Prepositions of non-derivatives and derivatives: rule, list, examples

The derivative and non-derivative preposition, first of all, is the official part of speech. He connects the words with each other and shows their dependence on each other. Separately, prepositions can not be used, they always stand near pronouns, nouns or numerals. So...

Pretext

Literally "preposition" means "before the word" and, indeed, they always stand before the words with which the combination is composed.

There are only four preposition-exceptions, which are located both before and after the combined words. It:

• for the sake of boredom, boredom for the sake of;

• go to meet fate, go to meet fate;

• contrary to laws, dreams against;

• Contrary to plans, plans contrary to.

According to the frequency of use, prepositions take place immediately after the names of nouns, verbs and pronouns.

Between the significant words the subordination is determined precisely by means of prepositions.

When grammatical relations are composed of a combination of the oblique case of a noun and a preposition, the value of the latter is obtained.

In word combinations, the connection between words is carried out by means of endings and prepositions. For example, to follow my mother.

Prepositions and cases

In most cases, prepositions are used with any one case:

• With the case of the genitive one can use the derivative and non-derivative preposition y, and also for, before, from, and others;
• With the dative case, the preposition is combined with , in the Russian language there are those that with other cases, except for the dative, are not used at all - thanks, contrary to, according to, contrary to, towards;
• With a case of accusatory pro, through, through , etc .;
• With the instrumental - before, above, between;
• And with the prepositional - oh, at.

Some prepositions are used immediately with two cases, for example:

• Prepositions in and on equally true use with words in accusative and prepositional cases;
• Under and behind - in accusative and instrumental.

Prepositions with and can stand before words in the genitive, accusative and instrumental cases.

With the nominative case, prepositions are not used at all.

Thus, in the foregoing preposition it is possible to find out in which case the word stands, which is of great importance for the correct writing of the endings.

The main morphological sign of the preposition is immutability.

Prepositions by structure

There are prepositions on structure, meaning, relations, origin and structure.

Structurally, prepositions can consist of one word - simple ( o, y, c, on, and others), from two words connected by a hyphen - complex (because of, over , etc.), as well as from Several words - compound ( despite, in connection with , etc.).

Prepositions by value

In the meaning of prepositions there are ranks:

• The prepositions of space show where the action took place- from, to, to, from, from, from , etc. Looked from under the table, came to a stream, lay by the table.
• Temporary indicate the time of events - before, in, before, through, and others. I got up before dawn, I came at five o'clock, it will be in ten minutes.
• Causal pretexts direct us to the cause of what is happening - thanks, from, in view of , etc. He acted thanks to luck, cried for joy, missed due to illness.
• Prepositions target lead us to the goal of action - for, for the sake of, and so on. I bought it for breakfast, shouted for laughter.
• Prepositions of the mode of action direct us to the pattern of action - without, in, from, with, and others. Without fear, with reproach.
• Object prepositions show the object on which the action is performed - about, about, about, about, etc. I heard about the weather, learned about the performance.

Unambiguous prepositions are used with a single case, multiple-valued prepositions - with several. Depending on the case design, the meaning of the preposition may change. Some of them number more than thirty.

Prepositions of non-derivatives and derivatives

A separate block is the classification of prepositions in structure and origin.

Non-derivative prepositions have always been, they are considered primitive, and they have always been pretexts. Like this? It becomes clear from the definition of derivative prepositions, which were originally other parts of speech (for example, adverbs), and with the development of the language began to be used as prepositions - about, behind, in part . Also to the derivatives include prepositions, composed of several simple - because of, over .

Derived prepositions also have their categories depending on the part of the speech from which they were formed:

• from adverbs - adverbial prepositions, they indicate space and time - instead of, against, through, and others;

• from nouns - odious prepositions, express object, and sometimes circumstantial relations - like, in current, in part;

• verbs - verbal, they are formed from verbal participles (verbal forms) and show circumstantial relations: excluding, regardless, etc.

Spelling of prepositions

All derivatives and non-derivative prepositions are written separately from words. Verifies the correctness of writing a question that can be inserted between them. For example, on a table, on a (what?) Table.

If the prepositions are made from adverbs, they are written together: to run towards the sun. It is important to learn to distinguish between prepositions and adverbs. The former are not used without nouns or pronouns: approaching (adverb), approaching (preposition) the traffic light.

We must remember that derivative prepositions in view of, like, about, instead of, like, the result are written together.

Another way to distinguish non-derivative prepositions and derivatives from other parts of speech is to replace it with a similar pretext. For example: because of a breakdown the car could not go - because of a breakdown the car could not go.

