History of cakes. Types of cakes and decoration. Cream cakes

The history of cakes began more than two thousand years ago, and today without this delicacy there is no celebration. Wedding cakes, cakes for jubilees, but, most importantly - for children's parties. No child can present his Birthday without a cake, blowing out candles, which are necessarily located in this delicacy. Historians are still arguing about the appearance of the first cakes. We suggest today to get acquainted with the assumptions of scientists, with types of ornaments, and with the history of the appearance of the most popular desserts.

History of origin of cakes

Today, no one can definitely name the country where this delicacy first appeared. Every part of the world is famous for its culinary masterpieces, and always people with special trepidation related to sweets. There is an assumption that the first cakes appeared thanks to gourmets of the East, and it was all well-known oriental sweets, which are made from honey, milk and sesame. Many centuries ago their shape resembled exactly those cakes and pastries that are known now. Their taste and aroma were able to drive even the most capricious gourmet crazy.

Others argue with this opinion, and present the history of the origin of cakes from their point of view. It is said that the word itself has Italian roots, and in translation means something refined, florid, beautiful. Linguists associate this meaning of the word with decorations of cakes in the form of numerous flowers, ornaments and inscriptions.

But, you can not disagree with the opinion that France is the trendsetter of the fashion for desserts. It is in the territory of this country is a huge number of coffee houses, where you can taste the delicious dessert. Perhaps the cooks and confectioners of France once prepared the first cake. It is from France to most countries that many recipes have come, which are still popular today. In Russia, there are many dishes that are considered native Russian, but they were once cooked by chefs from France who work in wealthy Russian families.

Russian desserts

If you look at the cuisine of Russia, which was several centuries ago, then it is surprising to note that we did not have such a variety of dishes as there is now. We drew experience of foreign cooks, modernized, and made their own recipes, based on the knowledge gained. The same applies to sweet desserts. The history of cakes in Russia began with the preparation of caravans for weddings. These were not full-fled cakes, but they were still baked on the occasion, and were the most delicious and elegant of all kinds of pies. The karavai for the bride always had a round shape, which symbolized the sun, which means fertility, well-being and health. They decorated the cake with curls, patterns, and figurines of "the bride and groom" were put in the center.

Records

Telling the history of cakes, I do not want to miss the moments when confectionery masterpieces were on the pages of the Guinness Book of Records.

The heaviest cake was baked by the chefs of America in Alabama. The giant hung more than fifty tons, had many layers, one of the main ingredients was ice cream. The form of the culinary miracle was unusual - it depicted the staff as it is on the map.

In the United States, a growth champion was also prepared. This cake was made by culinary specialists from the state of Michigan. The cake towered thirty meters above the table, consisting of a hundred layers.

In Peru, managed to create a dessert, which in length was 246 meters. And this masterpiece has become the longest cake ever recorded. After it was on display, it was cut into small pieces, and treated the children of Peru, who this month celebrated their birthday.

Russia, too, was able to shine with talent, and the cooks were able to cook the biggest cake for the birthday of GUM, the most famous department store in Moscow. The giant was three meters high and weighed three tons.

Multicore cakes

But was it possible to make desserts of this size, if not for many layers? The history of multi-tiered cakes began in London, from there the recipe came to America, and from the US to Russia. Historians argue that many layers allowed creating huge desserts for celebrations, where a huge number of people gathered. They were brought into the hall on special carts, which further emphasized the moment of solemnity. Soon these culinary delights began to enjoy immense popularity. Delicacies consisting of several layers, are made for various celebrations, and decorate them in different ways. What kinds of cake decorations have become the most popular?

Cream

From the cream you can create real masterpieces. By the way, cream cakes were first made in France, because the confectioners of this country were able to create meringue, protein cream, cream brulee, caramel and other delicious fillings. They also for the first time also began to use a cream for an ornament of every possible cakes. Today, France dictates fashion for the design of cakes, and their larger brothers.

Chocolate petals

Cream cakes can be decorated with simply grated chocolate, or you can create unique details. For example, more and more often housewives, independently baking cakes, decorate them with petals made of chocolate. For their preparation, you do not need to be a master. You just need to melt the chocolate bar in a water bath, dip real rose petals or other liked leaves into it. After solidification, the chocolate will go away well from the leaf, it will ideally repeat the shape and have all the veins.

