Fencing of the construction site: types and requirements

Any construction, especially in the urban area, poses a direct threat to the security of citizens. This is due to the fact that the facilities use overall technology and materials that can fall. Therefore, for the entire period of work, the fence of the construction site must be installed. Requirements for such facilities are defined in standards and regulations. Let us consider these constructions in more detail.

General rules

The organization of the construction site and its individual sections must ensure safe working conditions and proper sanitary and hygienic services, exclude and prevent possible threats. When carrying out activities at the site, it is the customer's responsibility to provide the contractor with the front of the work and to carry out the OT activities. The latter include, in particular, the fencing of the construction site.

Security

In the process of performing works related to the organization of the construction site in the conditions of reconstruction, it is necessary to perform the following generally accepted measures:

1. Determination of the boundaries of hazardous areas.
2. Fencing of the construction site and its individual sections.
3. Providing the necessary lighting, driveways, passes. For its organization separate wiring is allocated. It should not be connected with the network of the reconstructed object.
4. Organization of thoroughfares for installation equipment and transport, passages for workers, places of storage of materials and structures.
5. Equipping of objects with primary means for extinguishing.
6. Provision of electrical safety, compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the manner specified for the enterprise.
7. Setting of safety signs.

GOST 23407.78: fencing inventory of construction sites

To prevent unauthorized access by outsiders around the facility, protective structures must be installed. Inventory fences of construction sites, adjacent to the areas of mass passage of citizens, should be equipped with protective corridors and visors. The reconstructed objects use structures that ensure the safety of work and the continuity of the enterprise. In particular, the following buildings are being built:

1. Temporary walls and walls. They ensure the separation of workplaces and sites of implementation of assembly activities.
2. Protective decking. They are used to prevent the falling of materials and objects in the premises where production is carried out.
3. Coatings to protect against cold and precipitation.
4. Temporary fencing of the construction site, warning of the boundaries of territories and areas where construction is carried out.
5. The structures protecting the fall of workers from a height.
6. Other fences, light shelters, screens. They are used to provide protection against dazzling in the process of electric welding, thermal impact, the protection of glasses from destruction during explosive measures, to prevent contamination of equipment in the shops of the enterprise.

The production of fences for construction sites is carried out for specific conditions. Their design should be designed for reusable use. Any temporary fencing of the construction site should be convenient for transportation, reliable, durable, effective, both in the daytime and at night.

Additional rules

The outlets and entrances of the operated structure must be arranged outside the boundaries of hazardous areas. At the entrance to the construction site, a transport scheme is installed. The sides of the roads and roads are equipped with well-visible signs regulating the order of the traffic. Builders should be provided with sanitary facilities in accordance with applicable standards. At sites classified as explosive and fire hazardous, it is allowed to carry out works only by permission of the responsible person appointed by the customer, upon agreement with the gas rescue and fire services. During the installation process, air analysis is carried out daily in the gassed rooms and in areas below the floor / ground level.

Warehousing of materials and structures

It should be carried out in accordance with the provisions that contain technical documents and GOST. The fences of the construction site are provided in such a way that during the loading / unloading of materials and structures with the help of special equipment, the safety of workers is ensured. Storage locations are defined and agreed with the management of the enterprise. Separate structures and stacks are located so that they do not block access to the inspection units of the existing utility networks. It is not allowed to place them on roads, crane and railway tracks. When storing on loose soils, measures are taken to exclude the possibility of collapse of structures.

Loading, unloading and transportation

In the performance of these works, it is necessary to comply with the relevant provisions of SNiP, state standards and DNAP. When carrying out loading, unloading and transportation using cars or railway trains, the SDA and the standards specified in the relevant documents should be followed. The speed of movement of vehicles along the territory of the reconstructed object on direct and sufficiently well-viewed sections can not be higher than 10 km / h. On the outskirts, including from the side passage to the main thoroughfare or the road with heavy traffic, entrances, inside the shops, at turns, intersections, when moving in reverse, in dense fog, it should not exceed 5 km / h. When transporting structures in cramped conditions and with limited dimensions of travel on parts that support the dimensions of the vehicle, flags of red color are fixed, and if visibility is less than 20 m and in dark time - reflective devices.

Fencing of the construction site

SNiP is one of the key documents that establish rules for ensuring security at sites. The standards were adopted back in Soviet times. Taking into account the development of technology, they were adapted to modern conditions. In 1979 the GOST "Enclosures of building sites" was approved and put into effect. In accordance with these documents, it is not allowed to carry out construction and installation work on the site or a part thereof without establishing special protective structures.