The ending is not written in such pretexts as: during, during, after. The reason for this writing was their origin - these prepositions are formed from the accusative case. To distinguish them from nouns, you should try to substitute a definition: in the rough flow of the river, in the tedious continuation of sleep. If this was successful, it means that you have a noun with a preposition.

A hyphen is used to write paired derivative prepositions from under, over and above .

Prepositions of non-derivatives and derivatives have their own exceptions - words with singularities in writing. Through it ends with a soft sign. Through the thick darkness the sun broke through. But the preposition near, as well as on the contrary, is written without a soft sign on the end: near the stream. Prepositions, according to and thanks, stand before the noun or pronoun in the dative, but not the genitive, thanks to diligence.

The spelling of derivatives and non-derivative prepositions

In the middle it is written together in the case when it expresses spatial relations: in the middle of that sea.

Regardless of, despite - in contrast to the verbal participle with the preposition, they are written together and take a concessive value. We walked in spite of the rain. In spite of him, the girl passed by.

Like in the meaning of like, it seems to be written together. Like the berries of mountain ash. Look at the similarity of isosceles triangles.

In the view of, the preposition about has a coherent spelling. Compare: gave instructions about the subbotnik. He instructed to put money into the account.

It is written in the same way , but do not confuse it with the meeting. For example, towards a sunny day; To meet his youth.

A fairly complex derivative preposition, which is not similar to a noun, not only by a coherent spelling, but also by the final letter e - due to. This is a synonym for the preposition because of. Due to earthquake no one was hurt. In the investigation into the case, some changes were made. There is an adverb afterwards , it is always always written together with the letter and the end.

Following is written together, when it is synonymous with an excuse for . After him quickly went. A trace followed.

It seems like like or sort of written together. Like a shadow, maybe light. In his family there were often merry fellows.

Taking a causal or investigative meaning, the preposition is (because of) a coherent spelling. Due to a strong storm, the signal was weak. If it touches space, then it is spelled separately. In view of these bushes, there was nothing special. Exception: bear in mind.

Separate Writing Prepositions

The list of derivative and non-derivative prepositions, which are written separately, looks like this:

• in business;
• In connection with;
• In execution;
• To change;
• to avoid;
• Finally;
• as;
• In moderation;
• by virtue of;
• for;
• as;
• Unlike;
• In the continuation;
• during.

Prepositions and other parts of speech

Prepositions non-derivative and derivative especially, often sound similar to other parts of speech. In order not to be confused and not mistaken when writing them, you should remember a few rules and features.

Make sure that before you the preposition derivative, you can, replacing it with another without losing the semantic meaning. Due to lack of materials, the house was not completed. Due to lack of materials, the house was not completed.

Preposition: derivatives and non-derivative prepositions
Prepositions	Adverbs	Notes
In front of the garden	I stand opposite	Derivatives and non-derivatives Prepositions: examples of writing. If there is no number of a noun Is an adverb. Otherwise - an excuse.
In front of the column	Fly in front
near the house	Lie near
Inside the box	Paint inside
Around the bath	Looked at the kagum
Along the hedge	Stitch along
Near the sandbox	No one near
According to the order	Think according to
Around the glade	Beauty around
In view of the bad weather	In view of his
Have dinner with you	Have lunch together
Be homesick	See in the distance
Prepositions	Nouns
About the offer	The account received funds
Due to lightning	As a result, amendments were made
During the lecture	During the rivulet	Prepositions of non-derivatives and derivatives that have a time value are interchangeable: among them, during, in continuation. To distinguish them from a noun with an unproductive pretext will help that in the case of the latter, there is no time. Even before the noun, you can insert a definition.
In continuation of what has been said	In the continuation of the article
Heard in conclusion	In the review report he heard
Due to lack of time	Nobody believed in his power
Prepositions	The gerunds
Thanks to the light	Thanks mom
Despite the pain	Not looking in the window

Analysis of the preposition: morphology

Derivatives and non-derivative prepositions: the rule of morphological analysis contains three points.

1. Preposition: part of speech. It is necessary to give a definition of the preposition and its grammatical meaning (in which phrase it stands, for the connection of which words it is used, with what case it is used, with which it can still).
2. Constant morphological features of the preposition (structure, structure, digitity).
3. Preposition: the syntactic role (which member of the proposal is included).

Attention! Prepositions

To learn how to correctly write derivative and non-derivative prepositions, exercises should be performed as often as possible. Especially the derivatives that are formed from independent parts of speech are so easily confused with the name of a noun, adverb or gerund, thereby making a mistake.

The above table will help you memorize or learn faster how a particular preposition is written. Derivatives and non-derivative prepositions are found in almost every sentence, their list is very extensive, so when writing to them it should be treated with special attention.