Glaze

This is exactly the ingredient, which in most cases decorated cakes before the appearance of creams. You can leave it white, and the dessert turns out to be very gentle, ideal for a wedding. But if you decide to make a cake for a child, then it's worth making it festive, colorful. You can use food colors, and you can make them yourself. Orange juice repaints the glaze in yellow, beet - in pink. At the same time, the taste of the glaze will change, it will become even more delicious and more useful. And that it was easier to work with glaze, and it lay more evenly on the cakes, it is necessary to add a softened butter to it.

A little trick

If you want the cake to keep its beauty after slicing, do not break all kinds of roses and petals, do not crack the pattern, you can first cut the cake and then decorate it. Before taking out the treats in the hall, make the pieces together, and get a full dish.

If you do not have a special culinary syringe, and you want to create creamy roses or chocolate ruches, take a normal cellophane bag, put cream or melted chocolate in it. Before the beginning of the decoration, cut off the corner, and work.

Now it is left to choose a recipe. We suggest to consider the history of cakes, which conquered the whole world with their own taste. Perhaps you will choose one of them.

History of the appearance of a biscuit cake

Surely today there is not a single person who has not at least tried a biscuit. From it create cakes, cakes, rolls, cookies. Biscuit perfectly matches with all known creams, is a favorite delicacy of children. Presented at five o'clock in the evening a cup of tea with a biscuit cake is a symbol of English tea drinking. It was from England that the biscuit came to France, and from France spread all over the world. But how did it all start?

The word "biscuit" is French, and means "twice baked." But it appeared in England, and this should not embarrass anyone, because in the Middle Ages the English were better spoken in French than in their native language, and this was due to fashion. So, back to the biscuit. It appeared very, very long time ago, no one can precisely name the date of its origin, because this delicacy was originally the main food on the ships of long voyage, and only the sailors ate sponge biscuits. Why biscuit? Yes, because the butter is not added to the dough, but it is protection against the appearance of mold on the product, which was almost the main culprit for spoiling seafood. Going on a long trip by sea or round-the-world, which often happened in the Middle Ages, and was associated with the study of the world, all the members of the team knew what to eat for a long time. This took place until the court of Queen Elizabeth decided to try the food of sailors. He was impressed by the taste of biscuit, and from that time the delicacy began to fall on the tables of the nobility. Soon the sponge cake ceased to be a meal of ordinary people, and the recipe for its preparation quickly spread around the world.

In the seventeenth century, the recipe came to France, and from there to other countries. From biscuit began to create cakes and cakes immediately after the expansion of the colonies of England.

Franz Sacher and the Austrian King

These people became the founders of the history of the chocolate cake "Sacher", which is now practically familiar to everyone. The recipe for its preparation is so simple, and the delicacy is so impressive with its taste qualities that this dessert is popular no less than new types of cakes.

"Sacher" was first served at the table of the King of Austria. And it happened this way: the prince had to receive guests, and told his cooks that this evening must be served a unique dish, which no one has ever tried. The cooks were frightened, because the chief baker of the palace was very unwell this day, and could not help it. Only young Franz Sacher decided to test fate, and was not afraid of the possible wrath of the king. He baked cakes, adding chocolate in them, and prepared the icing - also on a chocolate basis. The cake turned out to be completely chocolate, fragrant, and orange jam became a special highlight of the masterpiece.

Cake became famous thanks to the cook, or did the chef become famous for his chocolate creation? It does not matter, because since then, "Sacher" has become a favorite delicacy not only of the Austrian king, but also of many people around the world. Today even the most exquisite sweet tooth will give preference to "Sacher", choosing among the many sweet desserts.

"Napoleon"

There are several assumptions about the origin of this delicacy. The first history of the cake "Napoleon" claims that it was prepared in Naples, which is why it is called that name. But we are inclined to trust the second version, thanks to which the cake is considered a symbol of the victory of the Russian troops over the mighty Napoleon.

The history of the Napoleon cake is as follows: the celebration of the centenary of the defeat of Napoleon's troops near Moscow was approaching. The best chefs were invited to compose the menu. Over the recipe of the cake worked the most famous confectioners, serving in the homes of noble people. As a result, baked "Napoleon", consisting of many cakes, impregnated with a delicate cream. The form was given triangular, so that associations with the famous Napoleonic cocked hat appeared. However, after the revolution, the masterpiece turned into a simple snack prepared in cheap taverns. His appearance became careless, and many mistresses, baking a cake, tried to cut it apart from the eyes of the guests.

Now "Napoleon" is considered an ordinary cake, which is easy to prepare for home tea drinking. Each family has its own recipe for how to cook a delicious, tender "Napoleon".

Here is such a complicated history of cakes. Today it seems to us that it's easy to bake them, and once the best minds worked on the recipes!