Homeliness, Building
How to strengthen the old foundation of the house? How to strengthen the foundation of the old house with your own hands?
Nothing in the world lasts forever - this saying goes well to the foundations of old houses. Throughout the operation time, they are exposed to external influences, gradually their physical characteristics become worse, and they are destroyed. Owners of houses notice cracks on the walls, distortions of window and door openings. All these signs say that the foundation of the house is unfit for use, and repairs are required to restore it.
How to strengthen the old foundation of the house? This issue is becoming topical for many owners of such buildings.
If the owner himself built his house, then he knows all the nuances of erecting its foundation. In the repair work it will be much easier. But if the house was bought already ready, you will have to understand all the intricacies of the foundation's condition before proceeding with the repair work.
The work to strengthen the foundation is different from the creation of a new foundation or simple repair. If you do not have confidence that you can deal with it yourself, then hire professional builders. And if you want to save the money of the family budget, then, having studied the recommendations and advice written in this article, do this work yourself.
Next, we will consider how to strengthen the old foundation of a private house.
Stages of repair work
First of all, we need to find out the main reason, which led to the destruction of the base of the house. This will eliminate it and secure the basis of the building from further destruction.
Causes that affect the integrity of the foundation
The technological process of construction was not observed. In this case, the repair work will be conducted at random. Their high-quality implementation will increase the life of the structure by another 20-30 years.
The level of groundwater has changed. Repair work involves the arrangement of drainage of the base.
There was a motion of the ground.
After determining the main reason, you need to outline the stages of repair work and prepare for their implementation.
Methods of strengthening the old foundation
There are several ways to answer the question of how to strengthen the old foundation of the house. Some of them prescribe the use of the latest technologies, but many developers continue to trust the old methods tested over the years.
All methods are not without their own shortcomings and have a number of advantages. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account all the requirements and features of the method, and then proceed with the performance of repair work.
Houses are built of different materials, so the ways to restore their bases are different. For example, to strengthen the foundation of an old wooden house, it is necessary to lift it above the surface of the earth and to work on laying a new foundation.
Ribbon basis
Tape foundation - one of the most popular when building private buildings. Therefore, many owners are faced with the question of how to strengthen the foundation of the old house. The most common reason for the skewing of a building installed on such a foundation is soil tillering.
Carrying out work
To strengthen the ribbon base of the house, it is necessary to achieve a balance of all forces acting on the foundation. To do this, increase the base area.
Select a section of the wall length of 2 meters. A moat is dug along it to the depth of the basis of the house. Its width is calculated from the data obtained from the study of the old base. Often it equals the size of the old foundation.
An old base is prepared to bond it with a new one. To do this, drill holes for the reinforcement and strobes. Next, the formwork and the reinforcement frame for the new base are assembled. It connects with the reinforcement inserted into the prepared holes. This is the main part of the work to strengthen the basis of the old house.
After the completion of the work on joining the frame to the old base, the concrete solution is poured.
After the concrete dries completely, the renewed base is buried, and a new ditch is digging nearby, and the work is repeated. To save time, they can be produced from different sides of the building at the same time.
The foundation is laid below the freezing point of the soil
The base of the house, built in this way, is not exposed to the ground, but the groundwater can wash the ground off it. How to strengthen the foundation of the old house in this case, will be described below.
Before the beginning of the work on strengthening the foundation, drainage work should be carried out. They are performed first, then all the concrete that has become unusable is removed.
Further work on strengthening the base is carried out in a similar way, as in the case of a banded base.
After the completion of the repair work, a blind area along the perimeter of the house and other additional protection against moisture are installed.
Strengthening the base with piles
It happens that a worn out base can be hardened in only one way. How to strengthen the foundation of the old house with piles?
Piles can be installed in a screw, indented or bored way.
