Periodical physical examination, order and timing of medical examinations by representatives of various professions

Many professions are associated with dangerous or harmful factors that adversely affect a person's life. Some people and do not have the opportunity to study this or that craft for health reasons. For the prevention of industrial accidents and for the prevention of occupational diseases, there is a compulsory periodic medical examination. Consider the rules of its organization and identify the persons responsible for it.

Legislation on the procedure of medical examination

For occupational safety the employer is fully responsible. The law entrusts him with the duty to organize in a timely manner the passage of a medical examination when applying for a job or during a working life. The following regulatory documents regulate this obligation:

• TC RF.
• Order of Rosminzdrav in 2004, establishing a list of hazardous and harmful production activities, which require periodic medical examinations of employees.
• The order of Rosminzdravmedprom, which contains information on the category of employees subject to compulsory medical examination with indication of its periodicity.
• Branch documents (sanitary rules and regulations).

The Labor Code requires employers to organize a medical examination by an employee who must comply with the requirements of medical supervision. Violation of the rules by an employee or employer can lead to administrative liability. Not passed in time periodic medical examination will result in the removal of the employee from the performance of official duties. And if this is the fault of the employer, the duration of the downtime will be paid. Otherwise, the person will remain without pay.

Concept and objectives of the medical examination

Medical examination is a complex of measures and interventions aimed at diagnosing the pathological conditions of a person and preventing the risks of developing occupational and other diseases. Periodic procedures are conducted to monitor the health of employees and reduce occupational injuries. For each type of occupation , the deadlines are set, in which the employee is obliged to show up to the doctors.

Periodic medical examination is aimed at monitoring and timely response to changes in health status. It is thanks to such activities that it is possible to recognize the development of occupational diseases at the initial stages and begin timely treatment. The results of the survey may prompt the employer to transfer the employee to a less hazardous area of production. The verdict of the medical commission ultimately confirms the fact of the employee's suitability for the performance of his duties, or, on the contrary, does not admit him to them.

Prerequisites for Medical Examination

Periodic medical examinations are carried out at certain times, which depend on the degree of hazard of production factors and their type of harmfulness. Determine whether any unfavorable conditions are affecting the employee, perhaps with the help of an appendix to Order No. 302n.

If any of the above factors is affected, periodic medical examination should be conducted at least once a year.

Today, with almost any job, you need to undergo a preliminary medical examination. And this is not a whim of the employer. Preliminary and periodic medical examinations, in addition to employees exposed to hazardous and harmful factors, are employees:

• Treatment-and-prophylactic and children's institutions;
• Food Industry;
• Trade;
• Catering;
• Water supply facilities.

Obligatory inspection is carried out in order to protect the population from the occurrence and spread of dangerous diseases.

Referral for a physical examination

Preliminary and periodic medical examinations are regulated by Order No. 302n. In the first case, before applying for a certain position, the employer issues a direction to the applicant in which the data on the enterprise, the prospective position and the nature of harmful or dangerous production factors (if any) are indicated. The list of specialists and laboratory-functional studies that need to be passed to a future employee is established in accordance with the List of works and harmful factors. The medical board is considered complete if all the prescribed procedures are met. At this stage, a medical report is formed that allows or prohibits an employee from holding a certain position. It is important to understand that in the event of a negative decision of the medical commission with the applicant, a labor contract can not be concluded.

Periodical medical examinations of employees are carried out within the time specified in the List of works and harmful factors. Two months before the next medical examination, the employer must give the employee direction. The employee undertakes to report to the specified medical institution on time.

Organization of periodic medical examinations

Before sending employees to a medical institution for medical examination, the employer has several cases to perform. First of all, it is necessary to make a list of the contingent of workers. This is a regulatory act of the enterprise, containing information about the professions of employees who are subject to a preliminary or periodic medical examination. A sample form for this document is not provided, but a list of data that should be included in it is developed:

• The position of the employee according to the staff schedule;
• Name of harmful production factors or type of work.

This may include additional information at the discretion of the employer. The list of contingents is approved once, until there are any changes in the enterprise (new jobs, improvement or deterioration of working conditions, reorganization). The finished document is sent to Rospotrebnadzor.

Roll-in lists of persons are developed annually two months before the agreed date of medical examination. It always indicates the length of service in the conditions of the declared production factor. It should be noted that the passage of a periodic medical examination is carried out at least once in 2 years in a medical institution and once in 5 years in the center of occupational pathology. The lists are made up individually.

Issue of an order

The enterprise concludes a contract with a medical institution in which the employees will undergo another medical examination. After agreeing the terms, a calendar plan of surveys is drawn up, with which it is necessary to familiarize the workers. Each person from the surname list confirms the fact of being informed by a personal signature. At the same time, the employee may be given a referral for periodic medical examination.

