How to replace a silentblock floating rear

Silent blocks - parts of the car, responsible for the connection of certain units and elements of mechanisms. They are installed both in the front and rear suspension and are used for the purpose of connecting suspension elements and attaching levers, fixing the car engine and gearbox. There are several varieties of silent blocks, but the most commonly used is a silentblock floating.

Silentblocks construction

Silentblock is a hinge, the design of which consists of metal bushings and a gasket located between them. A similar insert is made of polyurethane or rubber and quenches the vibrations transmitted from one mechanism to another.

The device of floating silent blocks

The floating silent block is a ball-type hinge. Together with other silentblocks and shock absorbers, he is responsible for providing high-speed advantages of the car, dynamics of acceleration and braking, and controllability.

Unlike other similar parts, ball joints provide a mobile and reliable connection of levers, suspension supports and car wheels, so that they can move in different directions in certain planes, including in vertical planes. Silentblock floating provides a mobile connection of the wheel rack and suspension levers, so that it is possible to turn the front wheels and respond to the vertical vibrations of the spring.

Types of construction of silentblocks

Ball joints for cars are made in several variations. The first model consists of a body with a ball-shaped ball with a spherical head, made of a composite material of the liner and a spring, which presses the liner. The hole in the body is through, its walls consist of conical and cylindrical surfaces. On the outer surface of the insert at an equal distance from each other are conical sections. They interact with an annular clamping spring and an equidistant body surface. The housing has a cover that presses the spring, and the spring element itself includes a spring and support section.

The design of the silentblock

Silentblock floating rear, having the above construction, has disadvantages - high cost of the spring element and too complicated execution. Taking into account the most important characteristics for such a detail, the closest analogue is the ball joint consisting of a body, a ball pin, a clamping sleeve and a liner. The bushing, unlike a spring, is made of their polymer material.

The downside of this design is a complex and time-consuming manufacturing process. To manufacture hinges that can compress the entire body from the tail side of the finger, special equipment is required.

Analysis of all existing designs of ball joints allows us to draw the following conclusions:

1. Features of such parts depend on the year of manufacture and the manufacturer.
2. Floating silentblocks develop as the material changes and the structural features of the inserts - from elements made from metal to Teflon parts, closed by a plastic clip.
3. The number of parts of silent blocks in recent years has decreased from 12 to 6. This was achieved by eliminating the elements that were responsible for the lubrication and adjustment of the ball bearing during the operation of the car.
4. All ball bearings require reliable and high-quality protection of friction surfaces from contamination. Special covers for supports - anthers - differ in a short period of operation due to rapid wear and tear. To reduce wear and friction, try to use liners with Teflon shirts in plastic cases. The reliability of the hinges also increases due to an increase in the roughness of the surface of the fingers.

The operating principle of floating silentblocks

Under normal and medium loads, the silentblock float behaves like a conventional hinge, but with increasing impact, its resistance to strong impacts increases, but does not harm the rubber band. A similar result is achieved due to the fact that there is liquid inside the part, because of which the hinge was given the name of the floating one.

During the movement of the car, all of its nodes, connected by silentblocks, also come into motion. This causes the angular displacement of the ball pin relative to the body. The force is transferred from the hinge body to the pin through the liner, head wear is compensated for by the spring.

The inner surface of the liner has a large diameter, which reduces the load on the surface of the head and guarantees a high level of wear resistance of the structure as a whole. Polymer liner, before proceeding to assembly of the hinge, press into the liner. Silentblock floating rear, especially its metal parts, is covered with a special protective compound, which protects against corrosion.

How to attach silent blocks

Hinges are mounted in suspension levers in several ways. The most common, which is used to mount a floating silentblock "KIA Sid", is pressing the parts together with the outer sleeve into the eye of the lever. It is fixed in it due to the force of friction. This design dampens vibration and various loads. Repair it trite and easy: with a hammer or a hammer knocked out old saylenblock, and installed in its place a new one.

If the lever is loaded in one direction or plane, or it itself acts as a guide, the silentblock manages without an outer sleeve. In this situation, hinges are used, on the end of the elastic elements of which the beads are arranged. With the help of the latter, it is pressed into the eyelet.

Recently, integrated silencers have become very popular, in which the role of the outer sleeve is performed by the eye of the lever, inside of which the elastic element is pressed. Similar elements can be found in the latest models of Toyota cars - floating silent blocks on such machines are integrated. This design does not have a special engineering meaning: its main task is to increase profit for the manufacturer, since it is practically impossible to press new rubber inside the lever outside the factory conditions. In this case, you will have to make a complete replacement of the lever, which costs a very large amount.

Rubber or polyurethane?

Almost all models of silentblocks have an elastic element made of rubber. The more content of this material in the composition, the better the characteristics of the hinges. Despite this, they have their own counterparts, not inferior in quality.

