Gearbox VAZ-2110: device, operation and repair

Every motorist knows what the VAZ-2110 looks like. Despite the fact that this car stopped producing more than 5 years ago, it is still in demand in small cities. The machine was equipped with a manual transmission in all trim levels. Few people know her device. Well, let's look at how the VAZ-2110 gearbox works and what kind of "illnesses" it has.

Characteristic

A gearbox is a unit necessary to transfer torque from the ICE to the vehicle's wheels. The internal combustion engine has a narrow range of crankshaft rotations, at which the peak torque reaches its maximum values. In simple words, there is a "cut-off" in the motor. Thus, in one gear the machine can not move at different speeds. She either lacks traction, or she will go very slowly. For this, the VAZ-2110 gearbox has 5 speeds. Due to a different gear ratio, you can achieve maximum torque at any speed. This allows the car to dynamically move in any operating conditions of the engine.

How does it work

The torque from the engine flywheel is transmitted to the secondary, and then to the primary shaft. Thanks to the reducer, the energy of the torque is transmitted to the semi-axle, and then to the wheels. But it can not always be in gear with the engine. Therefore, the design provides a grip. On the "ten" it is the most ordinary - dry, single-disk. By pressing the pedal, the driver squeezes the clutch disc. Further, the gearshift lever of the VAZ-2110 is shifted to the desired position. The pedal is released, the car rides the next gear. But since the "ten" has a transverse arrangement of the motor, a wedge is used to operate the box here. Each speed has its own gear ratio. On the mechanical box, this ratio is clearly tied and does not change when driving, as on the variator. The highest gear ratio is in the first gear. On it, the car is the most arrogant. The smallest (less than one) is on the fifth. The machine loses in traction, but at the same time more speed. In the first transfer the car can go only up to 30 kilometers per hour, then the "cut-off" is triggered. Also the gearbox VAZ-2110 has a reverse gear. In addition, the mechanism is equipped with locking devices and locks. These elements keep the transmissions from spontaneous shutdown. The lock device does not allow the simultaneous two speeds.

Synchronizers

For sure, seasoned car owners remember how the gears on old ZILs and Gasons switched - a double squeeze with perehazovka. On the boxes of these trucks there were no synchronizers. Now they are equipped with any modern car. To exclude the loss of time and inconvenience in the "overdrive", the VAZ-2110 gearbox is equipped with synchronizers. Thus, during the rotation of the shaft, you can easily switch on the desired gear. It is worth noting that the speed with which the flywheel and the primary shaft rotates differs when the clutch is squeezed out. If the synchronizers fail, a characteristic crunch is heard when trying to turn on the desired gear. To all the fault is a big difference in the gear ratio. Temporarily you can use "overdrive", but you do not need to drive with broken synchronizers. This is an important part of any checkpoint. It is she who equalizes the angular velocities of the gears of the shafts during their rotation.

Problems in operation

A box is a complicated mechanism, and sometimes it has malfunctions. The most frequent VAZ-2110 cars are:

• Noise at work. The box is characteristic of buzzing. This means that oil is produced internally or its level is low. Check the dipstick. If the gears have been working "for a long time" for a long time, the VAZ-2110 gearbox will need to be replaced. To avoid this trouble, regularly check the oil level in the transmission. By the way, at the checkpoint VAZ-2110 the price is about 16 thousand rubles.
• Tight shifting gear. This fault is due to the clutch or synchronizers. Check the level of the working fluid in the reservoir. If there is a breakdown in the master or clutch slave cylinder, the drive will not work. Because of the workings out, the rubber boot is often damaged. From there flows all the liquid. If the cylinders are dry, check the squeeze bearing. If the clutch pedal is noisy, then the VAZ-2110 box needs repair. To replace the bearing, you must completely remove the transmission.
• Gear shift lever play. The stem of the box may be damaged. Also check the fasteners at the connection points.
• "Flies" the transfer. If there is a spontaneous switch-off during driving, check the condition of the engine cushions. There are three of them - for large vibrations, the motor provokes the shutdown of the transmission.
• The speeds are turned on with difficulty, a characteristic sound arises. If the problem is solved with the use of "overdrive", the synchronizers are likely to be out of order.

If there are streaks of oil

Check up a condition of sealing elements - linings and epiploons. If the oil flows out of them, replace the elements. New are installed on the sealant (red, silicone).

Proper operation

How can I extend the life of the box? It's very simple - adhere to the regulations for oil change. Yes, it is not a working fluid here, as on the automatic torque converter, and is only half full. But it is this small part that provides lubrication of rubbing gears. The manufacturer recommends that you change the oil once every 90,000 kilometers. Many car owners are sure that mechanical boxes are unattended and the liquid in them is filled for the entire period. But over time, it accumulates metal shavings - the development of gears. The oil itself is very dark. Ironically, a simple replacement of lubricants increases the life of the box at times. When buying, pay attention to the viscosity. использовать жидкость с параметром 75W90. Specialists recommend using a liquid with a parameter of 75W90.

Driving style

Not only does oil affect transmission life. No less important characteristic is the manner of riding. Often car enthusiasts do not take pauses when switching from the first to the second gear. Some simply "tear", and with great force. As a result, the wear of synchronizers, the development of shafts and drive gears. To ensure the safety of all elements, the transmissions are switched on smoothly. Especially it concerns overclocking. When changing to the second one, the gear selector should be moved to the neutral position for 0.5-1 seconds. Then already include a full second gear. You immediately notice the effect. After such manipulations, the transmission is turned on very easily. The box is easier to work in this mode. The load on the transmission elements will be minimal. Also, do not switch through two transmissions. So you wear out the synchros. If there is such a need (for example, when overtaking you need to gain a good torque), apply the above described "perehazovka." And only by raising the engine speed, turn on the downshift. The load on the synchronizers will be minimal, and the transmission will not tolerate impacts.

Conclusion

So, we found out how the VAZ-2110 gearbox works and works. Adhering to the rules of oil change and a calm manner of riding, you can delay the repair of the box for a long time. Practice shows that under such conditions the transmission "nurses" more than 300 thousand (the motor will break faster than the transmission itself).