Key prescriptions

The fence of the construction site must correspond to the samples approved at the state level. The design should provide wickets or gates to ensure the free movement of workers and transport. The fence of the construction site must be collapsible with parts, fastenings and other elements of the same sample. The height of the racks, structures, angle of inclination of the visors, etc. should correspond to the established parameters. The panels are made in the form of a rectangle. Their length, as well as the intervals between the posts are determined according to the norms: from 1.2 to 2 m and not more than 6 m, respectively. Between parts it is necessary to observe the degree of sparseness in 80-100 mm. An exception is the grid for fencing construction sites. In the floor covering on the sidewalk there should be no gaps greater than 5 mm. Protective hoods must be deployed in the desired direction. In doing so, they must close the people moving under them, with a margin.

For passage of citizens on the sidewalk it is necessary to allocate more than 1,2 m. The railing must be attached to the peak or to the upper boundary of the fence. In addition, protective strips are provided at a height of 50 cm and 1.1 m from the carriageway. The fencing of the construction site must be of such a design that it can be repaired and cleaned while maintaining proper strength. Responsible persons are obliged to take measures to prevent rotting and spreading of rust over the elements. The presence of a slope on the terrain should not threaten the protective fence. The structure must be covered with an appropriate coloring compound. There must be no potentially traumatic elements (hooks, corners, etc.) on it.

The construction site fence is made of reliable materials ensuring its stability. The design must withstand the falling of objects of a certain weight, but not less than 200 kg / cm ² , as well as the strength of the gust of wind and the weight of the snow. The materials from which the fence is made must have quality certificates and meet the established requirements. The service life of the structure is not less than 10 years. For panels of paving flooring this period should be not less than 5 years.

Classification of structures

The fences for construction sites are subdivided into species depending on their intended purpose. There are the following types:

1. Signal, clearly and clearly indicating that the territory is under construction.
2. Protective, ensuring the safety of people from injuries.
3. Security, preventing unauthorized entry of outsiders into the object.

Depending on their features, fences are divided into the following types:

1. Rack.
2. Panel. They, in turn, are subdivided into sparse (grid, for example) and solid.
3. Combined.

Objectives

The main task, which is performed by security structures, is preventing the penetration of people into the facility. In this connection, in most cases, they are not much different from simple fences established around industrial facilities or apartment buildings. Protective structures are used to prevent injury to the public. In this regard, the most common form is the grid (plastic). For fencing construction sites, it is considered the most optimal option. It can "catch" everything that falls from the forests: garbage, remnants of materials, tools and even workers. Signal fences provide a visual indication of the construction site, warning citizens of the danger. For this purpose, a special tape is often used. It is pulled between pins fixed in the ground.

Specificity

If the fence is intended for protection or protection, then it must be only solid. In some cases, additional elements must be added. They can be visors, struts, pavement with handrails, etc. Depending on the availability and number of additional parts, the cost of the structures is also determined. The price is also affected by the material from which they are performed. Typically, the enclosure includes 3 elements: a frame, supports and filling.

Material variants

As it was said above, the fence of the construction site should be stable, reliable, durable, easy to assemble, disassemble and transport. As traditional materials for the manufacture of such structures are wood and metal. Thanks to modern technologies, their assortment has significantly increased. Nowadays, plastic is often used for fencing. The advantage of such constructions is as follows:

1. The existing rules allow their installation.
2. The democratic value of the material ensures the attractiveness of such fences.
3. The installation does not require special equipment and additional workers.
4. There is no need to paint the structure.
5. Installation of plastic fences takes a minimum amount of time.
6. The constructions are distinguished by their durability, lightness and strength.

However, there is a serious shortage in such fences - they are unsuitable for use in facilities where large-scale construction is being carried out. A similar situation with the constructions of the rabitsa. The undoubted advantages of the grid - its simplicity of installation and cheapness - are suppressed by the norms of the state standard. Recently, fences from the proflist are often installed. Designs are easy to assemble, are relatively inexpensive. In addition, it is easy to take care of such fences.

Mobile constructions

Temporary fencing of this type appeared relatively recently. They, like other constructions, provide protection of citizens from accidents, protection of the object, prevent unauthorized appearance of outsiders. Metal mobile elements are also used when distinguishing between places in parking lots, designating the perimeter of the site. At installation it is not required special equipment, special knowledge is not necessary. The elements are mounted in a short time. Section panels are equipped with special fasteners. They exclude unwanted or accidental dismantling.

Conclusion

The construction site acts as a potentially dangerous object. There is always the possibility of an accident. In this regard, the persons responsible for carrying out the work are obliged to take all necessary measures to ensure security both inside the facility and outside it. Failure to comply with the prescribed regulations may end sadly not only for citizens, including workers, but also the leaders in charge of construction. Currently, there is a large selection of materials and structures to ensure the safety of work, so responsible persons can easily select the proper protection of the object.