pregnancy does not occur. Do not despair. After a while, you can try again. After three unsuccessful attempts, IVF is no longer prescribed.

One of the programs of in vitro fertilization is surrogate motherhood. It is used in cases where a woman can not bear the child by herself. Surrogate motherhood is officially authorized in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and in several US states. In other countries it is either prohibited or not regulated by law.

Puncture of follicles with IVF

The puncture of the follicles is the extraction of mature eggs for further fertilization in vitro. The procedure is performed transvaginally (through the vagina) under general anesthesia. In rare cases, local anesthesia can be done . The extraction of the egg is controlled by ultrasound. The time is 10-15 minutes.

Before follicle puncture it is important to observe the following requirements:

• For two or three days before the procedure you need to refrain from sexual intercourse.
• Observe a special protein diet. For a while, give up the products that cause fermentation.
• Manipulation should be done in the morning on an empty stomach.
• One and a half days before the puncture it is necessary to inject a hCG preparation that will speed up the maturation of the follicles.

After the procedure, the patient may feel slight dizziness, pain in the lower abdomen. Ovaries after puncture of the follicles increase, sometimes up to 12 cm in diameter. There may also be spotting. This state is considered normal.

The appearance of nausea and vomiting, acute pains and heavy bleeding should be alarming. Symptoms should be immediately notified to the doctor, as this can be dangerous not only for IVF, but also for the health of the patient herself.

The main component of artificial insemination is the puncture of the follicles with IVF. Reviews about the procedure are very different, but without her conception of the baby is impossible.

How to behave after IVF?

A married couple who decided on IVF, undoubtedly, very much wants to have a child. After a successful embryo transplant, a woman needs increased love and care. The first days after the procedure, it is better to spend her time at home in bed.

A successful embryo implantation is already the beginning of pregnancy. However, this pregnancy has its own "whims". Very often at first the organism of a woman, in particular the uterus, behaves aggressively towards the embryo-implant and rejects a new life. Therefore, after IVF, miscarriages occur much more often.

In order to stop this phenomenon it is recommended to refrain from physical activities and sex for the first three months. You can not also take hot baths and visit saunas.

It's worth saying goodbye to all bad habits, which are often provocateurs of miscarriages.

A healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition and vitamins are all that is necessary for maintaining a pregnancy. It is important to remember the positive attitude and good emotions. After all, thoughts materialize!

A pregnancy test, as well as blood on HCG, must be given at least two weeks after IVF. In five to six weeks of pregnancy it is necessary to undergo ultrasound, which will confirm the final growth and successful attachment of the embryo to the uterus.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

It should be noted that puncture of follicles with IVF (feedback on the procedure is different) is one of the most important stages of fertilization. However, for its implementation you need as many healthy eggs as possible. To do this, stimulate ovulation with the help of special hormonal drugs. The side effect of drugs is the hyperstimulation syndrome, which leads to an increase in the ovaries, the formation of cysts on them, the rupture of these cysts and the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Avoid unpleasant consequences can be through careful surveys that are conducted before fertilization. The analysis for hormones is necessary. Thanks to him, you can calculate the exact dosage of the drugs and avoid hyperstimulation.

If the patient has found the following symptoms - pain and raspiranie in the lower abdomen, rapid increase in weight, an increase in the circumference of the waist - she needs to immediately consult a doctor. This may be the onset of hyperstimulation syndrome, the average and severe degree of which requires in-patient treatment.

Complications after IVF

Any procedure that is conducted without training or an inexperienced specialist can have negative consequences. This concerns and IVF. So, stimulation of ovulation sometimes leads to hyperstimulation. As a result, ascites may develop - a buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Complications sometimes arise after such a simple procedure as puncture of the follicles. Reviews of some patients have a frightening character - terrible pains, heavy bleeding. All because during the puncture of the follicle can be affected and other organs of the small pelvis.

An equally common consequence of artificial insemination is infection. The main reason - the negligence of doctors, non-sterile conditions.

Therefore, choosing a clinic for IVF is very necessary. And if such manipulation, as a puncture of the follicles, patients' reviews have negative, then the hospital that conducts it should be avoided.

Contraindications to IVF

ECO is a medical manipulation that gives infertile families a chance to become parents. However, this procedure has its own contraindications. It:

• Somatic diseases (diseases of the heart, blood vessels, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, digestive system, hereditary genetic diseases and others).
• Diseases of the psyche.
• Congenital malformations, abnormal structures of the uterus.
• Benign and malignant formations in the uterus, when it becomes impossible to puncture the follicles with IVF (the consequences are the death of the patient).
• Acute inflammatory processes.

After the treatment of these diseases, you can start the IVF program. If treatment of diseases has not brought results, the only way out is to use the "surrogate motherhood" service.

Conclusion

Thanks to new medical technologies, ECO gives many couples a chance to have a baby. Thousands of families have already taken advantage of this opportunity and have safely become parents.

Puncture of follicles with IVF is an obligatory component, without which the conception of a new life is impossible. An egg for fertilization can be given both by a woman who is going to become a mother, and a donor woman.