Osteomyelitis of bones - not a sentence

Osteomyelitis is a severe purulent-necrotic disease of the bone marrow. It affects not only the bone marrow, but the entire bone, and then it is transmitted to nearby tissues. The causative agents of the disease are bacteria or mycobacteria that produce pus.

Osteomyelitis of the bone can be transmitted in different ways:

• Through the bloodstream (hematogenous variety),

• From the source of another inflammation,

• With penetrating wounds or treatment of fractures (posttraumatic type),

• During the treatment of teeth or the installation of dentures (odontogenic type).

When bacteria get into the body, the place of their accumulation is surrounded by leukocytes, which, in an effort to destroy the infection, produce enzymes that destroy the bone. The bone, bone marrow, surrounding soft tendons and tendons die off, and then covered with a new bone tissue, forming a place for the permanent dislocation of the infection.

Investigating the inflamed area, you can determine the type of osteomyelitis. It can be acute or chronic. In turn, acute osteomyelitis of the bone is also divided into varieties caused by different causes and differently flowing.

Osteomyelitis in newborns occurs in a third of babies. Infection affects the tubular bones, and in the most severe cases, multiple lesions occur. Often this leads to lifelong arthritis.

Acute osteomyelitis can be septic-piemic, local or toxic.

Symptoms of the first type: a sharp significant fever, nonsense, repeated vomiting, jaundice, loss of consciousness.

Local bone osteomyelitis develops extremely quickly. During the day or two the temperature rises, there is swelling of the skin, redness. Severe pain changes the position of the affected limbs, giving them a forced unnatural position. The limb is losing the ability to move. However, in general, the condition of the patient is somewhat easier than with the septic-pieemic form.

The toxic form proceeds lightning fast, but is rare. Symptoms grow like a snowball. The temperature rises sharply, acute intoxication of the organism is observed. He accompanies with strong vomiting, the symptoms of meningitis increase. Cramps are becoming more frequent, which are replaced by adynamia, in which a person is unable to move. Pressure drops to a critical level, and cardiac arrest may occur . Since, unlike other forms, first there are general symptoms, and not local signs, the formulation of a correct diagnosis can be difficult.

Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw can occur as a result of neglected caries (odontogenic), get through the blood from the tooth or other affected organ (hematogenous), develop on the basis of any trauma (post traumatic).

Odontogenic osteomyelitis often occurs on the lower jaw, and the upper one is affected only in a third of cases. The causative agents of this species are streptococci, staphylococci, anaerobic bacteria.

The source of infection in hematogenous osteomyelitis of the jaw can be tonsillitis, scarlet fever, typhoid, any other infectious or purulent diseases.

Symptoms of the osteomyelitis of the jaw:

• A sharp pain in the tooth, which increases with a tapping,

• Loosening of adjacent to infected teeth,

• Swelling of the oral mucosa, the appearance of abscesses,

• An increase in lymph nodes on the neck,

• jaundice,

• temperature increase,

• Lethargy,

• Sharp pressure fluctuation.

When diagnosing "osteomyelitis of the bones", step-by-step treatment is prescribed:

• Removal of the affected tissue. It is carried out by an operational way;
• Filling the bone with material taken from donors and purified from all antigenic substances;
• Complex treatment with drugs, including antibiotics.

Osteomyelitis in chronic form leads to the formation of purulent fistula, sometimes to a change in the length of the limb. The period of remission can last many years.