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Leninist Komsomol: the birth of the Komsomol in the USSR

The Komsomol is a mass patriotic organization of Soviet youth. In history, there are no other examples of the youth movement, which over the years of its existence embraced more than 160 million people and could boast of real achievements. Civil war, labor five-year plans, heroism in the years of the Great Patriotic War, virgin land, Komsomol strike construction projects - all this is the Komsomol. The birth of the Komsomol is not an act imposed from above, it is the unification of energy and the heat of the hearts of young people who dream of being useful to their Motherland.

Prehistory

The initiator and ideologist of the organizational completion of attempts to create numerous youth groups was VI Lenin. And they were created before the revolution. First the youth primarys were formed within the party and united workers and students. It was the student body that was the most revolutionary estate of that time. During the period of Dual Power (February-October 1917), when history could unfold both toward the bourgeois and towards the socialist system, NK Krupskaya and VI Lenin worked out a program of revolutionary youth associations.

In large cities, organizations were created that became the basis for creating a structure of an all-Russian scale. For example, the SSRM (Union of Socialist Workers' Youth) in Petrograd, which approximates the Komsomol's Birthday.

Congress of Workers 'and Peasants' Youth

In the midst of the Civil War (1918), the first congress of delegates from disparate youth organizations across the country was held in Moscow. 176 people arrived from everywhere: from territories captured by the White Guards, as well as the German army (Ukraine, Poland); From the separated Finland and the self-proclaimed Baltic republics, as well as from Vladivostok, occupied by Japan. They were united by the desire to create a new power, built on the principles of justice. The opening day of the congress (October 29) will go down in history as the Komsomol's birthday, which united more than 22,000 people.

The adopted charter and the program of the All-Russian organization stated that it is independent, but operates under the leadership of the Communist Party, which determined its ideological orientation. The main speaker was Lazar Abramovich Shatskin, the author of the program. His name is little known in the country, because during the Stalinist repressions he will be shot for accusation of Trotskyism. Like many other first secretaries of the Central Committee, who headed the organization until 1938.

RKSM Symbolism

The lists of the delegates of the first congress have not been preserved even in the archives. In the future, the task arose of identifying membership in an organization that bore the name of the RKSM (Russian Communist Youth League). Since 1919, Komsomol tickets have appeared. In the conditions of the Civil War, during which three mobilizations were announced by the Central Committee, they were stored and protected at the cost of living. A little later, the first icons appeared. Their release, at first in insufficient quantity, was handled by the Komsomol itself. The birth of the Komsomol was immortalized by four letters of the RCYM on the background of a flag with a star. The badges were presented to the leaders of production and the best representatives of the organization.

Since 1922 a new uniform form has been approved with the abbreviation KIM, meaning the Communist International of Youth. The form will change also in 1947, having acquired the final form only in 1956. It will already be given to all those who join the ranks of the organization along with the Komsomol ticket.

Tasks of the Komsomol

In 1920, the Civil War continued, but it became clear that the Red Army was winning. This put before the Bolshevik Party serious tasks to restore the destroyed economy, create an energy base of the country and create a new society. The state needed competent staff, so 2.10. 1920 at the next (III-rd) Congress of the Komsomol with a speech made by VI. Lenin, who determined the mission of the newly created organization: to study communism. In its composition, there were already 482 thousand people.

In the year of the birth of the Komsomol it was important to win, now it was necessary to form the generation that was to live in other social conditions. The working-class front was to replace the military front. Grandiose accomplishments in the pre-war years were made possible thanks to the participation of working youth in collectivization, Komsomol construction, patronage over the war, the movement of "thousands" (who fulfilled the plan by 1000%) and receiving higher professional education (rabfaki). Many Western analysts believed that the success of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War was made possible through the education of a man of a new formation that places the interests of the country above personal ones, in which the Komsomol succeeded.

The birth of the Komsomol: the name of Lenin

In January 1924, the country was shocked by the news of the death of Lenin, the leader of the world proletariat and the leader of the country. In the summer of the same year, a congress (VI) of the RCYU was held, at which the question of awarding the name of Lenin to the Komsomol was decided. The appeal spoke of a firm determination to live, fight and work in a Leninist way. His book "Tasks of Youth Unions" became a desktop for every member of the Komsomol.

The birthday of the Leninist Komsomol (12.07) added the letter "L" to the abbreviation of the organization's name, and for the next two years it was called RLSKM.

The status of the All-Union Organization

The date of formation of the USSR is 30.12.1922, when the union state included four republics: the RSFSR, the Byelorussian SSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Transcaucasian SFSR. The status of the all-Union Komsomol organization was received in 1926 at the Seventh Congress. Birthday of the Komsomol of the USSR - March 11, while retaining the LCYU of all the union republics. Such a structure existed until the Komsomol was alive. The birth of the Komsomol in 1918 ended with its self-dissolution in September 1991, which is due to the collapse of the Union. Despite the emergence of organizations that consider themselves the successors of the Komsomol - the Young Communist League of the Russian Federation, the RCYM, the RCYM (b), there is no such mass structure in the history of the country anymore. In 1977, its members were 36 million people, almost the entire population of the country from 14 to 28 years.

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