Prosthetics of teeth with complete absence of teeth. Prosthetic dentistry: types and prices

A white-toothed beautiful smile will certainly cause her owner to feel an obvious or secret pride. However, this is not the main thing for the person. Healthy teeth allow not only to look good, but also to digest food. They are also needed for articulate speech.

However, it also happens that for some reason it becomes inconvenient to smile. Among them:
- Unpleasant color of tooth enamel;
- loss of several or even all teeth.

Causes of the problem

To the loss of teeth can lead to stress and caries, malnutrition, as well as diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontitis. The last three of these causes arise due to bleeding and weakening of the gums, which become more friable and sensitive.

This leads to exposure of the dental tissue and destruction of the enamel. Negatively affects the health of the body and caries. It destroys the tooth enamel, increasing the sensitivity of the dental tissue, and also causes a disease such as angina.

The need for prosthetics

Full adentia, or lack of teeth, prevents full-fledged intake of food. In this case, a person's diction and proportions of the person are violated. All this gives him the greatest discomfort, reducing the quality of life. Prosthetic dentistry with a complete absence of teeth was carried out relatively recently only with the use of removable structures. However, due to the lack of reliable fixation, they cause discomfort during chewing and can fall out of the mouth.

More recently, a new technology has emerged, which deserved special attention. This is implantation, by means of which a full prosthetics of teeth can be made.

What kind of orthopedic structures is best for the patient, should only the doctor decide, based on the condition of the alveolar bone and the gums of the patient.

Options for prosthetics

With the complete absence of the dentition, the patient may be offered the following types of structures:
- non-removable, installed on implanted implants;
- Removable nylon;
- complete removable, the material for the manufacture of which is acrylic plastic.

Prosthetic dentistry with complete absence of teeth can correct such pathology as adentia, offering the patient a wide range of designs. At the same time, all of them will be made using modern technologies.

Removable structures

A full denture may have support on the gum or several implants implanted. Which option is preferable? This will be decided by the doctor, based on the patient's health and the condition of the tissues in the oral cavity. An important factor will be the financial capabilities of the patient, as the prices for various designs have quite a big difference.

Prostheses made of acrylic plastic

These designs are able to hold on to the gum due to a vacuum. The discharged air sucks such dentures. The patients' comments say that acrylic constructions cause considerable discomfort, since they can not reliably fixate in the oral cavity. Among other things, they are not very aesthetic.

Acrylic plastic is a very brittle material. In connection with this, the prosthetics performed with their help with a complete absence of teeth will be relevant for no more than 2-5 years. The specific period of service depends on the condition of periodontal disease. In the case of even insignificant bone resorption, the replacement will need to be made faster. However, considering prosthetics of teeth, types and prices of structures, often stop on the version of acrylic plastic. This choice can be explained by the fact that the system is budgetary and has low cost. In Moscow dental clinics, its cost ranges from 12 to 14 thousand rubles. In the regions for the prosthesis made of acrylic plastic will need to give a little less. On average, the price will be from 8 to 12 thousand rubles.

Soft prosthesis

This kind of structure is made of nylon. They are more elastic than acrylic, and have an aesthetic appearance. However, their fixation is also unreliable. Because of their softness, such prostheses can not provide a complete recovery of the masticatory function. In addition to nylon for the manufacture of soft orthopedic structures, polyurethane can be used.

There is also a third type of flexible prosthesis. These are orthopedic constructions of "Quadrotty", which are performed during thermal processing of plastic.

Each of the types of soft dentures is characterized by the lack of metal. This is a big plus of the design, since many people have an allergy to this element. For greater convenience, the patient can use a cream to fix dentures. It reliably fixes the orthopedic structure in the oral cavity. The cost of these prostheses is slightly higher than that of acrylic plastic. It starts from 25 thousand rubles.

Installation of removable structures on implanted implants

How can we ensure that tooth prosthetics does not cause any special discomfort? Prostheses for their better fixation are installed in a special way. It can be:

1. Lock fastening, relating to the button type. Support for the prosthesis with this option will serve as a mini-implant in the number of two to four pieces. Attaches (globular fasteners) are screwed into them. In the body of the prosthesis there are silicone matrices that play the role of a fixing mechanism.
2. Lock fastening, belonging to the beam type. When used, the main fixing component is the body of the prosthesis, which is installed between two or four titanium structures.