The need for planned preventive measures is confirmed by the issuance of an order, which is drafted in an arbitrary form. Let us consider the approximate content of this document:

Order "On conducting periodic medical examination"

In accordance with Art. 212, 213, 266 of the LC RF,

I ORDER:

1. To approve the lists of employees who are subject to mandatory medical examination in 2016. The schedule of preventive measures and the list of employees is attached.
2. To send the employees listed on the list to the medical facility "City Polyclinic No. 2" in accordance with the established schedule for the medical examination.
3. Heads of departments and departments do not allow these employees to perform their duties until the surveys are completed.
4. Heads of departments and departments to familiarize workers with the order under the signature.
5. Control over the execution of the order is assigned to IV Ivanov

After that the name of the director, his personal signature and attachments with the surname list of persons who need to report to the medical institution for medical examination are indicated. The order for periodic medical examinations is an obligatory document, which is drawn up on the basis of the RF Customs Code and the Order of Rosmizdrav No. 302n.

Periodicity of examination for certain professions

As already mentioned, the health of employees is monitored on the condition that the latter work in harmful and dangerous production, polyclinics and representatives of professions who are in any case in contact with a large number of people visit the clinic regularly. Mandatory periodic medical examinations are necessary for employees:

• The food industry, food trade, public catering - twice a year, studies are carried out for infectious diseases and STDs, as well as analysis for the carriage of staphylococcus and other bacteriological studies. Once a year, fluorography is prescribed, consultation of the therapist and laboratory tests for the presence of helminths.
• Children's preschool, school and secondary professional, medical institutions - examination for the presence of STDs, infectious diseases and bacteriological studies are conducted up to 4 times a year. The general therapeutic committee with the passage of fluorography and laboratory tests is obligatory once a year.
• Pharmacies and non-food trade - once a year, a dermatovenereologist, a therapist, fluorography and the delivery of laboratory tests are shown.
• Community and household services of the population and basins - 2 times a year are screened for the presence of STDs and once a year they undergo standard medical examination. Vaccination against diphtheria is mandatory.

It should be noted that in the number of surveys regardless of the profession included such procedures as fluorography, a blood test for syphilis, bacteriological tests for STDs, examination by a drug specialist and a psychiatrist. For women, a visit to the gynecologist is compulsory.

Medical examination of persons working in hazardous and dangerous production

Depending on the category of hazards, the time limits for the passage of mandatory medical commission by employees are established. It is worth taking into account that regardless of the length of service and profession, persons subject to annual inspection are:

• Up to 21 years;
• Employed in the Far North (including in equivalent areas) from another locality;
• Working on a rotational basis.

Consider the frequency of medical examination depending on the conditions of work (profession).

Do not forget that there is a professional periodic medical examination, which must be completed at the center of occupational pathology once in five years.

Medical examination before the beginning of the working day (shift)

Some employees, who are responsible not only for their own lives, undergo a small physical examination every day. This includes workers employed in dangerous and harmful industries. Purpose: to monitor the state of health after a day's work and fixing complaints about well-being. Periodical physical examination at work is carried out by drivers of all land vehicles, as well as by pilots. This time is included in the working day (shift) and takes 15 minutes to force, unless, of course, there is a suspicion of deterioration of the employee's condition. Procedures include pulse measurement, pressure, general health assessment and response. Periodic medical check-up of drivers obligatory includes a check of clarity of consciousness. In the presence of alcoholic or narcotic intoxication (which is confirmed or denied by express tests if necessary), the employee is removed from the voyage. A medical distraction from the performance of labor duties can also become a general malaise, pressure drops.

Legislation has decided that it is mandatory to pass a pre-trip check of drivers for each enterprise or IP. Everyone who is hired on a vehicle that belongs to a legal entity undergoes a medical examination. The doctor or feldsher decides on the admission of the employee to work. Conclusion honey. Personnel must be strictly observed.

Who pays?

To the employee undergoes periodic medical examination, you must pay for preventive procedures. On whose shoulders is the cost of medical examination? When hiring and performing work, the cost of the medical examination is borne by the employer. This rule is regulated by the RF TC (Article 213). The enterprise freely choose a medical institution. Before entering into a contract with an organization, you should make sure of the following:

• The organization has a license;
• In the list of services and works in the appendix to the license it is noted that the institution has the right to conduct medical examinations or examination of professional suitability;
• Has in staff all the necessary specialists;
• Owns the required equipment;
• Renders services to the address specified in the license.

It is also necessary to clarify the procedure for examination by a narcologist and a psychiatrist. Often, additional visits to dispensaries are required to obtain information about mental and physical health. The cost of services is determined based on the number of required consultations and studies.

Even if the applicant does not find employment after the medical examination, the employer has no right to demand reimbursement of expenses. Deductions from wages or self-calculation for a preventive examination are illegal in relation to the employee. The employer is obliged to assume all expenses and, in addition, to save the employee's salary during the passage of the medical commission within the average daily payment.

Periodic medical examination is an important measure that allows timely diagnosing professional and dangerous diseases for society. Procedures are performed primarily in the interests of the employee. Both the employer and the employee should comply with the requirements of the law on the passage of medical examinations. Violations lead to administrative fines for a considerable amount.