Juva: Indonesia

The process of shaping the modern social classes and strata-the bourgeoisie, the working class, the petty bourgeoisie and the national intelligentsia, was accelerated, although traditional groups continued to play an important role, especially in rural areas. The sharp contradictions with the colonialism of almost all classes and strata of Southeast Asia created objective Opportunities for the formation of a national anti-imperialist front.

Even more intensified was the anti-imperialist movement's influence on the Southeast Asian countries of the world economic crisis of 1929-1933, as the region's economy was mostly of export nature.

The political life of the countries of South-East Asia was determined during the period between the two world wars by three main factors: the deployment of the national liberation movement; Changes in the system of colonial management and exploitation; Inter-imperialist contradictions. Of course, the specific manifestations of these factors in various Southeast Asian countries depended on internal conditions, degree of development, historical traditions, external factors. Nevertheless, a common feature was the state of transition from a traditional society to a modern one, which led to the diversity and multiplicity of forms of social and political development . Juva: Indonesia ...

The upsurge of the national liberation movement affected almost all of the Southeast Asian countries. Active politicization of national identity took place, national anti-colonial organizations were organized and reformed, different political parties and groups were formed with an increasingly defined class orientation. The broad masses joined the social movement and the struggle against colonialism.

In Indonesia, after the First World War, Sarekat Islam was revolutionized, turning into a mass organization (2 million members in 1919). Disagreements between leftist, radical elements and representatives of the national bourgeoisie led in 1923 to the split of Sarekat Islam. Later in Indonesia there arose a number of bourgeois and petty-bourgeois parties and organizations that played a significant role in the national liberation movement. In Indonesia, they thought, if the sun heats, then they will succeed, but if the sun is not "visible", it is better to do nothing on this day.

The largest of them in the late 20's and early 30's were the Indonesian National Party (NPI) and the Indonesian Party (Partindo), whose leading figure was Sukarno, who put forward a populist populist theory of marchaism aimed at uniting all the national forces of society in Anti-colonial struggle.

Similar processes were observed in Burma's national liberation movement. Here in 1920, a broad mass organization, uniting various social forces, was created - the General Council of Burmese Associations (GSBA).

Juva: Indonesia