Screw method
This method is considered to be the most convenient and easily feasible. Piles can be installed by any home master who does not have special skills. The pile is a pipe with a helical platform, due to which it is screwed into the ground. At the same site, the load is redistributed at home. How to strengthen the old foundation of the house? This photo demonstrates (using screw piles).
The pressed method
If the structure is very old, then all drilling operations are prohibited. The base can only be reinforced with piles. Such work is done by professionals and requires special equipment.
Bourbon way
In order to strengthen the base by this method, two-meter boreholes should be prepared. Then they mount the reinforcing cage and pour in the concrete. On the piles made, beams are laid, on them there is a renovated old house. Work on strengthening the base in this way takes two months.
Repair of the foundations of houses made of bricks or slag blocks
How to strengthen the old foundation of a house made of slag blocks and bricks, without harming the integrity of the building, is written below.
To strengthen the basis of such buildings should be approached very responsibly. Usually, the main task is to stop the further sinking of the building due to a weak base. Undermining under the foundation in this case is unacceptable. Strengthen the basis can be using reinforcing solid belts, made of reinforced concrete.
Stages of strengthening the base of houses made of bricks or cinder blocks:
For a tape basis, a ditch is cut at an angle of 35 ° and a width of 50 cm. The base cushion must not be broken.
The surface of the plinth or foundation is cleaned of the old finishing materials. If the basis is destroyed in places, then these pieces are deleted.
The cleaned base is covered with a primer of deep penetration. Further, all the base or its individual destroyed parts are anchored by means of reinforcement. Holes for it are prepared with a perforator. If the foundation is made of quarry stone, then the anchors are hammered between them. Anchors are arranged in three rows with a step width of 60 cm.
After installing all the anchors, they need to be welded with a reinforcement, which is located horizontally.
Then the metal mesh is fixed to the reinforcement.
Formwork is established at a distance of 15 cm from the mesh and a concrete solution is poured.
After it dries, the soil is filled.
After the repair, the old base becomes like a solid reinforced concrete foundation. After studying this part of the article, you learned how to strengthen the foundation of an old house with a basement floor.
Repair of the base of the house made of wood
Every owner of a wooden house needs to know how to repair the foundation. If there was a need to strengthen the basis, you need to perform certain work.
Survey of the base will help determine the laboriousness of the forthcoming works, reveal the defects of the basis. On the basis of the inspection, a decision is made as to whether the repair will be capital or partial.
Types of repair of basis
Partial base repairs are done if the integrity of the house is not broken.
If the basis is made with the help of wooden parts, some of which have been putrefied, they should be replaced or the entire foundation changed. In order to perform such work, the entire structure is raised to a certain height, and the basis is increased with the help of bricks or blocks of wood.
To determine the exact and appropriate technology for repairing the substrate, you need to determine what the basis was originally. If it was a tape base, then you can partially replace the destroyed areas or strengthen it around the perimeter of the old house. If the destruction is strong, the basis will have to be replaced completely.
If the original foundation of the house was made in columnar fashion, then all the details of the base would have to be changed. The building rises to the height, it is done with the help of ordinary jacks. How to strengthen the old foundation of a private house? The photo shows the moment when the structure is raised to the height.
The old concrete cushion is replaced with a new one. A new pillar is mounted on it. After replacing all parts of the old basement, the building is lowered to a new foundation.
Replacement of old bases of wooden buildings is costly and inefficient work. In its implementation, the most important thing is to keep the building and all its structures in their original form. Usually mounts are installed in window and doorways. To monitor the integrity of the house, beacons are installed that show its deformation.
Results
It can be seen from the article that there are no impossible jobs. You can strengthen any foundation of any structure. The question is, is it necessary to produce such works if their price can be more expensive than the oldest house? If you still decided to strengthen the foundation of the building, then find out how to do this article will help. When carrying out repairs, all rules and recommendations written in this material should be adhered to. While strengthening the foundation of the old house, observe the safety rules, take care of the health of the assistants and your personal.
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