Fixed products

What are other dentures? The most modern type of structures are non-removable versions. They are implants, which can be used both in adentia and in the absence of one or more teeth. Such treatment has two varieties:
- implantation of the full dentition;
- installation of a prosthetic bridge-like type with support on implants.

Implantation of the dentition

The essence of this method is to install implants directly into the jaw. They are implanted into the places of missing teeth. The number of these structures on each jaw should not exceed fourteen pieces.

However, such prosthetics of the teeth with a complete absence of teeth are rare, since certain conditions are required. Among them:
- the presence of a sufficient amount of bone tissue;
- This arrangement of nerve branches, so that it does not interfere with the procedure for installing the titanium structure.

In addition, if you want to make dental prosthetics with the existing problem, the types and prices of different products should be compared in advance. Despite the excellent aesthetic result, the method of implanting the dentition has a very high cost. So, the restoration of two jaws will cost about 50 thousand rubles. The shortcomings of this technique can also be attributed to the duration and complexity of the installation.

Fixed bridges

How to solve the problem that occurs with a complete loss of teeth? The expert can give recommendations on the installation of non-removable structures. What are the types of dentures of this type? They can be cermet or ceramic (metal-free, with a base of zirconium oxide).

Installation of this type of bridges is performed with the help of 6-10 implants implanted in the toothless jaw. They are the supporting elements for the prosthesis. When choosing this method, doctors are advised to use metal-free ceramic structures, as they are more durable and aesthetic.

In the event that a large number of implants can not be implanted in the bone, the prosthesis is performed using the "all-on-4" method. It is concluded in the installation of four titanium structures at the place where the frontal group of teeth was located. Implants, implanted at an angle of forty-five degrees, further serve as a support for a permanent prosthesis.

The advantages of this technique include comfort when using the structure, as well as its durability and strength. The downside of this method is its high cost. For such prostheses it is necessary to lay out from two hundred to three hundred dollars.

Fixation of orthopedic structures

In order to feel confident during a conversation or an important meeting, a person wearing a removable denture should be convinced of its secure attachment. How to achieve this result? To do this, you can use a special gel, glue or cream to fix dentures. These tools allow securely fixing a removable structure in the mouth. They are suitable for temporary prostheses, which will be replaced by permanent prostheses.

A very popular type of attachment of orthopedic structures are locks. As a rule, they are used to fix bridges. But nylon bridges are attached to the gums using a flexible base. This product is created on the basis of natural ingredients, which allow you to hold the prosthesis firmly enough in your mouth. In addition, thanks to the use of natural materials, such a foundation is absolutely safe for health.

In any case, after the installation of a denture, consultation of the dentist is necessary. He will advise that means to fix the bridge, which will suit you the best way.

Apply it in strict accordance with the instructions. This will guarantee the stability and reliability of the prosthesis in the process of using them. Before fixing, you need to thoroughly clean the gums and the very detachable structure. Only after this, a small amount of the drug should be applied to the indentations in the prosthesis. Then they are put on and pressed tightly against the gums for five seconds. To complete the procedure, you should refrain from taking water and food for 5 minutes.

If zinc is included in the formulation for fixing prostheses, then it is recommended to apply it in small amounts and not more than 1 time during the day. Do not use the product if there is sluggishness or weakness, discomfort, and also vomiting or nausea.

How to care for dentures?

Those who are not familiar with the rules for handling orthopedic structures installed in his oral cavity often have to go to the dentist about their repair, as well as the arising problems with the gums. In this regard, due care for dentures is an important component of their operation.

Many people prefer to flush their plug-in jaws with a solution of potassium permanganate or baking soda. However, this can not be done. Such methods have a negative effect not only on the prosthesis, but also on the health of the gums.

In order for artificial teeth to last as long as possible, they should be cleaned using a special tool. Once a week, tablets with a bio-formula can be used. They will not only clean the prosthesis, but also bleach them.

At night, artificial teeth must be removed by placing them in a solution of the disinfectant. This will kill all the microbes that "settled" on the prosthesis in the daytime. Such actions will prevent the appearance of bad breath and inflammation in the gums.

Dentists also recommend cleaning dentures after eating. The brush should be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees to the contact line of the gum and a removable structure. It is necessary to use a specialized cleaning agent.

Careful care is required and non-removable dentures. For their cleaning, the following can be applied:
- special rinse aid;
- dental floss;
- soft brushes;
- Special toothpaste.

An integral part of oral hygiene is regular visits to the dentist.