Georgy Malenkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR: biography, career

Georgy Malenkov is a Soviet statesman, one of Stalin's closest associates. He was called the "direct heir to the leader," nevertheless, after Stalin's death, he did not lead the government, and several years later he was completely disgraced.

early years

Georgiy Maximilianovich Malenkov was born in 1902. His father was a small servant on the railway. Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov had a rather interesting background. By nationality he was Russian, but his father's ancestors once arrived in Russia from Macedonia. The mother of the hero of today's narrative (in the nephew of Shemyakin) came from the philistines.

In 1919 Georgy Malenkov graduated from the classical gymnasium. Although relatively early period in the biography of this historical personality there is no exact data. Boris Bazhanov, who held the post of Stalin's personal secretary from 1923 to 1927, claimed that Malenkov had no secondary education. The son of Georgii Maximilianovich assured that his father had successfully graduated from the gymnasium, then from the Moscow Higher Technical School, and afterwards was invited to graduate school, but refused, giving preference to party activities. The second point of view is more believable. After all, Stalin valued Malenkov primarily for his deep knowledge of energy.

Work in the Political Department

In 1919, the hero of today's article joined the ranks of the Red Army. What post did he occupy? In his autobiography George Malenkov wrote that he worked as a political instructor. According to modern historians, he held the post of an ordinary clerk. George Malenkov never drove the men into the attack. Moreover, he fired badly and was even worse on horseback. His element was office work. Thus, the revolutionary activity of Georgii Maximilianovich Malenkov during the heroic years of the Civil War was reduced to writing and rewriting various papers.

Marriage

During his studies Georgy Malenkov met his future wife. Valeria Golubtsova in the twenties occupied an insignificant position in the Central Committee of the RCP. The marriage was beneficial for Georgy Malenkov's career. Golubtsova entered the post-graduate course of MEI in 1936. Later she took the post of rector of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute.

Career

In the days that were the first years of political activity of Malenkov, Trotsky enjoyed great popularity among young people. First of all, the opposition's platform was formed in the party cells of the universities. When she collapsed, Georgy Malenkov showed activity, which played a significant role in his future career. He became one of the members of the Commission for the verification of the reliability of students. And soon he became the secretary of the party organization of the Moscow Higher Technical School. In this post, he acquired the first experience of fighting the so-called enemies of the people.

The zeal and activity of Georgy Malenkov did not go unnoticed. On the advice of his wife, in 1925, he joined the Orgburo of the Central Committee of the RCP. And two years later he took the post of technical secretary of the Politburo. According to historians, then George Malenkov was a typical apparatchik. He quickly turned into an unprincipled official, ready for anything for his career. With enviable readiness, he followed the instructions of the leadership and, above all, of course, the general secretary. And like every classic official, Malenkov did not have his own opinion. And if it sometimes happened, he did not express it.

Fighting dissent

In the early thirties, George Malenkov strengthened the reputation of a statesman loyal to the ideas of communism. This was expressed in a zealous struggle against dissenters. In 1930, Kaganovich was elected the "leader" of the Moscow Bolsheviks. And he, in turn, instructed Malenkov to manage the department of the MC VKP. In this position, the hero of our narrative achieved high results in the struggle against "enemies of the people". First of all, he conducted a capital verification of the Moscow Party organization for the presence of oppositionists. Identified such a lot, than earned the confidence not only of his protege Kaganovich, but of Stalin himself.

The leader, meanwhile, was preparing the apparatus for more severe purges. Therefore, he needed new staff. When the question arose of who should be appointed the head of the party by the leading party organizations of the Central Committee, Stalin recalled Malenkov. At the new post, Georgii Maximilianovich did not perform independent actions, fulfilling the will of the general secretary in everything. This not only positively influenced his further career growth, but, of course, saved his life.

Abdurakhman Avtorkhanov - a Soviet historian and public figure - once called Stalin and Malenkov the creators of the CPSU. In this case, the first one is the designer, the second is the architect. Authorkhanov, in the opinion of later researchers, overestimated the role of Georgy Malenkov. Although it is impossible to deny the influence of this politician on the day-to-day management of the party, and therefore the whole state, it is impossible.

In the early thirties Malenkov approached Yezhov. Under his leadership, conducted another check of the Communists, which became a kind of rehearsal of the "Great Terror." In 1937, most of the leaders of the Soviet apparatus were arrested. Georgy Malenkov took an active part in the fight against the "enemies of the people." He often attended the interrogations of the arrested. And in the quiet of his office, too, managed the repressions well. Yezhov wanted to appoint him to the post of his deputy, but Stalin did not allow: it was difficult to replace such a human resources specialist in the Central Committee.

Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

Only at the end of the thirties did Malenkov leave the secret offices for an open political arena. He was a member of the Supreme Soviet since 1938. Gradually, the range of issues that Georgy Malenkov was solving expanded. Thus, at the All-Union Conference he made a report on the tasks of transport and industry. At this time, he managed to take a firm position in the environment of Stalin. And in this environment, if you do not take into account the opinion of Boris Bazhanov, he was the only person with a higher education. In addition, he had an amazing memory and great capacity for work.

Military years

During the Great Patriotic War, George Malenkov often went to the front. In 1941 - in Leningrad and the Moscow region. In August 1942 Malenkov left for Stalingrad. During this period under his control was the aviation industry, he was responsible for the production of combat aircraft. And in autumn 1944 Malenkov plunged into the solution of the "Jewish question". This topic he devoted not one report to the Kremlin. In the last years of the war Malenkov was most concerned about the issue of restricting posts for representatives of Jewish nationality.

The post of Secretary of the Central Committee Malenkov first took seven years. In 1946, he was removed for errors that were found in the production of aircraft. Former Secretary Stalin sent two months to Central Asia. This was a very gentle punishment, the leader's confidence after the exile Malenkov has not lost. In 1948 he again took the post of secretary of the Central Committee.

The Leningrad case

Personally, Stalin was personally entrusted with identifying the participants in the anti-Party group. The same tried to justify the trust of the leader with might and main. Malenkov accused the leadership of the Leningrad regional committee of undermining the foundations of the Soviet state. He led the investigation on the "Leningrad case", on an old habit was present at the interrogations.

In January 1949, the All-Russian Wholesale Fair was held. Efforts Malenkov, its leader - A. Kuznetsov - was accused of juggling data. Crimes, as it later turned out, was not. But it was impossible to establish the course of events exactly, because Malenkov destroyed almost everything that had anything to do with the Leningrad case.

At the head of the state

In the biography of George Malenkov a lot of white spots. Why this politician, having worked in the state apparatus for many years, could not keep afloat? In 1953, he actually led the country and became the first to criticize the cult of the personality of Stalin. However, in 1957 Malenkov was removed from the Central Committee and was appointed director of the thermal power plant in Ekibastuz. Four years later they were completely expelled from the party. According to one version, the "comrades" did not forgive Malenkov the desire to solve important issues without their knowledge, the independence that he displayed in the first years after Stalin's death.