Unoriginal silentblocks are often made of synthetic polyurethane and are very popular among car owners who want to save on original parts to the car.

A huge advantage of this material is a long service life. Polyurethane silentblocks can be used for several years.

Despite this advantage, there are no special advantages for polyurethane silents. Many of them are not subjected to a vulcanization reaction, respectively, it is impossible to reliably attach their elastic part to a metal part, and it is impossible to compress such a material: it is too hard. The hinges, made of low-quality polyurethane, quickly fail - after 40-50 thousand kilometers of run. The reason for this is the detachment of the elastic material from the surface of the sleeve.

Even if the composition of the silentblock is chosen correctly, the main problem remains rigidity. After the installation of the polyurethane silentblock, the smoothness of the car's progress is reduced, the elasto-kinematics of the suspension is disrupted - the character of the arrangement of the wheels under the influence of lateral and longitudinal forces. Simply put, this can eliminate the thrust effect of the rear suspension, which is typical for many modern models of cars.

Service life of silent blocks

Correctly installed silent blocks of high quality, even under adverse operating conditions, can work for a long time. On average, the period of their operation ranges from 70 to 150 thousand kilometers.

The operating time and the difference in them directly depend on the quality of the product. Cheap models made of bad materials can not cope with serious loads and quickly fail. For example, the floating silentblocks "Mercedes" are of high quality and long service life.

To contribute to the rapid deterioration of silent blocks, active use of the car in bad road conditions - off-road or dirt tracks.

Malfunctions of silent blocks

Active use of the car on bad roads, as already mentioned above, can adversely affect the condition of the suspension. Too high loads primarily affect the silent blocks.

Maximum load is accounted for by suspension rods and lever parts. In prophylactic purposes it is desirable to carry out diagnostics of silent blocks every 50 thousand kilometers. This procedure will allow you to determine in advance the faults and understand whether replacement of floating silent blocks is required.

If the vehicle has not been diagnosed for a long time, wear of certain parts can adversely affect the handling and safety of the vehicle.

The main signs that the silentblock floating is defective are:

1. The machine wiggles from side to side or moves to one side only.
2. Lateral wear of tires.
3. When braking, the vehicle loses course stability.
4. The body vibrates while driving.
5. Visual inspection of silent blocks reveals violations of their integrity.
6. Suspension squeaks while driving.
7. The rigidity of the suspension increases.

Each of these features, like all the others, indicates possible malfunctions in the operation of the hinges. In such a situation it is desirable not to continue the operation of the car. Failure to replace faults will help replace floating silentblocks.

How to replace a floating silentblock

Depending on the make and model of the car, the process of replacing the hinge may differ and have its own characteristics. However, for almost all vehicles, replacing the rear floating silentblocks has common features.

Silentblock replacement process

First, the handbrake is loosened on the car and the wheel is removed. Pads are reduced, after which the brake caliper is unscrewed , and the pads themselves are removed. Unscrew the fixing bolts: from the transverse lever, the brake caliper, the stabilizer bar and the shock absorber. The last thing is removing the brake disc and unscrewing the body bolts from the ABS sensor.

The cotter pin is pulled out, the nut of the rocker arm is loosened, the bolt of the hinge is loosened, and the bolts of the longitudinal arm are loosened. As a result, there is only a hub without hinged parts. Its bolts of fastening also are removed, as well as bolts of the mechanism ручника. There should be only a lever and a floating silentblock ("Mark-2" or another car - it does not matter), attached to the wire from the sensor.

From the oil seal on the side of the rear bumper, an anther is removed, behind which is a separable clip. It is removed from the seat with a drill bit 6-8 mm. After this, the lever is turned over, and a ball of silentblock is taken out of it together with the bushing. His clip is knocked out by a kyanik or a special puller.

The new hinge is carefully lubricated and then installed. Carry out pressing can be using the same mandrel that was used to remove the old part, or you can resort to portable vise. After installing a new silentblock, all parts are assembled in the reverse order. It is advisable after the replacement to check the shock absorbers, levers and other suspension elements for wear.

The final tightening of the suspension elements is carried out only after the car is removed from the pit or jack and lowered to the ground.

Features of replacement of silent blocks on different brands and models of cars

The process of swivel replacement may vary and have characteristic features depending on the particular brand and model of the vehicle on which the entire installation procedure is carried out. For example, a floating silentblock "BMW" before replacement will require the owner to visit the turner - the rear fists of such cars are aluminum, and not cast iron, so they need a special puller. Original pullers are expensive, so it will be more profitable to make them for the craftsmen.

Many car models require the installation of only original spare parts. Of course, you can install non-original silentblocks, but this can lead to their rapid wear and loss of warranty.