Dystrophy of the Retina

Dystrophy of the retina is the most common cause of visual impairment in older people. The tissues of the retina are irreversibly destroyed, which gradually suppresses the functions of the visual organs.

Various factors are mentioned in connection with the development of the disease. The most common cause is the accumulation of degradation products in tissues. Especially doctors note the role of circulatory disorders, intoxication and infections.

Myopia is a prerequisite for the onset of retinal dystrophy. The increased transverse size of the optic organs exerts an increased pressure on the ocular membrane.

Dystrophy of the eye can be caused by diabetes, smoking, obesity, high blood pressure. Pregnancy, cardiovascular diseases, pathologies of the thyroid gland, trauma also contribute to the development of the disease.

The first symptom of the disease is a deterioration of vision: the clarity of visible objects is reduced near. The progressive form of the disease leads to a distortion of the perceived image. The visual perception of the patient is characterized by a bifurcation of the subject, broken lines, blind spots. But it is not possible to completely blind in the case of retinal dystrophy.

Chorioretinal dystrophy of the retina is also referred to as age-related macular degeneration of the retina and is inherent in people over fifty. This disease contributes to a complete loss of central vision with preservation of the peripheral in norm.

Clear perception of objects is impossible without a central view, so patients can not read or drive, and also perform work that requires clear coordination of vision.

The most severe form is the wet form of the disease manifestation. She can not be treated well. Cells of the macula are destroyed for several years.

Peripheral dystrophy of the retina is accompanied by changes in the lateral parts of the fundus. The early stage of the disease can take place without any visible signs. Diagnosis should be performed on special ophthalmologic equipment. At a later stage, the disease can cause detachment or retinal rupture.

Pigmentary dystrophy of the retina is considered a rare anomaly, which is due to heredity. Violation of the photoreceptors causes the development of the disease.

The mild form of the disease slightly reduces vision in poor light. Heavy contributes to blindness.

For the diagnosis of retinal dystrophy, laser scanning is used. For this purpose, an optical tomograph is used. In addition, the disease is diagnosed with central computer perimetry, fluorescent antigraphy.

Treatment of retinal dystrophy (in the case of a chorioretinal type) is performed by photodynamic therapy, laser photocoagulation, and medication injections. These drugs are a special protein that can inhibit destructive processes in the eye's macula.

If the patient has retinal pigmentary degeneration, the treatment is performed physiotherapy. To do this, magneto- and electrostimulation of the eye tissues is used. But these methods of treatment are not very effective. To improve blood supply to the retina, vasore-constructive operations are performed.

Laser coagulation is also used for preventive purposes in peripheral dystrophy. This method excludes invasive methods of treatment and is carried out on an outpatient basis. The advantage of laser coagulation is that the rehabilitation period is reduced to a minimum, and quite often there is none at all.

In addition, vitamin and dietary therapies are used as additional methods of treatment and prevention.