Organs of human senses and their functions

The organs of human senses are designed to interact with the surrounding world. They have five people:

- the organ of vision - the eyes;

- the organ of hearing - the ears;

- smell - nose;

- Touch - skin;

- taste - language.

All of them react to external stimuli.

Bodies of taste

A taste is peculiar to a person. This is due to the special cells responsible for the taste. They are in the language and are combined into taste buds, each of which has 30 to 80 cells.

These gustatory bulbs are located on the tongue of mushroom papillae, which cover the entire surface of the tongue.

In the language there are other papillae that recognize different substances. There are several species concentrated, each of which distinguishes "its" taste.

For example, salty and sweet determines the tip of the tongue, the bitter is its base, and the sour is the side surface.

Olfactory organ

Olfactory cells are located in the upper nasal part. Various microparticles enter the nasal passages on the mucous membranes, due to which they begin to contact the cells responsible for the sense of smell. This is promoted by special hairs that are in the thickness of the mucus.

Pain, tactile and temperature sensitivity

The sense organs of a man of this species are very important, because it allows you to protect yourself from various dangers of the surrounding world.

Special receptors are scattered on the surface of our body. Cold reacts to cold, heat - thermal, painful, touch - tactile.

The most tactile receptors are in the area of the lips and at the fingertips. In other parts of the body, such receptors are much smaller.

When you touch something, tactile receptors are irritated. Some are more sensitive, others less, but all collected information is sent to the brain and analyzed.

Vision

The sense organs of man include the most important organ - sight, through which we receive almost 80% of all information about the external world. The eye, oculomotor muscles, tear apparatus, etc. are the elements of the organ of vision.

In the eyeball there are several shells:

- a sclera, called the cornea;

- a vascular membrane that passes from the front to the iris.

The eyeball inside is divided into chambers filled with jelly-like transparent contents. Cameras surround the lens - a transparent disk for viewing objects that are close and far away.

The inner side of the eyeball, which is opposite to the iris and cornea, has photosensitive cells (rods and cones) that convert light streams into an electrical signal entering the brain through the optic nerve.

The lacrimal apparatus is designed to protect the cornea from germs. Lacrimal fluid continuously flushes and moisturizes the surface of the cornea, providing it with sterility. This is facilitated by occasional eyelashes blinking.

Hearing

The organs of the senses of the person include the organ of hearing, which consists of three components - the inner, middle and outer ear. The latter is the auditory shell and auditory canal. From it the eardrum separates the eardrum, which is a small space, the volume of about one cubic centimeter.

The eardrum and inner ear hide in themselves three small bones, called "hammer", "staple" and "anvil", which provide the transmission of sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear. The sound snoring organ is the snail, which is located in the inner ear.

The snail is a small tube twisted in a spiral in the form of two and a half special turns. It is filled with a viscous liquid. When sound vibrations enter the inner ear, they are transmitted to the fluid that sway and acts on sensitive hairs. Information in the form of impulses is sent to the brain, analyzed, and we hear sounds.