Historical Types of Philosophy

As is known, in many ways it is the historical development of society that determines the picture of the world. Often this can explain the differences in the worldview of thinkers. In this article we will consider the main historical types of philosophy.

Cosmocentrism began to form in the era of Antiquity. At the heart of the picture of the world of this doctrine lies the cosmos, by which is meant the natural order and harmony. In this type of philosophy, there are two main directions. Ancient thinkers saw the cause of harmony in nature, in its processes (water, atoms, earth, air, and so on). This direction is called materialistic. The cause of harmony was also seen in spiritual processes (rational beginning, eidos, idea). This direction is called idealistic.

Consider the historical types of philosophy formed in the era of the Middle Ages. Theocentrism is a direction based on the idea of God. This philosophical current was used to sanctify the existing order in feudal society, to pacify peasant uprisings. A distinctive feature of the teaching is the veneration of holy texts, the priority of faith before knowledge, dogmas. It is worth noting that the historical types of philosophy were formed on the basis of the demands of the times.

Anthropocentrism is a doctrine that placed man in its center. This philosophical direction arose in the Renaissance in response to the formation of capitalism. It carries with it the goal of liberating man from the centuries-old suppression of church dogmas. It sings the beauty and unity of body and soul.

Consider the types of philosophy that originated in the initial period of the New Times. Knowledge of centrism is a doctrine that bases itself on knowledge and the methods of obtaining it. The existing social system required new incentives for development. They are different science and technology. As a consequence, a teaching was born, the basic principle of which is that knowledge is power.

Etatocentrism is a philosophical direction, placing in its center the state in the unity of law and politics. It was formed in order to finally consolidate the capitalist system. The main principle is that everything in the world is viewed through the prism of the state.

There are other types of philosophy born in the era of modern times. Logicocentrism is the doctrine of the mind and the ways of its development, in particular, about logic. The philosophical direction arose with the goal of forming a new picture of the world.

Socio-centrism is a doctrine based on a society understood as a product of human interaction. The basic principle is the fact that a person does not exist without a society, which, in turn, is the result of the activity of individuals. The world, according to this direction, is viewed through the prism of social relations.

Cosmism is a doctrine that places man at the center of his world picture as a planetary creature. The individual, according to this philosophical direction, is able to think globally, is aware of its high significance in the community, has God-manhood.

Humanism is a doctrine that places in its center a person who is alone, opposed to the society. This philosophical direction offers relief from the isolation of individuals and their loneliness through compassion. This doctrine was formed due to material and spiritual self-sufficiency, which gave rise to alienation between people.

So, we have examined the main historical types of philosophy. As you can see, they were formed under the direct influence of the requirements of the new time. The life of people was changed and transformed, and as a result, new doctrines appeared that were adequate to a specific historical moment.